Презентация на тему "Conditionals"

CONDITIONAL

Usage

Type

General truths

Zero

A possible condition and its probable result

Type 1

A hypothetical condition and its probable result

Type 2

An unreal past condition and its probable result in the past

Type 3

An unreal past condition and its probable result in the present

Mixed type

CONDITIONAL

If clause verb tense

Conditional sentence type

Main clause verb tense

Zero

Simple present

Simple present

Simple present

Type 1

Simple future

Simple past

Type 2

Present conditional or Present continuous conditional

Past perfect

Type 3

Perfect conditional

Mixed type

Past perfect

Present conditional

Condition (условие)

Real

Subordinate clause (придаточное предл-е)

Present/Future (Type 0)

Principal clause (главное предл-е)

Present Simple

Translation (перевод)

If (when) you  heat  water,

Present Simple

Present/Future (Type 1)

If people  need  money,

без БЫ

it  boils .

Present Simple/Cont.

they  borrow  it from banks.

If it  looks  like rain,

will + Infinitive

we’ ll stay  at home.

If I  have  more time,

Unreal

If he  is working  on Friday,

Present/Future (Type 2)

I’ ll come  over.

he  won’t be able to  go with us.

Past Simple/Cont.

If I  were  you,

would/could/might  + Infinitive

If I  had  more time,

БЫ

I  would go  there myself.

I  would come  over.

If you  knew  him better,

Past (Type 3)

If it  were not raining,

you  wouldn’t think  so.

Past Perfect

I  could go out .

would/could  +  have  + Participle II

If you  had gone  there,

If it  hadn’t been  so hot last summer,

you  would have seen  him.

we  could have gone  to the South.

TYPE 1

IF

PRESENT SIMPLE

FUTURE SIMPLE  

If the weather  is  fine, we  will go  for a walk

If I  get  this job, I  will earn a lot of money .

If I  go  to London, I  will see  the Tower of London

If you  don’t hurry , we  will miss  the train.

IF

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

FUTURE SIMPLE

- If you  are watching  TV, I  will soon join  you. – Если ты смотришь телевизор, то скоро я к тебе присоединюсь. (Действие происходит в момент речи).

- If he  is having  a meeting at the moment, I  will  call  him later. – Если он сeйчас на встрече,то я перезвоню позже. (Действие происходит в момент речи).

- If they  are going  to Africa, they  must have  all the injections. – Если они едут в Африку, они должны сделать все прививки. (Будущее запланированное действие).

IF

PRESENT SIMPLE

MODAL VERB + BARE INFINITIVE

- If you know English, you can understand him. (ability).

- If you lend me your dress, you can take my blouse. (permission).

- If you tidy your room, you may come with your friends. (permission).

- If she is an entrepreneur, she must pay the tax. (obligation).

- If he has a toothache, he should see a dentist (advice).

IF

UNLESS

UNLESS

IF NOT

If you  don’t hurry , we  will miss  the train.

Unless  you  hurry , we  will miss  the train.

Unless you apologize to her, she won’t forgive you.

Unless he сomes in time, the meeting will be started without him.

Put the verbs in the brackets into the Present Indefinite or the Future Indefinite Tense.

• If Peter __________ (come) to my place, we__________  (go) to play in the yard.
• If Peter__________ (not  come) to my place, I __________ (watch) TV.
• If Frank’s parents__________ (have) their holidays in summer, they __________ (go) to the seaside.
• If they __________ (have) their holidays in winter, they __________ (stay) at home.
• If the fog _______ (thicken), Harold _______ (put up) the tent for the night.
• When I _______ (finish) my work, I_______ (go) to the cinema.
• We_______ (buy) this book as soon as our mother_______ (give) us some money.
• When we _______ (come) to your place you_______ (show) us your present.
• I_______ (return) you your ring when you_______ (ask) me.
• I_______ (wait) for my friend until he_______ (come) from the shop.
• My father_______ (start) writing before the sun _______ (rise).
• As soon as you _______ (finish) your study I_______ (present) you with a new flat.

IF   Past Simple,

WOULD  V1

IF  Past Simple,

WOULD

If   I lived near the sea,

V1

I would

If   we had a million,

we would

sunbathe every day.

If  he knew English,

help the poor.

he would

find a good job.

- If I  were  very rich, I would buy what I want. But I'm not so rich.

- If he  were  strong, he would lift this box. Unfortunately, he is not strong enough.

- If she  were  here, she would help us. She is not here now, so she can't help us.

IF    Past Continuous,

WOULD

V1

Если бы она сейчас  шла  в магазин, она бы купила тебе конфет, но она идет на работу. – If she  were going  to the shop now, she would buy you some sweets, but she is going to work.

Если бы я сейчас  вел  машину, я бы ехал медленно. А ты едешь быстро. – If I  were driving , I would drive slowly. And you are driving fast.

IF   Past Simple,

              Past Continuous,

WOULD

V1

COULD

MIGHT

If people had wings, they could fly

If I were taller, I might be a good basketball player.

Insert the verbs in the appropriate form to form second conditionals.

• Binnerts _____________ (may) look for some sources on Dracula, if there__________ (be) any.
• If the police__________ (turn) the robber out he ___________ (do) it again.
• Molly’s face says 'I __________ (love) you if ______ I but I can't...’
• These legends ___________ (draw) them on, if only they _________ (have) no time to think realistic.
• If the King __________ (employ) an agent it (certainly be) you.
• If Greg ____________ (not have) money enough to move to another town, we____________ (give) it to him.
• If Mollenhauer and Butler and___________ (can) get together, it ___________ (be) a very different matter.
• If it ____________ (be) up to me, I _________ (have) my helicopter airborne.
• `___________ (not can) you know more, if you _________ (think) proper?’
• You _________ (can) write every month if you _________ (like).

Translate the second conditional sentences into English.

• Если бы я был актером, я бы ненавидел это.
• Я была бы очень признательна, если бы Вы дали мне какую-нибудь чистую тряпочку, чтобы завязать палец.
• Билли злился бы еще больше, если бы Моли не заплакала.
• Если бы даже я и была влюблена в Грега, то вы были бы последним человеком, которому бы я призналась.
• У нас было бы даже больше шансов, будь мы на острове.
• Во всем можно было бы разобраться, если бы люди говорили бы друг с другом.
• Убийца бы даже сильно удивился, если бы полицейские не вели за ним пристального наблюдения.
• Может, Катя была бы добрее к мужчине, будь он её родственником.

TYPE 3

If we had left earlier, we would have caught a train. If he had studied better, he would have got a job.

- If I had bought that watch  yesterday, I would have spent all my money.

- If we hadn't known Alex, we would have believed him.

- If you had set up an alarm clock, you wouldn't have been late. - If they hadn't hesitated, they would have got control of the situation.

Could : If he hadn't been drunk, he could have driven a car. If we had been friends with them, we could have asked for help.

Might  : If he hadn't dropped out, he might have become a scientist If she had said "Yes", we might have been a nice couple

Should : If you had knew about their plan, you should have told me. If she had helped us, we should have thanked her.

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.

• If the government ____________ (give) more money to the factory it _____________ (not close).
• If the government ___________ (build) flood barriers, we __________ (not have) the floods last year.
• If Dan ___________ (know) how to swim, he ____________ (not drown).
• If Molly __________ (listen) to the weather- forecast, she ______________ (know) it was going to rain.
• If Greg _____________ (tell) me he was ill, I  ____________  (be) more sympathetic.
• If she __________ (prepare) for the exam, she  __________ (pass) it.
• If Bill _________ (see) the house, he ________ ( not buy) it.
• These words ___________ (roughly express) Bob’s feelings, if he __________ (be) capable of reasoning.
• But what ___________ (you do), if you ________ (see) what I saw.
• It ___________ (be) all done though, if Jill __________ (help) at the right time.

Mixed conditionals

- If Max were a good student, he would have passed the test. - If Max were not a bad student, he would have passed the test. - If Max were a good student, he would not have failed the test. - If Max were not a bad student, he would not have failed the test.

IF Past Simple

The main would have done

- If I could speak French, I would have understood him. - I would have understood him if I could speak French.

- If we liked dancing, we would have visited the party. - We would have visited the party, if we liked dancing.

- If I had gone through the center, I would be stuck in a traffic jam now.

- If the students had done the home task, they would be able to answer the professor's questions.

- If they missed the train, they won't be here in time.

- If he told her the news, she will tell us .

• If you are so rich, you would have bought a more expensive car.

- If he is so intelligent, he would have got a better job.

Разделите эти условные предложения смешанного типа на 2 группы:

А. IF + 2ND CONDITIONAL | 3RD CONDITIONAL

В. IF + 3RD CONDITIONAL | 2ND CONDITIONAL

• If I were you, I would have bought that violet hat.
• If Jillian had studied at school, she would have a diploma now.
• If Nick had turned in his application, he would probably be working here now.
• If our parents had recorded that show last night, the children could watch it now.
• If Rosemary had not called Sally, they wouldn't be going to the party tomorrow.
• If Nataly and Liz had finished the chores, they would be able to watch TV now.
• If the TV set had not broken, the boys would watch the game this weekend.
• If Jim spoke better French, he could have got that job.
• If you were smarter, you wouldn't have borrowed money from Sam.

• Melody wouldn’t have come/ wouldn’t come by bus if she could / can drive.
• If I was / were him, I will not quit / wouldn't have quit my work until I'd found another one.
• You were not / are not so tired if you went / 'd gone to bed earlier.
• David went / would go to Kenya next month if he had got/ would have got the job yesterday.
• If we won / had won lottery last night, we will / would be rich now.

• If I __________ (not go) on my business trip next week, I ____________ (accept) that assignment at work yesterday.
• If Sam ________ (take) an aspirin, she _________ (have) a headache now
• If Kate ______ (have) enough money, she________ (can do) this trip to Hawaii last year.
• If he _________ (take) the medication as prescribed, Anthony _________ (be lying) sick in bed.
• If old Sam __________ (not run) after the car thief and _________ (not suffer) a heart attack, he ___________ (be) alive today.
• If he __________ (not be) such a poor dancer, Nickolas __________ (get) a job in that musical last week.
• If Polly _________ (not be) so blind to Jack’s faults, she ___________ (realize) that Jack was out to swindle her.