Методические указания 1 курс 6 часть ГД (2023 год)

МИНИСТЕРСТВО ЛЕСНОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА

И ОХРАНЫ ОБЪЕКТОВ ЖИВОТНОГО МИРА НИЖЕГОРОДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

Государственное бюджетное профессиональное

образовательное учреждение Нижегородской области

«КРАСНОБАКОВСКИЙ ЛЕСНОЙ КОЛЛЕДЖ»

(ГБПОУ НО «КБЛК»)

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ

по дисциплине «Иностранный язык (Английский язык)»

для студентов I курса

Тема 14 Обучение в колледже

Тема 15 Финансовые учреждения и услуги

Тема 16 Работа в сфере «человек-человек»

для специальности 43.02.14 «Гостиничное дело»

Составили:

преподаватели

иностранного языка

Воронина М.В.,

Булкина Т.А.

Красные Баки

2023 год

Lesson 1

Studying at college

№1. Translate the words:

a hostel, professional training, graduates, picturesque, outstanding people, well-designed, multimedia projection units, an Assembly hall, a canteen, sports facilities, nonresident students, training practice, workshop, hardworking, experienced.

№2. Read and translate the text:

After finishing secondary school young people can continue their education at different kinds of technical schools or colleges. Professional training makes it easier to get a higher education. The classrooms in our college are comfortable and well-designed. They are equipped with computers and multimedia projection units. There are laboratories for studying physics, chemistry and biology. In our college there are 5 computer classrooms where students learn to use the Internet to create their first computer programs and projects in different subjects. There is a large and light hall, a sport gym, a training room with sport heavy equipment on the ground floor. On the second floor there is a library with a reading room.

Not far from the college it is a hostel. It is a very comfortable and cosy four-storied building for the students. Opposite the college it is a club with a large Assembly hall for concerts and a canteen where students have a lunch. Today the college provides training in such specialties and professions as a specialist of a car mechanic, forestry and forest park management, a hospitality specialist and a hunting specialist. Training practice takes place in the workshops. There are all kinds of tools and machines in the workshops.

Our students are hardworking. They always take part in different educational programs, quizzes and competitions and therefore achieve good results. Many of them get a scholarship. Experienced teachers help to create a friendly atmosphere for learning. They prepare students for entering the best universities of our country. Studying at the college is a hard work but a real pleasure.

№3. Find the Russian equivalent from the column B to the English words from the column A:

A	B
1) to use	a) цель
2) to find	b) стараться изо всех сил
3) to get	c) мастерская
4) a device	d) ремонтировать
5) to become	e) разный, различный
6) equipment	f) использовать, пользоваться
7) difficult	g) проходить практику
8) aim	h) находить
9) to have practical training	i) прибор, устройство
10) a workshop	j) сложный
11) different	k) оборудование
12) to repair	l) становиться
13) to do one’s best	m) получать

№4. Answer the questions:

1. Where do you study?

2. How old is our college?

3. When was it founded?

4. Is your college old or modern?

5. How many professions are there in the college? What are they?

6. What profession do you study at?

7. Where does training practice take place?

8. What are you going to be?

9. Do you like to study at our college?

№5. Study the material «General questions»

Вопросительные предложения необходимы для получения нужной информации, которая может касаться как самого предмета или действия, так и дополнительных деталей об этом предмете (его характеристика) или действии (время, место, способ его совершения). Именно для всех этих целей существуют следующие 5 типов вопросов в английском языке:

General Question (Общий вопрос)

Special Question (Специальный вопрос)

Who Question (Вопрос к подлежащему)

Alternative question (Альтернативный вопрос)

Tag Question (Разделительный вопрос)

Общий вопрос в английском языке строится с помощью вспомогательного глагола, который может меняться в зависимости от времени и числа. Строятся общие вопросы в английском языке по следующей схеме:

Present Simple: We read a text every lesson. – Do we read a text every lesson?

She gets up early every day. – Does she get up early every day?

He is a student. – Is he a student?

They have a house. – Have they a house?

Kate can write in English. – Can Kate write in English?

Past Simple: Ben wrote an essay yesterday. – Did Ben write an essay yesterday?

They were in Moscow last year. – Were they in Moscow last year?

We had a dog two years ago. – Had we a dog two years ago?

Future Simple: We shall go to Paris next summer. – Shall we go to Paris next summer?

She will read the book tomorrow. – Will she read the book tomorrow?

Present Progressive: I am sleeping right now. – Am I sleeping right now?

He is listening to music now. – Is he listening to music now?

They are playing tennis now. – Are they playing tennis now?

Past Progressive: She was cooking dinner. - Was she cooking dinner?

We were writing the letter. – Were we writing the letter?

Present Perfect: You have seen Jenny today. - Have you seen Jenny today?

He has sent a message already. - Has he sent a message already?

Past Perfect: We had washed the plates. – Had we washed the plates?

№6. Make up general questions in Present Simple:

1. Experienced teachers help to create a friendly atmosphere for learning.

2. There is a large and light hall on the ground floor.

3. His brother has 6 lessons every day.

4. She knows many English words.

5. There are many chairs in the classroom.

6. I am a first-year student of the college now.

7. Sam and Sue have got a bike.

8. The film is boring.

9. Her friend lives in London.

10. Our students are hardworking.

№7. Make up general questions in Past Simple:

1. I went to the cinema yesterday.

2. We were at the hotel yesterday.

3. Helen had a busy day yesterday

4. The ice-cream was too expensive.

5. They lived in China in 1985 year.

6. There were men in the room waiting for you.

№8. Make up general questions in Future Simple:

1. There will be a music festival next month.

2. My friend will start college next year.

3. Larry and Tom will go to the skating-rink in an hour.

4. We shall travel to other countries in future.

5. Mark will go to the swimming-pool next Tuesday.

6. We shall have the History exam in three days.

№9. Make up general questions in Progressive Tense:

1. I'm working hard on my English to get into college.

2. Mike and Fred were repairing the car at 2 p.m. yesterday.

3. We are doing homework now.

4. Helen was carrying heavy bags when Mark saw her.

5. Kevin is sending letters at this moment.

№10. Make up general questions in Perfect Tense:

1. John has lost his key.

2. Your mum had visited many countries.

3. I have seen Peter since Saturday.

4. Kate and Fred had done their homework.

5. They have ever watched this film.

Lesson 2

Special Features of Personnel Training for

Tourism and Hospitality Industry

№1. Read and translate the text:

The hotel business and tourism are very well developed today and continue to develop further. In this regard, organizations are interested in finding young specialists who know the basics of hotel service and tourism.

The specialist is engaged in organizational, managerial, production and technical activities. A graduate of the specialties “Hotel business”, “Hotel service” or “Tourism and hotel service" can work in hostels and hotels, restaurants, resort complexes, travel agencies. During their studies, future managers study the basics of service and etiquette, management, organization and management of the hotel business, business planning, hotel animation and other interesting disciplines necessary for further work. During their studies, students study useful and interesting humanities and social-economic disciplines. The specialist should be able to properly and politely talk to the guest and be able to solve his problems. In universities and colleges, future specialists are taught proper communication, as well as psychology, so that they can immediately understand a person and adjust to his mood and character.

After a few years of working as an ordinary administrator, you can become a hotel manager, whose salary is several times higher. In the hotel business, even chambermaids and waiters are able to “grow” in a career.

№2. Answer the questions:

1. Are organizations interested in finding tourists?

2. Where can specialists work after colleges or universities?

3. What activities are specialists of hotel business engaged?

4. What is continue to developed today?

5. Do students study humanities and technical disciplines?

№3. Find in the text antonyms:

boring, relax, past, rudely, end, tomorrow, wrong, slightly, degrade

№4. Write the plural forms and divide into two groups [s] , [z] and [iz]:

organization, restaurant, complex, college, specialty, chambermaid, specialist, activity, basic, agency, student

№5. Study the material «Alternative questions»:

Альтернативный вопрос в английском языке подразумевает выбор между двумя или более вариантами, в него всегда входит союз or (или). Чтобы построить альтернативный вопрос, надо добавить в общий вопрос слово or и ещё один вариант к подлежащему (или к сказуемому, дополнению, обстоятельству), чтобы получился выбор.

Is he a pupil or a student? - He is a student.

Have you got a cat or a dog? – I have got a cat.

Do they go to Paris or London? – They go to London.

Does she like pears or apples? – She likes apples.

Did they or we learn English? – We learnt English.

Shall I read or listen a book? – I shall listen a book.

Can you open a window or a door? – I can open a door.

№6. Translate the sentences:

1. Он вчера ходил в школу или в кино?

2. Ты видишь мою маму или бабушку?

3. Она спит или нет?

4. Они могут говорить по-немецки или по-французски?

5. Соня приедет в понедельник или пятницу?

6. Он живет в доме или квартире?

7. Аэропорт большой или маленький?

8. Сколько человек в твоей семье – три или четыре?

9. В этом классе находятся студенты или учителя?

10. Ты на ужин ешь мясо или рыбу каждый день?

№7. Answer the questions:

1. Are there two or four teachers in this class?

2. Does your father work in the evening or in the daytime?

3. Which city do you like - Paris or London?

4. Is he good at Science or Mathematics?

5. Is your friend’s job interesting or not?

6. Does Sam drink much milk or water?

7. Is it good for her health or for skin?

8. Is parrot green or yellow?

9. Has John lost or found his key?

№8. Make up alternative questions to the bold words:

1. He is going to read at the weekend. (to ride a bike)

2. I would like a cup of tea. (some juice)

3. His hobby is to ride a horse. (to play football)

4. Jim loves Kelly. (Jane)

5. The water is boiling. (not boil)

6. Kate spoke in a very low (loud)

7. Anne has been teaching us for 5 years. (6 years)

8. The girl is from London. (Paris)

9. We have talked about Rita’s boyfriend for a long time. (Sue)

10. She must look after the baby because her parents are going out tonight. (grandmother)

№9. Make up alternative questions using the information in the sentences:

1. Mike is in the swimming pool (in the kindergarten).

2. Jane has gone to the swimming pool (to the library).

3. He has got a new computer game (a new book).

4. It’s cold (hot).

5. My brother has been to Spain (to Italy).

6. Mr. White is visiting Spain (Germany).

7. Jack has written the exercise (the story).

8. Students are writing the exercise (the translation).

9. My mother has gone to school (to work).

10. Children are at school (at the sportsground).

№10. Continue the alternative questions:

1. Is it raining or …?

2. Will Ann be at home at 11 o’clock or …?

3. Do you work here or …?

4. Can they come tomorrow or …?

5. Has John bought a car or …?

6. Did you come here on bicycle or …?

7. Shall I answer this question or …?

8. Do the children or…wake up at seven o’clock?

9. Are you speaking English or …?

10. Was Tom or …responsible for this work?

№11. Make up as many alternative questions as you can to the sentence:

The students play basketball in the gym every Saturday at 5 p.m.

Lesson 3

Economics of Russia

№1. Read and translate the text:

The economy of Russia is the eleventh largest economy in the world by nominal value. Russia has an abundance of natural gas, oil, coal, and precious metals. It is also rich in agriculture. Russia has undergone significant changes since the collapse of the Soviet Union, moving from a centrally planned economy to a more market-based and globally integrated economy.

Under the presidency of Vladimir Putin Russia's economy saw the nominal Gross Domestic Product (GDP) double, climbing from 22^nd to 11^th largest in the world. The economy made real gains of an average 7% per year, making it the 6^th largest economy in the world in GDP.

The mineral-packed Ural Mountains and the vast oil, gas, coal, and timber reserves of Siberia and the Russian Far East make Russia rich in natural resources. However, most such resources are located in remote and climatically unfavorable areas that are difficult to develop and far from Russian ports. The petroleum industry in Russia is one of the largest in the world. Russia has the largest reserves, and is the largest exporter, of natural gas. It has the second largest coal reserves, the eighth largest oil reserves, and is the largest exporter of oil. Natural resources, especially oil and gas, dominate Russian exports. Oil and gas exports continue to be the main source of hard currency. Russia is also a leading producer and exporter of minerals and gold.

Russia's defense industry employs 2.5-3 million people, accounting for 20% of all manufacturing jobs. Russia is the world's second largest conventional arms exporter after the United States. The most popular types of weaponry bought from Russia are Sukhoi and MiG fighters, air defense systems, helicopters, battle tanks, armored personnel carriers and infantry fighting vehicles. Space industry of Russia consists of over 100 companies and employs 250,000 people. The IT market is one of the most dynamic sectors of the Russian economy.

In the Russian law as in the law of many other civilized countries, there are sectors of the economy who are considered to be crucial for national security and foreign companies are restricted from owning them. Investments in the so-called Strategic Sectors are defined in a law adopted by the Federal Assembly of Russia.

№2. Answer the questions:

1. Is the economy of Russia or the UK the eleventh largest economy in the world?

2. Has Russia an abundance of natural gas, oil and coal?

3. What natural resources dominate Russian exports?

4. Is the petroleum industry in Russia one of the largest in the world?

5. What are the most popular types of weaponry bought from Russia?

№3. Are these statements true or false? Correct the false once:

1. Russia has an abundance of natural materials, oil, coal, and precious metals.

2. Russia is the world's third largest conventional arms exporter.

3. Russia has the largest reserves of natural gas.

4. Russia is also a leading exporter of minerals and gold.

5. Space industry of Russia consists of over 1000 companies

№4. Find in the text antonyms and translate them:

smallest, poor, little, easy, near, import, minor, passive

№5. Write plural form of the next nouns and translate them:

job, industry, type, country, metal, resource, company, system

№6. Study the material «Wh-questions»

Специальный вопрос (special question, wh-question) — это вопрос для выяснения конкретной информации. Например: Where do you study? When is he getting up? 

Отличительной чертой специальных вопросов в английском является обязательное наличие вопросительных слов:

What? - что?, Where? - где?, When? - когда?, Why? - почему?, Who? - кто?,

Which? - который?, Whose? - чей?, Whom? - кого?, How? - как?

Структура специальных вопросов практически такая же, как у общих. Отличается она лишь тем, что в начале предложения нужно добавить вопросительное местоимение или словосочетание. Общая схема построения специального вопроса в английском: Вопросительное слово + вспомогательный глагол + подлежащее + сказуемое + остальные члены предложения.

Вопрос к подлежащему (who/what question) — задается, чтобы узнать, кто или что выполняет определенное действие. В них также используются вопросительные местоимения, но только два: «who» («кто») и «what» («что»). Порядок слов совпадает с утвердительными конструкциями. Например: Who studied at college? What is on the table?

Example: Specialists organize the protection and use of forest funds. - Who organizes the protection and use of forest funds? – What do specialists do? -

John can catch a taxi for me now.  – Who can catch a taxi for me? – What can John do for me? – When can John catch a taxi for me?

№7. Подберите вопросительное слово, подходящее по смыслу:

1. … were you born? - In 2003

2. … pens did you buy? - Four pens.

3. … time is it? - It’s four o’clock.

4. … are you from? - I am from Russia.

5. … do you prefer the white T-shirt or the red one? - The white one.

6. … did your parents have holidays? – Last month.

№8. Задайте специальный вопрос с использованием вопросительного слова, указанного в скобках:

1. Fred usually drives carefully. (who)

2. This computer game has four levels. (how many)

3. They danced till the morning. (how long)

4. I am in his house now. (whose)

5. I will become a millionaire. (in what way)

№9. Составить вопросы к выделенным словам:

1. The movie is 3 hours long.

2. We play tennis on Tuesdays and Fridays.

3. My new car costs a fortune!

4. There are six boys in our class.

5. Her kitchen is 8 square metres.

6. That box is 10 kg.

7. The concert will begin in a few minutes.

8. I need some milk for the cake.

9. They went to Scotland by train.

10. I have known Jill for five years.

№10. Составьте специальные вопросы из предложенных слов:

1. are / this / at / Why / like / looking / you / me?

2. do / to / university / What / enter / you / want?

3. Nick / his / How / does / after / disease / feel?

4. How / were / people / there / the / many / street / in?

5. are / holidays / Where / for / you / going / your?

№11. Составьте к предложению вопросы: общий, альтернативный и специальный:

Most resources are located in remote and climatically unfavorable areas.

Lesson 4

The work of financial institutions

№1. Read and translate the text about financial institutions and their functions:

Financial institutions include banks, credit unions, asset management firms, building societies, and stock brokerages. These institutions are responsible for distributing financial resources in a planned way to the potential users. There are a number of institutions that collect and provide funds for the necessary sector or individual. On the other hand, there are several institutions that act as the middleman and join the deficit and surplus units. Investing money on behalf of the client is another of the variety of functions of financial institutions.

Financial institutions can be categorized as follows:

• Deposit Taking Institutions

• Finance and Insurance Institutions

• Investment Institutions

• Pension Providing Institutions

• Risk Management Institutions

At the same time, there are several governmental financial institutions assigned with regulatory and supervisory functions. These institutions have played a distinct role in fulfilling the financial and management needs of different industries.

Deposit taking financial organizations are known as commercial banks, mutual savings banks, savings associations, loan associations and so on.

The primary functions of financial institutions of this nature are as follows:

• Accepting Deposits

• Providing Commercial Loans

• Providing Real Estate Loans

• Providing Mortgage Loans

• Issuing Share Certificates

№2. Find in the text:

1. депозитные учреждения известны как коммерческие банки

2. финансовые учреждения отвечают за распределение финансовых ресурсов

3. основные функции финансовых учреждений

4. предоставление ипотечных кредитов

5. учреждения пенсионного обеспечения

6. вложение денег от имени клиента

7. выступать в качестве посредника

№3. Answer the question:

1. What do banks specialize in?

2. Do you agree that banks specialize in?

Banks specialize in... - supplying short-term loans

- making long-term loans in certain circumstances

- transferring money

- exchanging money

3) What do insurance companies invest money in?

4) Is it true that insurance companies invest money in…?

Insurance companies invest money in... - government securities

- company shares

- land

- property of all kinds

5) In what way do insurance companies get their income?

6) What types of pension funds do you know?

Pension funds may be … - state

- private

№4. Translate into English:

1) Существуют ли бесплатные банковские услуги?

2) Многие банки устанавливают плату за услуги.

3) Компании с хорошим финансовым положением получают некоторые привилегии.

4) Много ли денег на вашем расчетном счете?

5) Наш коммерческий банк занимается финансированием сельского хозяйства.

6) Некоторые сберегательные банки идут навстречу новым финансовым запросам людей.

7) Коммерческий банк заинтересован в высокой прибыли.

8) Большинство банков предлагают своим клиентам различные депозитные сертификаты.

9) Около двух третей коммерческих банков в США - федеральные банки.

10) Многие банки устанавливают высокую плату за свои услуги.

№5. Study the material «Tag-questions»

В разговорной речи нам иногда приходится переспрашивать собеседника, уточнять информацию или выражать сомнение. Когда мы знаем, о чем речь, но нам необходимо подтверждение, мы используем форму разделительного вопроса в английском языке (tags questions). Разделительные вопросы имеют несколько названий: разделительный вопрос – Disjunctive question; вопрос с хвостиком – Tag question или Tail question

Разделительный вопрос называется так, потому что состоит из двух частей, разделенных запятой: основной части и «хвостика». Если первая часть утвердительная, то хвостик будет содержать отрицание. Если же первая часть содержит отрицание, то хвостик, наоборот, будет утвердительным.

«Хвостик» в таких вопросах состоит из двух частей: вспомогательного глагола, модального глагола или глагола to be (зависит от того, что было использовано в первой части); действующего лица, используемого в основной части, выраженного местоимением.

Mike is a student, isn’t he? Nancy hasn’t a car, has she?

There are many books in library. aren’t there?

We study at college, don’t we? (Present Simple, вспомогательный глагол – do)

Ben lives in Semyenov, doesn’t he? (Present Simple, вспомогательный глагол – does)

They are reading a book now, aren’t they?

Kate and Fred haven’t bought a flat, have they?

№6. Continue Tag-question in the Present:

1. He should go, …?

2. It is the most interesting book, …?

3. Ben and Helen can’t see him, …?

4. There are no toy shops in this street, …?

5. The cats are lazy, … ?

6. The apple was tastier than the banana, …?

7. Your friends can’t come on Sunday, …?

№7. Continue Tag-question in the Past:

1. Bill was in the country, … ?

2. Helen went to the country, … ?

3. His father didn’t go to the country, … ?

4. Mary wasn’t in the country, … ?

5. His parents were on holiday, … ?

6. Her friends spent a month in the country, … ?

7. Her grandparents didn’t like to live in the village, …?

8. The boys could play the game, … ?

№8. Make up Tag-questions:

1. You are busy now.

2. Sally hasn’t had lunch. 

3. There aren’t many people in the library now.

4. He couldn’t go there.

5. You haven’t heard from him for a long time.

6. She knows you.  

7. Sam will be back early today.

8. Granny spent a lot of time on it.

9. There is no chair in the room.

10. Alan was looking for a new job.

№9. Add tags to make Tag-questions:

1. Tigers are dangerous animals, 2. They have a wonderful garden, 3. He bought an expensive TV-set, 4. You have a terrible toothache, 5. She has read an interesting book, 6. We gave all possible answers, 7. I asked a foolish question, 8. It will be a useful exercise, 9. His speech was boring,

didn't I? haven't you? aren't they? haven't they? hasn't she? didn't we? didn't he? wasn't it? won't it?

Lesson 5

Financial services

№1. Read and translate the text:

The Bank of Russia has a vertically integrated centralized structure, comprising the central office, territorial institutions, the cash processing centre (CPC), and other organizations. The National Financial Council operates through the Bank of Russia, while the bank’s central office includes a board of directors and a chairperson. The Bank of Russia’s territorial institutions are autonomous and perform some of the functions of the Bank of Russia across Russia’s regions. The regional territorial institutions are based in economic regions and cover several constituent entities of Russia. They comprise the main departments in the regions, territories, and autonomous districts of Russia, in Moscow and St. Petersburg, and national banks in the republics of the Russian Federation.

The main departments take part in the implementation of the state monetary and credit policy, ensuring the banking system’s development and strengthening; the efficiency and continuous operation of the settlements system; the regulation and supervision of activities of credit institutions in the securities market; the foreign exchange control; the analysis of the state of the economy and its development prospects, as well as the analysis of regional financial markets. A territorial institution has no legal status and is empowered with authority in accordance with the Bank of Russia’s regulation and statutory acts. Cash processing centers (CPCs) are structural units of territorial institutions. The main goal of the CPCs is to ensure the existence of an efficient, reliable and safe payment system in Russia. The CPCs have contractual relationships with credit institutions, representative and executive bodies, local government authorities, federal treasury bodies, and other clients.

№2. Answer the questions:

1. What structure does the Bank of Russia have?

2. Where are the regional territorial institutions based?

3. Where do the main departments take part?

4. What is the main goal of the CPCs?

№3. Are these statements true or false? Correct the false once:

1. The Bank of Russia has a horizontally integrated centralized structure.

2. The regional territorial institutions are based in economic regions and cover several constituent entities of Russia.

3. The main departments take part only in the implementation of the state monetary and credit policy.

4. A territorial institution has a legal status.

5. The main goal of the CPCs is to ensure the existence of an efficient, reliable and safe payment system in Russia.

№4. Fill in the gaps with the correct word:

Interest rates, approximate, a risk, government, investments, recession, circulation, economy

1. The train's _________ time of arrival is 10.30.

2. It's always a _________ starting up a new business.

3. The government plans to cut taxes in order to stimulate the _________.

4. People are worried about inflation biting into their savings and _________.

5. The _________ is spending millions of dollars in its attempt to combat drug abuse.

6. The _________ has led to many small businesses going bankrupt.

7. Police have warned that there are a lot of fake £50 notes in _________.

8. The bank has plans to cut /raise interest _________.

№5. Make up 4 types of questions to the sentences:

1) The bank’s central office includes a board of directors and a chairperson.

General question:

Alternative question:

Special question:

Tag-question:

2) A territorial institution has no legal status.

General question:

Alternative question:

Special question:

Tag-question:

№6. Translate the phrasal verbs and their definitions:

Pay off: This means to give the money that you have borrowed to the bank so that you don’t own them anything.

Rip off: to charge someone too much money for something

Save up (for): to collect money in order to get something in the future

Pay back: to give money that you borrowed back to someone (usually, a friend)

Cut back on: to reduce your expenses

Take out (a loan): to finalize a loan or to get a loan

Get by: to survive financially – to be able to pay your expenses

Go up and Go down: increase or decrease

Chip in: to contribute money to something

Cash out: to sell an investment

№7. Insert the phrasal verbs and translate the sentences:

1) Can I … … $10 for the present?

2) We’ll be fine. We’ll easily … … .

3) Do we need to … …. a new loan?

4) We need to … … … grocery shopping – we’re spending too much

5) Can I … you … next week?

6) How much do we need to … … … the downpayment?

7) They … us … – don’t trust them

8) We … … our mortgage last year

Lesson 6

Negotiating

№1. Translate the phrases:

negotiating skills -

to reach an understanding –

to satisfy various interests -

to involve in negotiation process-

the ability to negotiate –

a resolution of conflict –

to resolve an issue -

to break off relationships -

to avoid conflict and uncomfortable situations -

the company’s general policy -

initial bargaining position -

defending their own interests –

№2. Read and translate the text «Negotiation»

Negotiation is a dialogue between two or more people or parties, intended to reach an understanding, to satisfy various interests of two people/parties involved in negotiation process. Negotiation occurs in business, non-profit organizations, government branches, legal proceedings, among nations and in personal situations such as marriage, divorce, parenting, and everyday life.                                                  

One of the most important skills anyone can hold in daily life is the ability to negotiate. In general terms, a negotiation is a resolution of conflict. We enter negotiations in order to start or continue a relationship and resolve an issue. Even before we accept our first jobs, or begin our careers, we all learn how to negotiate. Some people are naturally stronger negotiators, and are capable of getting their needs met more easily than others. Without the ability to negotiate, people break off relationships, quit jobs, or deliberately avoid conflict and uncomfortable situations.

Negotiations are complex because one is dealing with both facts and people. It is clear that negotiators above all must have a good understanding of a subject. They must be aware of the company’s general policy, initial bargaining and fallback position.

In the world of business, negotiating skills are used for a variety of reasons, such as to negotiate a salary or a promotion, to secure a sale, or to form a new partnership. It means that the business life is a permanent negotiation with other people who are defending their own interests.

№3. Answer the questions:

1. What is negotiation?

2. What fields of activity does negotiation occur?

3. What is the most important skills anyone can hold in daily life?

4. Do we enter negotiations to end a relationship?

5. Are you naturally stronger negotiators?

6. Why do people break off relationships?

7. Negotiations are complex, aren’t they?

8. For what are negotiating skills used?

№4. Are these statements true or false? Correct the false ones:

1. Negotiation is a dialogue only between two people.

2. Negotiating skills are used in every field of people activity.

3. We learn to negotiate from the beginning of our independent life.

4. We enter negotiations in order to break off relationships.

5. The ability to negotiate is taught at school.

6. Every who enters negotiations defend its own interests.

№5. Study the material “If-clause”:

Условное наклонение в английском языке используют, чтобы показать связь между двумя событиями, т.е. обусловленность одного события другим. У условных предложений могут быть значения: предостеречь, объяснить, выразить сожаление или радость.

Условные предложения в английском языке (Conditionals) состоят из двух частей: главное предложение (main clause или result clause); придаточное условия (conditional clause или if clause). Придаточное предложение (if clause) содержит условие. А в главном предложении (main clause) содержится следствие — что произойдет (или произошло бы), если условие будет выполнено.

Conditionals	If-clause	main clause
zero conditional (для констатации общеизвестных истин, научных фактов, правил, законов)	Present Simple If we study hard, Если мы учимся усердно,	Present Simple we always pass our exams. мы всегда сдаём наши экзамены.
1st conditional (для описания вероятных событий в будущем)	Present Simple If I study hard, Если я буду учиться усердно,	will + V1 I will pass my exams. я сдам мои экзамены.
2nd conditional (для маловероятных или нереальных событий в настоящем и будущем)	Past Simple If he studied hard, Если бы он учился усердно,	would + V1 he would pass his exams. он бы сдал его экзамены.
3rd conditional (события, которые могли бы произойти в прошлом, но не произошли)	Past Perfect If they had studied hard, Если бы они учились усердно	would have + V3 they would have passed their exams. они сдали бы экзамены.

№6. Put the verb in the brackets in the correct tense to form Zero Conditional:

1. If you … (to drive) along the river bank it … (to be) twenty miles out of your way.

2. If you … (to take) your mobile phone into class, it … (must) be turned off.

3. We … (not use) calculators when we … (write) tests.

4. If you … (to push) this button, the volume … (to increase).

5. If you … (to close) the door, it … (to lock) automatically.

№7. Put the verb in the brackets in the correct tense to form the First Conditional:

1) If he … (practice) every day, he … (become) a champion.

2) She … (help) us if we … (ask).

3) If they … (have) enough money, they … (open) a restaurant next year.

4) I … (not talk) to you anymore if you … (insult) me.

5) If Bob … (not keep) his word, Anna … (be angry) with him.

№8. Put the verb in the brackets in the correct tense to form the Second Conditional:

1. If you (drive) … more carefully, you (not have) … so many accidents.

2. If he (get up) … earlier, he (get) … to work on time.

3. If we (have) … more time, I (can/tell) …you more about it.

4. If you (sell) … more products, you (have) … more money.

5. His car (be) … a lot safer if he (buy) … some new tyres.

№9. Put the verb in the brackets in the correct tense to form the Third Conditional:

1. If you (ask) … me for the tickets, I (get) … you some.

2. If we (be born) … a year earlier, I (not have) … to do military service.

3. I (not marry) … if I (know) … what was like.

4. If I (go) … to university, I (get) … a better job.

5. If we (get) … to the cinema earlier, we (not miss) … the start of the film.

Lesson 7

Telephone conversations

№1. Read and translate the text:

Telephoning, in a language which is not your own, is not easy. You should be aware that the person you are speaking to may have difficulties too. Therefore, keep the following points in mind:

• Speak clearly. Use clear articulation and try to avoid difficult words and long sentences if it is not necessary to use them.

• Do not speak too fast. Keep in mind that many people tend to speak to fast when they are nervous. Hardly anyone ever speaks too slowly.

• Confirm what you have understood. This is especially important if the other person gives addresses or dates.

• Be polite. Start and end the conversation politely. Try to avoid being too direct. In English this is often done by using would. Compare: I want some more information - I would like to have some more information.

• Be efficient. Make sure that you have prepared the call and know what you want to say and how you want to say it in advance.

• Know the telephone alphabet. This is particularly important if you have to spell names and addresses. You should also know the names of symbols which are used in names and addresses, such as the hyphen and the tilde.

• Know frequently used expressions.

• Listen carefully, so that you do not need to ask the other person to repeat information

№2. Write the ways of saying “Greetings” and “Farewells”

Greetings	Farewells

№3. Answer the questions:

1. What word do we use before the surname of a man when we address him?

2. What word do we use when we address a man and we don’t know his name?

3. What word do we use before the surname of a married woman when we address her?

4. What word do we use before the surname of an unmarried woman or a young girl?

5. What do we say when we address a girl or a young woman?

6. What words do we say when we address a group of people (men and women)?

7. How do we greet our friends and what do they say in answer to our greeting?

8. What are the forms of greetings in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening?

9. What do we say when we thank people for something?

10. What other expressions of gratitude do we use?

11. What are the forms of apologies?

12. What words do we say when parting?

13.What do we say when we want to attract the attention of the person we don’t know?

№4. Match the following telephone expressions and translate them:

put a message?

repeat that?

Could you… read that back to me?

give me through to Mr./Mrs. …

take me your name?

leave to Mr. Wilson?

speak over that again?

Could I… have extension 103 please?

check that?

go a message?

to your advertisement.

about an appointment.

I’m phoning… to some information.

for confirm our meeting.

about see if you could attend a meeting on the 20^th.

№5. Put the sentences in the right order to make a telephone conversation.

1. Hold the line, please.

2. Could you leave a message?

3. 4684495.

4. Thank you. Goodbye.

5. Certainly.

6. Would you tell her Steve rang and asked her to ring back as soon as possible?

7. Goodbye.

8. All right.

9. Hello, Steve. White speaking. May I have a word with Sheila?

10. Yes, of course.

11. I’m afraid she’s gone out.

№6. Read, translate the dialogue and answer the questions:

R: Good morning. Can I help you?

S: I’d like to check in for a room here.

R: Have you made a reservation?

S: Yes, I have. My name’s Stock. I booked a suite with your hotel two weeks ago.

R: If you’ll wait a moment, sir, I’ll check it with the guest list. Yes, that’s right. A suite from today for five days.

S: Well, you see, my wife felt unwell yesterday and couldn’t come with me. Could I change this suite for something smaller?

R: Well, I really don’t know, sir. We’re rather full at the moment because of the trade fair. You should really have mentioned the change when you confirmed your reservation.

S: Yes, I know, but she seemed to be quite all right when I phoned you.

R: Just a moment, though. I’ll see what I can do. What kind of room do you have in mind?

S: A single room with bath, and somewhere away from the front of the hotel, if possible.

R: Oh, I’m sorry, sir, but all single rooms are engaged now. There are only two double rooms available.

S: Well, how much do you charge for a double room?

R: Doubles are 200 dollars per night.

S: I see… What kind of rooms are the double rooms?

R: Very nice rooms, sir. I can offer you a room overlooking the garden, and there’s another one facing the courtyard. They are both very quiet.

S: Do these rooms have a bath?

R: Yes, they all have baths and showers, TV sets, radios, telephones – direct dialing, a double bed, wall-to-wall carpeting, lamps: you name it, they have it.

S: And breakfast?

R: No breakfast. There’s a restaurant here in the hotel, which is separate from the hotel bill.

S: All right, fine. Um… then I’ll take the double room overlooking the garden.

R: Very good, sir. How long do you intend to stay?

S: Five days, if that’s possible.

R: No problem, and you can always extend your stay if necessary.

S: Fine. Could I check in now?

R: OK. Would you fill in the arrival card: your name, address, the license number of your car? And sign the register right here, please. That’s fine. Would you mind letting us know the day before you check out from the hotel? We can have your bill ready for you then.

S: Sure. By the way. can I have my dinner sent to my room?

R: Certainly. Just dial extension 5 for Room Service. Here are your hotel card and your key. Your room № is 245. I’ll call the bell-man, and he’ll take you and your cases to your room in the lift.

S: Thank you very much indeed.

R: You’re quite welcome. Enjoy your stay. And if you need any help, just give us a call.

1. What kind of reservation did Mr. Stock make with the hotel?

2. Why did the receptionist ask him to wait for a moment?

3. Why did Mr. Stock want to change the accommodation?

4. Why did the receptionist sound so uncertain about the possible change?

5. What kind of room did Mr. Stock want to have?

6. What rooms were available at the moment?

7. What kind of rooms were the doubles?

8. How much did the hotel charge for a double room?

9. Where could Mr. Stock have his meals?

10. What room did Mr. Stock take after all?

11. How long was Mr. Stock going to stay at the hotel?

12. When did he want to check in?

13. What was the procedure of checking in?

14. Why did the receptionist request Mr. Stock to warn the hotel about his departure?

15. Where was Mr. Stock going to have dinner?

16. How did he get to his room?

17. How could Mr. Stock settle his problems?

Lesson 8

Rules of business etiquette

№1. Read and translate the text “Good manners don’t cost a thing”.

In today’s fast-paced world, it is easy to forget some of the common courtesies that should be basic and non-negotiable. Unfortunately, many people appear to have forgotten the manners that were taught to them by their parents and grandparents and sadly, others do not appear to have ever been taught any manners at all.

Basic politeness. Showing politeness is not difficult. It is simple to say “please”, “thank you”, “you are welcome” and “excuse me”. These phrases show that a person is considerate of others. Even if someone is rude and your favourite person, it is better to be polite to them rather than sinking to their level. Do respect your coworker’s space. Offices, even if they are cubicles or open desks, should be respected as belonging to the “owner”.

Hold that door. This is a rule that goes not just apply to men anymore. Yes, men should still hold the door for ladies and allow them to enter or exit first, but ladies are not exempt from holding the door for their elders or someone who might have their hands full.

Be on time. There is nothing worse than to be kept waiting, and if you are the party who is late, it is just rude. If you tend to always run late, set your clocks ahead 10 or 15 minutes so that you will arrive on time.

Do not groom yourself on public. If you have something that needs scratching, combing or any other form of grooming, please do not do it in mixed company. Take your personal needs to the restroom or wait until you get home. Ladies, it is okay to quickly apply a little lipstick without using a mirror. It is not, however, okay to pull out a compact and a suitcase full of cosmetics and start redoing your face.

Keep gum chewing to a minimum. If you must chew gum for a legitimate reason such as having a bad breath or dry mouth, try to do it in your car. If it is absolutely necessary to chew a gum in a public place, please do not smack it or blow bubbles with it.

Turn the ringer off. When entering any public establishment, the first thing you should do is set your cell phone to vibrate. Remember you do not have to answer every call that voice mail is for. If you know that it is a call of importance, excuse yourself and move to the lobby or another room to take the call. Keep the call time short and let your caller know that you will return their call at your earliest convenience.

Keep the conversation polite. When engaging in conversation, whether it is at work or in a more social setting, never discuss money, religion or politics. These subjects are a powder keg waiting to explode. Simply put, good manners are a sign that you have consideration for others and good breeding.

№2. Answer the questions:

1. Do you know any rules of etiquette?

2. Is it difficult to be polite?

3. Who should hold the door for other people to allow them to enter or exit? Men or women?

4. What should you do if you are always late?

5. Should you groom yourself on public?

6. When should you set your cell phone to vibrate?

7. Is it polite to chew gum in public places?

8. How should you take the call in a company?

9. What topics are not correct for discussing at work or in a more social setting?

10. What are good manners?

№3. Find the endings of phrases:

1	It is better to be polite to the rude people…	a	…. to hold the door for someone who needs your help.
2	To be late and kept waiting ….	b	… that is voice mail is for.
3	If you need combing or any other form of grooming…	c	… that were taught to them by their parents
4	Every polite people won’t forget …	d	… rather than sinking to their level.
5	good manners are a sign…	e	because these subjects are a powder keg waiting to explode.
6	You do not have to answer every call,…	f	…go to the restroom.
7	Мany people have forgotten the manners…	g	that you have consideration for others and good breeding.
8	Never discuss money, religion or politics at any social setting…	i	…. it is just rude.

№4. Read the dialogue “Arranging an Appointment Over the Phone” and answer the questions:

- Northern Flavour Ltd. Good morning.

- Morning. This is Martin Ross of International Express in Zurich. I am trying to get hold of Mr.Tomlin. Could you connect me with him, please?

- Just a second...Sorry, caller, but there's no reply. I'll see if he is in his office. Your name was…

- It's Martin Ross, R-O-S-S. We met at Berlin trade fair.

- Right... I'll try to catch him on the pager.

- Tomlin speaking.

- Hallo, Martin Ross here, you asked me to call you when I was back home.

- Oh, Martin, good to hear from you. You must be phoning about our equipment.

- Exactly. The thing is I'll be in Copenhagen next week. I wonder if we could meet ...

- Oh, yes. We remember your enquiry.

- Is it OK if I come to your place during my visit?

- Sure. Is the beginning of next week convenient for you?

- Well yes. I'm arriving on Monday, that's the 9th of June. Tuesday will be all right, I think. What time would you prefer? Shall we say at 11.30?

- Let me see... Afraid I'm engaged till afternoon. How about 14.30?

- That suits me perfectly.

- & Martin, I don't think you know how to get to our offices, do you? Shall I pick you up at about a quarter past two? I'll show you round our works and we can work out the terms of our contract then.

- Oh, that would be great. I'll be staying at Continental Star Hotel.

- That's fixed then. Have a nice weekend.

- Thanks, you too, Harry. Good-bye.

1. Where is Martin Ross from?

2. Whom could he connect with per telephone?

3. Where did Martin Ross and Mr.Tomlin meet?

4. When will Martin Ross leave to Copenhagen?

5. Where will he be staying in Copenhagen?

6. When did they decide to meet in Copenhagen?

7. What is the purpose of their meeting?

№5. True or false?

1) Martin Ross is a manager at Northern Flavour Ltd.

2) The office where Martin Ross works is in Zurich.

3) Martin Ross and Mr.Tomlin decided to meet in Copenhagen at Continental Star Hotel at 11.30.

4) Mr.Tomlin wanted to show Martin Ross round his works but he hadn’t time.

5) The colleagues work out the terms of the contract on the 9^th of June Tuesday at14.30.

№6. Match the parts of the proverb and give the Russian equivalents:

1) Rome was not built… 2) What is done … 3) Easily earned money … 4) When in Rome, … 5) The squeaky wheel …

а) … cannot be undone. b) … is quickly spent. c) … in a day. d) … gets the grease. e) … do as the Romans.

№7. Make up “Business Etiquette from Around the World” (5-7 countries). Use Internet sites:

Country	Business Etiquette

Lesson 9

Conflict resolution

№1. Read and translate:

Problem is a situation, person, or thing that needs attention and needs to be dealt with or solved.

Conflict is an active disagreement between people with opposing opinions or principles.

Resolution is the act of solving a problem or finding a way to improve a difficult situation

№2. Read and translate the text “How to Avoid Conflict in the Workplace”:

In almost every area of our lives, conflict seems to arise occasionally. However, when it pops up in the workplace, it becomes an important goal for everyone involved to properly manage and resolve it. People with various egos, values, opinions and goals are often brought together by businesses. Because of this, conflict can arise especially if expectations not clearly set or if the workplace undergoes a significant change. When managing conflict, the proverb "prevention is better than cure" always ring true. An employer that prevents conflict from happening altogether is better than one that manages it properly. Here are a few tips on preventing simple conflict in the workplace.

1. Focus on Communication. Healthy and relevant communication is one of the foundations of conflict prevention and resolution. Make sure that each employee has the opportunity to speak his or her mind by instituting a formal communication system and encouraging them to use it appropriately. This strategy not only gives you an opportunity to anticipate future problems, it also helps employees keep their frustrations at bay by venting them out through the proper channels.

2. Recognize Employees. In addition to boosting over-all morale, employee reward programs and special events also provide an opportunity for team-building. When your business is filled with happy and motivated employees, you will realize that the modest financial investment it takes to implement these programs indeed pay off in the long run. Recognize your employees and show them you care about their happiness in unexpected ways like giving out impromptu rewards. Just as an unexpected gift from a spouse or friend would brighten your day, you can do the same for your employees.

3. Stay in Touch. It is important for managers to be aware of what is happening "on the floor." Problems go unnoticed and often get out of control when you hide behind your office. To avoid being caught by your employees' discontent and workday issues, you should strike up casual conversations with them on a regular basis.

4. Resolving Conflict. Handle conflict as quickly and efficiently as possible, if and when it arises. When scheduling a meeting to deal the conflict, be sure to include human resource (HR) department representatives and anyone else involved with it. Use the meeting to define the problem and allow both sides to share his or her views on that problem. In the meeting, place emphasis on the resulting feelings because of the conflict and on suggestions to resolve the issue. As their employer, help your employees come to an agreement on their terms but they can't, create resolution that is best for the business and everyone involved. To ensure the resolution's effectiveness, check in with each employee in a few days or weeks. Learn how mediation can help you resolve any commercial and business disputes through interest-based bargaining.

№3. Answer the questions:

1) Where can a conflict arise?

2) Does a conflict become an important goal for everyone involved to properly manage and resolve it?

3) What tips on preventing simple conflict in the workplace do you know?

4) Healthy food is one of the foundations of conflict prevention and resolution isn’t it?

5) Should or shouldn’t you handle conflict as quickly and efficiently as possible?

№4. Give the Russian for:

to arise occasionally, to be often brought together by businesses, "prevention is better than cure", focus on communication, the opportunity to speak his or her mind, to anticipate future problems, to keep their frustrations at bay, to recognize employees, in addition to boosting over-all morale, to provide an opportunity for team-building, to pay off in the long run, giving out impromptu rewards, problems go unnoticed and often get out of control, to stay in touch, to hide behind your office, to strike up casual conversations, to handle conflict as quickly and efficiently as possible, to be sure to include human resource (HR) department representatives, to share his or her views on that problem, to place emphasis on the resulting feelings, to come to an agreement on their terms, to resolve any commercial and business disputes through interest based bargaining

№5. Match the words in the left column with their meanings in the right one:

1. workplace 2. conflict 3. employer 4. employee 5. tip 6. to avoid 7. to arise 8. to institute 9. to anticipate 10. to handle

a) to deal with or control a situation, a person, an area of work or a strong emotion b) a situation in which people, groups or countries are involved in a serious disagreement or argument c) a small piece of advice about smth practical d) the office, factory, etc. where people work e) to prevent smth bad from happening f) a person or company that pays people to work for them g) to expect smth h) a person who is paid to work for sb i) to happen; to start to exist j) to introduce a system, policy, etc. or start a process

№6. Match the words with their opposite meaning, translate them:

attentively, confident, contrary, to criticize, to hurt, to relax, to be nervous, inattentively, sense of humour, similar, lack of sense of humour, to shout, to help, to whisper, shy, to argue, to support, to agree, to bully, to comfort.

№7. Classify the words and word combinations into three groups and translate them:

- the first group finds out the feelings, which conflict causes;

- the second group writes down the verbs of the description of the conflicts;

- the third group enumerates the reasons of the conflicts.

to be upset, to discriminate, to have different values, unhappy, to shout, angry, to betray, to have fights, nervous, to break rights, annoying, to misunderstand, violent, to trouble people, unfriendly, to argue, to ignore, to envy, to disagree, unfair, to hurt, to tell lies, to bully classmates, to criticize.

№8. Of all the meanings of the word choose the meaning of the word in which it is used in the text:

1. to avoid

a) to prevent smth bad from happening

b) to keep away from sb/smth; to try not to do smth

c) to prevent yourself from hitting smth

2. to arise

a) (especially of a problem or a difficult situation) to happen; to start to exist

b) (out of/from smth) to happen as a result of a particular situation

c) to get out of bed; stand up

3. to anticipate

a) to expect smth

b) to see what might happen in the future and take action to prepare for it

c) to think with pleasure and excitement about smth that is going to happen

4. to handle

a) to deal with or control a situation, a person, an area of work or a strong emotion

b) to touch, hold or move smth with your hands

c) to control a vehicle, an animal, a tool, etc.

5. to pop

a) to make a short explosive sound; to cause smth to make this sound

b) to burst, or to make smth burst, with a short explosive sound

c) to suddenly appear especially when not expected

№9. Insert the prepositions where it is necessary:

1. An employer that prevents conflict … happening altogether is better than one that manages it properly.

2. Healthy and relevant communication is one … the foundations … conflict prevention and resolution.

3. It is important … managers to be aware … what is happening "on the floor."

4. Problems go unnoticed and often get … of control when you hide … your office.

5. When scheduling a meeting to deal … the conflict, be sure to include HR representatives and anyone else involved … it.

6. As their employer, help … your employees come … an agreement on their terms.

7. To ensure the resolution's effectiveness, check … with each employee … a few days or weeks.

8. Learn how mediation can help … you resolve any commercial and business disputes … interest-based bargaining