LONDON - the capital of GB

LONDON

LONDON

• First it was named Londinium.
• In Roman times Londinium was a small town with the Thames in its centre.
• In 1666 there was the Great Fire of London.
• All Kings and Queens of England lived in London.

• Now it is a centre for business, culture and tourism
• There are in fact 3 cities in London: the City, the East End, the West End.
• London stands on the River Thames.
• The political center of

London is Westminster

• What is the capital of Great Britain?
• How old is London?
• When was the Great fire of London?
• What river does London stand on?
• What is the population of London?
• How many parts are there in London?
• What is the oldest part of London?
• What is the financial part of London?
• What is the district for working people?
• Which part is the centre of London?

London is the capital of Great Britain. It is a very old city. It is two thousand years old. London is not only the capital of the country but also a huge port.

London is situated upon both banks of the Thames. There seventeen bridges across the river.

The population of London is about 9 million people.

London has three parts: the City of London, the West End and the East End.

The City of London is the oldest part of London. You can see narrow streets and pavements there. There are many offices, firms and banks in this part of London. The City of London is the financial centre of the United Kingdom.

THE WEST END

OF LONDON

The West End is the centre of London. There are many sights in the West End. They are, for example, the Houses of Parliament with Big Ben. It is interesting that the clock “Big Ben” came into service in 1859. Big Ben is the biggest clock bell in Britain. It weighs 13.5 tons.

The other interesting place is West- minster Abbey: Newton, Darwin and others.

The official London residence of the Queen is Buckingham Palace. It was built in the 18 th century.

THE TRAFALGAR

SQUARE

There are many nice squares in London. Trafalgar Square is one of them and it is in the centre of the West End. One can see a statue of Lord Nelson in the middle of this square.

There are many museums, libraries and galleries in London. The Tate Gallery is one of the well-known galleries in London. Henry Tate was a sugar manufacturer. He was fond of paintings and collected many pictures.

The British Museum is a very interesting place in London. It was founded in 1753 . The library of this museum has a lot of books.

THE EAST END

The East End of London is the district for working people. There are many factories, workshops and docks there.

There many cars and buses in London. There is the Tube (the Underground) in London, too. It is a good one.

One say that the City is the money of London, the West End is the goods of London and the East End is the hands of London.

THE LONDON UNDERGROUND

The London Underground is the oldest in the world. The first line was opened 1870. It was like a tube, that’s why it was called the Tube. English people call the old lines the Tube, the new lines the Underground.

One can see the word “Underground” across a large circle. It shows you where the situation are. When you want to find the metro station in Moscow you look for the letter “M”.

SIGHTS OF LONDON

• Houses of Parliament are situated on the bank of the river Thames.
• Big Ben is the name of the clock and the bell of the clock tower.
• You can hear the sound of Big Ben every hour in London.

SIGHTS OF LONDON

• There are 8 tunnels under the River Thames.
• There are 27 bridges over the River Thames.
• Tower Bridge is one of the most famous and beautiful among them.

SIGHTS OF LONDON

• Westminster Abbey is one of the most famous and beautiful churches in London.
• It is more than nine years old.
• It is famous for the Poet’s Corner.
• Many famous writers are buried there.

SIGHTS OF LONDON

• St. Paul’s Cathedral is one of the greatest English churches.
• The famous English architect Sir Christopher Wren built it in the 17 th century after the Great Fire.
• In one of its towers there is one of the largest bells in the world.

SIGHTS OF LONDON

• The Tower of London was a fortress, a palace, a prison and the King’s Zoo.
• Now it is the museum.
• William the Conqueror built it in the 11 th century.
• There are always black ravens in the Tower. People believe that London will be rich while ravens live there.

Match the synonyms:

big

Secure

Broad

Dangerous

Risky

Intelligent

Nice

Weak

Glad

Slender

Happy

Slim

Wide

kind

Rude

clever

feeble

enormous

Safe

Impolite

Choose the correct antonym:

alive

beautiful

ugly

interesting

big

old

bitter

boring

light

cold

heavy

married

cheap

polite

nasty

poor

small

clean

stupid

quiet

empty

curly

right

Long

thin

difficult

wrong

safe

straight

good

hard

short

bad

early

fat

small

lazy

noisy

full

soft

dangerous

easy

single

traditional

hot

big

happy

true

dirty

false

hardworking

sad/unhappy

well

Sweet

ill/unwell

white

late

modern

nice

expensive

new

black

rude/impolite

intelligent

wrong

rich

right

dead

SIGHTS OF LONDON

Buckingham

Palace

Trafalgar Square

Admiral Nelson’s

column

The National

Gallery