Пассивный залог (продвинутый вариант)

Passive Voice

МБОУ СОШ №20

Content

• The Use

• Formation

• Intransitive Verbs

• Useful Tips

• Tenses

• Positive, Negative, Interrogative

• Other Structures

• Dependent Prepositions

• Exercises

The Use

1. We don’t know who the subject is, or it’s not important.

Somebody cleaned the room . The room was cleaned.

2. When it is obvious who the subject is because it is the person who usually does it:

The cleaner cleaned the room . The room was cleaned.

Passive

Voice

Formation

Active sentence:

Subject + Verb + Object

• Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin* in 1928

Passive sentence:

Subject + Be + Past Participle

• Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928

*[ˌpenɪ'sɪlɪn]

Intransitive Verbs

• Some verbs don’t need an object . Some sentences are complete without an object .

John slept well.

The Jonson's live far away.

Useful Tips

• It the active sentence begins with ‘no-one’ or ‘nobody’, the passive sentence will be negative

• Nobody watched TV .

• TV was not watched .

• A preposition between the verb and the object in Active Voice goes after the verb in Passive.

• I am looking for the textbook .

• The textbook is being looked for .

Tenses in Passive Voice

Tense

Active

Passive

Tenses in Passive Voice

Tense

Active

Passive

Positive, Negative & Interrogative

Active

Passive

He sings a song . He does not sing a song .

Does   he sing a song ?

A song   is  sung by him . A song   is  not sung by him . Is   a song sung by him ?

Passive Voice in Other Structures

• Do – to be done

1. Be going to

• I ’m going to do it. .

• It is going to be done .

2. Have to

• I have to do it. . It has to be done .

3. Used to

I used to do it. . It used to be done. .

4. Modals ( can, may, must etc.)

I must do it. . It must be done. .

Passive

Voice

Dependent Prepositions: ‘by’, ‘with’, ‘of’

• The wall is painted with yellow paint.
• Thy wall is painted by a painter.
• The table was made of wood.

means

Passive

Voice

doer

material

• means
• material
• doer of the action

Dependent Prepositions: ‘with’ and ‘for’

• The air was replaced with nitrogen*.
• Are you popular with your students?
• Her help was taken for granted.

filling

Passive

Voice

among

belief

• filling
• belief
• among

* ['naɪtrəʤən]

Exercises: fill in the gaps

• A big tree was blown down …. the strong winds.
• The room was filled …. smoke.
• She is often mistaken …. her sister.
• A spoilt child is rarely popular …. other children.
• My shirt is made …. silk.
• The radio was invented …. Marconi.
• Some eastern dishes are eaten …. fingers.

Passive

Voice

Exercises

• A big tree was blown down by the strong winds.
• The room was filled with smoke.
• She is often mistaken for her sister.
• A spoilt child is rarely popular with other children.
• My shirt is made of silk.
• The radio was invented by Marconi.
• Some eastern dishes are eaten with fingers.

Passive

Voice

Exercises: translate

• Я родился в бедной семье.
• Меня учили в бедной школе.
• После учебы меня послали на практику в Африку.
• Вначале я не был популярен среди населения.
• Затем меня полностью приняли.
• После года работы меня вызвали в Москву.
• Перед отъездом жители подарили мне дорогие часы.

Passive

Voice

Exercises: translate

• I was born to a poor family.
• I was taught in a poor school.
• After study, I was sent to Africa for practice.
• I was not popular with the citizens at the beginning.
• Then I was accepted fully.
• I was required to Moscow in a year of working.
• I was gifted with an expensive watch by the citizens before departure.

Passive

Voice

"Not everything that counts can be counted, and not everything that can be counted counts.“

Albert Einstein

«Не все, что считается важным, можно посчитать, и не все, что можно посчитать, считается важным»