Раздаточный материал по теме "Лондон - столица Великобритании"

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London is the largest city in Western Europe. More than 7 million people live there. It lies on both banks of the Thames.

The City of London London is traditionally divided into several parts: the City of London, which is the financial center of the United 1\ingdom, the West End, which

is the area of museums, art galleries, largest department stores, cinemas, and hotels. West End and is associated with wealth and luxury; and the East End, which is the industrial part of London and is very important for the commerce.

The Tower of London

Most of London sights, such as the Tower, the Houses of Parliament, Westminster Аbbey, Trafalgar Square, and others are famous all over the world.

The Tower of London was founded in the 11th century bу William the Conqueror. The Tower in the past was а fortress, а palace, and а prison.

Though the kings were born, lived and were married there, it happened also that kings and queens were murdered in the Tower. It was said that whoever held the keys to the Tower, held the keys to the kingdom.

The Tower has several towers: the Jewel Tower, where the Royal precious jewels are kept, the White Tower, in which the Кings of England held their Court, and others. One of the towers is called the Bloody Tower, where the king Edward V and his brother were murdered. The Duke of

York. Queen Anne Boleyn, the Princess (afterwards Queen) Elisabeth and many other people were in prison in the Tower.

Now the Tower is а museum and the Crown jewels and other treasures are kept there. The Guard, known as ''Beefeaters" still keep watch. The Ceremony of the Keys that is centuries old takes place every night.

Now the only inhabitants of the Tower are ravens.

There is а legend that the Tower will fall if it loses its ravens. Therefore the birds with clipped wings are carefully

The Houses of Parliament

The Houses of Parliament and the Clock tower "Big Ben"

The Houses of Parliament are the most beautiful buildings not only in London, but in the whole Europe. The Houses of Parliament are also called the Palace of Westminster. The Queen enters the Palace of Westminster only on the day of the opening of Parliament at the beginning of the session. She wears а crown and many jewels when she makes her speech from the Throne in the House of Lords.

А fire destroyed the old Houses of Parliament. The new Houses of Parliament were built in 1857. The famous 320 foot (97.5 meters) clock

Tower is called "Вig Ben" after Sir Benjamin Hall under whose direction the construction of the clock was conducted.

St. Paul's Cathedral

It took the architect Christopher Wren 35 years to build the Cathedral.

It is one of the most beautiful pieces of architecture in Europe. It has а huge dome with а golden ball on the top. The interior of the Cathedral is very beautiful too.

The British Museum

There are many museums and art galleries in London. British Museum is famous for its rich library (about 7 000 000 books).

It is also the Museum of History, Archaeology, Art and Ethnography. The British Museum contains the most important collections in Britain.

The Buckingham Palace

The Buckingham Palace is the place where the Queen of England lives.

Trafalgar Square

Trafalgar Square is the geographical center of London. It was named in the memory of Admiral Nelson's victory in the battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The tall Nelson's Column stands in the middle of the square. Opposite the Nelson monument is the National Gallery and the National Portrait Gallery. They contain the finest art collections of the world.

Westminster Аbbey

Westminster Аbbey is the place where the coronation of nearly all kings and queens has taken place since the time of the Conquest. Many of them are buried here as well as some other famous people of the country.

Westminster Аbbey is famous for its architecture and history.

There are the graves of some of the world's famous writers, poets and scientists: Chaucer, Charles Dickens, Tennyson, Thomas Hardy, Кipling and others are buried here. There in the Poet's Comer there are memorials to Shakespeare and Milton, Burns, Byron, Scott, Thackeray

and Longfellow. Here is also the grave of the Unknown Soldier who was killed in the First World War.

Parks in London

St. James Park

There are many parks in London: Hyde Park with its Speaker's Corner, St. James Park, and Kensington Park.

The East End is an industrial district of London. There are many factories there. The region is densely populated bу working class families, those people who have built the palaces of the West End.

Exercise 1

Match the following words and translations, write

Exercise 2

Answer the following questions

1. What is the capital of Great Britain?

2. What is London's population?

3. On what river does London stand?

4. Into what parts is London divided?

5. Why is the City called the business center of London?

6. Who was buried in Westminster Аbbеу?

7. What is the West End famous for?

8. Why is the central square in London named Trafalgar Square?

9. Who lives in the East End?

Exercise 3

Say in English using the expressions from the text:

Столица Великобритании является крупнейшим городом в Европе.

Лондон располагается…

Лондон разделен на несколько частей: …

… является деловой частью Лондона.

В … части живут…

…. часть города - …

Главные достопримечательности Лондона: …

Лондонский Тауэр…

Лондонский парламент …

Британский музей…

Трафальгарская площадь названа так в честь…

Вестминстерское аббатство…

Парки Лондона….

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