PAST TENSE (таблица)

PAST TENSES

PAST SIMPLE

V2/V+ed; did (not) + V

PAST CONTINUOUS

was/were (not) + Ving

PAST PERFECT

had (not) + V3/V+ed

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

had (not) been + Ving

последовательные действия в прошлом

Helen put on a red dress, did her hair and left.

событие в прошлом, которое произошло в указанное время

I drank tea an hour ago.

действие совершилось в прошлом, связи с настоящим нет

William Shakespeare wrote a lot of plays.

прошлые привычки

He used to go to school on foot.

Слова-сигналы

yesterday, last Friday/ week/month/ year etc, ago, then, when, in 1985 etc.

действие длилось в указанный момент в прошлом

Mary was painting at 5 pm yesterday.

действие совершалось в прошлом и было прервано другим действием

Peter was watching TV when the phone rang.

два и более действия в прошлом совершались одновременно

I was mopping the floor while my sister was washing the dishes.

Слова-сигналы

when, while, as etc.

действие в прошлом закончилось до другого действия или до указанного момента времени в прошлом

Jane had left by the time I got there (by 7 pm).

действие полностью завершилось, есть видимый результат в прошлом

She was sad because she had failed her exam.

эквивалент Present Perfect в прошлом

(Peter can’t find his watch. He has lost it)

Peter couldn’t find his watch. He had lost it.

Cлова-сигналы:

just, never, ever, already, yet, for, since, before, by, by the time etc.

действие совершалось в течении некоторого периода и закончилось в определённое время в прошлом

She had been working as a model for 5 years before she got married.

действие длилось какое-то время в прошлом и есть видимые результаты в прошлом

They were wet because they had been walking in the rain.

эквивалент Present Perfect Continuous в прошлом

(She’s going to the doctor. Her leg has been aching for 2 days)

She went to the doctor. Her leg had been aching for 2 days.

Слова-сигналы:

how long, for, since