Как быстро и правильно научиться читать по английскому языку

Английские правила чтения.

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a - [ æ ] – э

am, as, at, bad, bag, and, ran, flat, cap,

had, can, tag, clad, ham, hat, cat, fat, fan,

man, act, dad, jam, has, sat, sad, sang,

clam, clap, lamp, lamb, hand, back, glad,

land, sand, swam, parrot, madam, Paris,

stand, banana, rabbit, dragon, battle,

contract.

e - [ e ] - е

bed, get, hen, end, let, men, pet,

met, red, ten, pen, bell, well, egg

help, best, test, left, sent, send,

west, went, next, dress, smell,

smelt, slept, seven, let’s, swept,

chess, tennis, address, desk,

eleven, lesson, check, present,

pencil.

i – [ i ] - и

in, it, if, is, big, ink, his, six, him, sit,

dig, rid, id, win, pig, ski, bill, hill, fill,

kiss, will, miss, skip, rink, sing, film,

king, into, list, pink, wing, still, ring,

slim, wind, blink, clip, visit, drink,

swing, picnic, sink, middle, bring,

kitten, mitten, swim, simple, spring.

o – [ ɔ ] - o

on , of, old, not, lot, hot, fox, dog,

box, doll, pond, song, post, frost,

from, long, told, open, frog, cold, gold,

shop, most, stop, along, strong, forest,

progress, problem, postman,

programme.

Исключения: son, won, ton, front.

u - [ ʌ ] - а

up, us, cup, sun, but, bud, bug, fun, cut, run, nut, mum, bulb, gum, just, sung, duck, swum, bump, dull, jump, must, such, luck, club, much, lunch, pump, brush, plump, under, drunk, summer, ugly, uncle, rubber, blunder, puzzle, subject, hungry, umbrella, husband, discuss, study, hundle.

Исключения: pull, full, bull, put

e - [ i : ] - и

we, he, she, be, me.

o - [ ou ] - оу

go, no, so.

Исключения: to, do.

y - [ ai ] - ай

my, fly, try, cry, by, dry, sky,

shy, why, spy, apply, comply,

classify, butterfly, bystander.

а - [ ei ] – эй

name, face, game, take, make,

lake, cake, late, tale, sale, ate,

same, save, came, brave, skate,

brave, plane, plate, snake, chase,

base.

Исключения: have.

i – [ ai ] - ай

nine, like, bike, bite, fine, five, hide, nice, ride, wife, time, alive, dive, kite, line, mice, mime, wide, size, smile, price, polite.

Исключения: live, give.

о - [ ou ] - oy

home, note, nose, hope, stone,

alone, spoke, those, Rome,

joke, chose, close, code, cope,

choke

Исключения: come, some, love, glove,

none, gone, done, welcome.

ea - [ i : ] - и

clean, eat, read, team, deal, leaf,

please, weak, jeans, mean, beat,

meal, meat, treat, tea, leapfrog, sea,

speak, teach, great, cheap, beak,

beam.

Исключения: breakfast, head, health, bread,

ready, breath, break.

ee - [ i :] - и

green, seek, meet, see, street,

teeth, cheese, feed, feet, tree,

three, sheep, week, seen, bee,

sleep, meet, need, sweet, seed,

breed,

oo – [ u : ] – у

book, cook, look, good, pool, school, moon, room, school, boot, food, tooth, cookbook, soon, zoo, too, choose, took, stood, spoon, cool, kangaroo,

booth, brook, boom,

Исключения: blood, flood.

th = [ ] з или с

the, then, this, that, thin, think,

thing, thanks

sh = [ ] - ш

shelf, sheep, fish, wish, finish,

polish, clash,

ch – [ ] - ч

chop, chin, chips

wh = [ w ] - в

when, what, whale, whisper,

white, where, which,

Исключение: who.

ck = [ k ] - к

rock, clock, o’clock, peck, kick,

black, check, pick, stick, sick,

racket, nick, trick, sock, cheek,

brick, cock, block,

I + ght - [ ait ] - ай

b right , night, right, might, fight

light, sight, fright, slight.

a + ll = [ : ɔ ] - o

all, ball, call, fall, small, tall,

hall, wall.

ay - [ ei ] – эй

day, gay, play, say, stay, may,

way, lay, pay, ray, clay, bay, hay,

today, yesterday, faraway, away,

holiday, always, betray, gray, delay,

essay,

ai - [ ei ] - эй

sail, mail, tail, main, train, rain,

laid, aim, aid, wait, paint, pain, paid,

raincoat, said, trait, detail, plain,

Spain, straight, explain, contain,

afraid, attain, bait, barmaid, chain,

braid, brain, claim, captain, cocktail,

blackmail, fail, faint, drain, coxswain,

grain, complain, compaign.

Исключения: bargain, again, Britain.

oy - [ oi ] - ой

toy, boy, joy, enjoy, annoy,

boycott, employ,

oi - [ oi ] - ой

join, coin, point, noise, boil, oil,

toilet, choice, appoint, avoid,

foil, hoist .

ou - [ au ] - ау

house, mouse, round, proud,

ground, pound, found, sound,

count, cloud, noun, loud, out,

about, arouse, blouse, shout,

south, mouth, trouble, amount,

announce, bound, discount,

denounce, compound.

aw - [ ɔ : ] - о

raw, claw, draw, law, paw, saw,

maw, dawn, lawn, pawn, crawl,

shawl, straw,

ow - [ au ] - ау

cow, how, now, bow, down,

brown, town, clown, growl,

allow, brow, gown .

ow - [ ou ] - оу

fellow, yellow, bellow, window,

grow, show, know, Moscow, sow,

arrow, borrow, bungalow, slow,

hollow, shallow, shadow, sorrow,

sparrow, snow, swallow, throw,

thrown,

oa - [ ou ] - оу

coat, goat, boat, road, loaf,

cloak, coal, boast, coast, roast,

loan, foam, throat .

a - [ a: ] - а

ask, grass, last, past, glass, fast, class, plant, task, pass, cast, brass, clasp, blast, staff,

i - [ a i ] - ай

kind, mind, find, mild, wild,

child, climb, blind, rind

a - [ o ] - о

want, wash, what, watch, water.

oul - [ u ] - у

could, would, mould, should.

y - [ i ] - и

funny, puppy, hurry, suddenly, carry, silly,

many, sunny, hungry, usually, merry,

ability, clumsy, every, very, ready, really,

berry, activity, granny, happy, pantry,

family, any, lazy, angry, party, baby, city,

pity, hobby, sorry, story, frosty, copy,

pony, only, busy, monkey, country.

er - [ ] - э

winter, river, dinner, finger, blister,

butter, number, summer, never, better,

letter, prefer, remember, newspaper,

manner, danger, banner, Badger, after,

answer, another, other, wonder, roller,

poster, longer, monster, booster, water,

computer, scooter, sweater, confer,

consider, copper, composer.

a+r – [ a: ] - а

are, car, far, arm, art, jar, farm, bar,

hard, dark, bark, park, part, star,

harm, lark, harp, garb, shark, card,

mark, smart, start, march, scarf,

carpet, yard, large, garden, alarm,

postcard, carpet, cartoon, partner.

calendar, cart, cigar.

Исключения: warm, war, warn, wardrobe, award.

ir = [ ]

bird, third, first, dirty, sir, girl,

skirt, shirt, circle

o + r = [ o: ]

or, for, corn, work, form, born,

word, fork, lord, sport, short,

shorts, storm, worse, worst, world, order, forgot, morning,

corner, border, transform, transport,

er - [ 3: ] -

concert, modern, desert, Berlin,

certain, concern, convert

u + r = [ ]

burn, burst, burden, church,

a + r + e= [ ]

fare, dare, share, ware, mare,

tare, care, bare, pare, stare, hare, rare, ware, parents.

i + r + e = [ ]

fire, bonfire, tired, hire, wire,

expire, entire,

o + r + e= [ o: ]

more, score, wore, sore, shore,

bored, store, before, bore, snore,

ignore, tore, therefore,

air - [ ] -

air, hair, chair, fair, pair, stairs,

repair, armchair, despair,

oo + r = [ o: ]

door, moor, floor.

Исключение: poor.

ear - [ ] -

bear, tear, wear, clear, dear,

near, hear, year, appear,

eer - [ ] -

deer, beer, cheer, career engineer.

Слова исключения = [ ]

often, listen.

talk, walk, stalk, chalk.

they, grey.

I, hi, high, idea, pie, die.

ie - [ i : ] - и

chief, relieve, believe, relief,

grief, brief, field, shield, thief,

Исключения : client

L = [ не читается ]

calm, calf, half, behalf,

ey = [ ]

key, cockney, hockey, abbey,

Исключения: convey, chimney

ew - [ ] – ью

new, dew, few, stew,

ause - [ o : z ] - оз

cause, clause, pause, because,

applause.

tion = [ ]

nation, information, station, action,

section, instruction, application,

attention, auction, collaboration,

automation, aviation, circulation,

celebration, carnation, abolition,

civilization, abbreviation, collision,

commission,

ure - [ ] -

culture, future, picture, nature,

pleasure, architecture, capture,

expenditure.

que = [ ]

unique, antique,

tive - [ tiv ] - тив

comparative, cooperative,

conservative, attentive,

attractive, collective

ant - [ ] - энт

tolerant,

ent - [ ] - энт

parent, transparent,

or - [ ] -

traitor, transistor, translator,

tractor, victor,

ment = [ ]

apartment, equipment, comment,

argument, appointment,

attachment, basement,

compliment, compartment

able= [ ]

arable, available, capable, cable,

able,

logy= [ ]

archeology, biology,

our = [ ]

ardour, behaviour, hour, our,

uous = [ ]

arduous,

quet = [ ]

banquet, bouquet, colleque,

cheque,

ought - [ o:t ] - от

bought, brought, nought,

thought,

igh - [ ] - ай

high, sigh, thigh,

ance = [ ]

circumstance, compliance, confidence, convenience, conference, condolence, conscience.

ence = [ ]

audience, benevolence,

east = [ ]

beast, least,

sure = [ ]

sure, assure,

mn - [ n ] - н

condemn, column, government,

Исключения: solemn,

ict = [ ikt ]

contradict,

ist = [ ]

communist,

ess - [ ]

congress, compress, confess

ent – [ ent ]

confident, continent, consistent,

ate – [ ]

congratulate, communicate,

coordinate, consolidate,

circulate, date,

Исключения: climate,

ous – [ ]

coniferous,

ious – [ ]

conscientious, conscious,

continious.

ume – [ ]

consume,

Исключения:

ute – [ ]

contribute, constitute,

Исключения:

ude – [ ]

attitude,

Исключения: