Презентация по теме Conditionals

CONDITIONALS

made by Pronina V.V.

Sevastopol, 2016

ZERO CONDITIONAL

If you don’t water flowers, they die .

If you have a headache, stop watching TV.

If clause: PRESENT SIMPLE

Main clause: PRESENT SIMPLE or IMPERATIVE

With zero conditional

we express a general truth or we give advice .

FIRST CONDITIONAL

If the weather is nice, we will go for a walk.

If you don’t apologize , she will never trust you again.

If clause: PRESENT SIMPLE

Main clause: FUTURE SIMPLE

The first conditional refers to the present and future . It expresses a possible condition and its probable result in the future .

SECOND CONDITIONAL

Jack wants to buy a house but he can’t do this because he doesn’t have any money.

If I had a lot of money, I would buy a big house.

SECOND CONDITIONAL

Susan wants to phone Paul but she can’t do this because she doesn’t know his number.

If I knew his number, I would phone him.

SECOND CONDITIONAL

If I had a lot of money, I would buy a big house.

If I knew his number, I would phone him.

if-clause: PAST TENSE SIMPLE

main clause: PRESENT CONDITIONAL would + infinitive

The second conditional refers to the present and future .

It expresses an unreal situation and its probable result.

The situation or condition is improbable, impossible,

imaginary , or contrary to known facts.

FIRST v. SECOND CONDITIONAL

If John runs fast, he will win the race.

This is still possible to happen.

If John ran fast, he would win the race.

This is unlikely to happen because John doesn’t run fast.

THE DIFFERENCE: FIRST and SECOND CONDITIONAL

Both conditionals refer to the present and future . The difference is about probability , not time .

First conditional: real and possible situations

Second conditional: unlikely to happen

THIRD CONDITIONAL

Jack wanted to buy a house last year but he couldn’t do that because he didn’t have any money.

If I had had a lot of money, I would have bought a big house.

THIRD CONDITIONAL

Yesterday , Susan wanted to phone Paul but she couldn’t do that because she didn’t know his number.

If I had known his number, I would have phoned him.

THIRD CONDITIONAL

If I had had a lot of money, I would have bought a big house.

If I had known his number, I would have phoned him.

if-clause: PAST PERFECT SIMPLE

main clause: PAST CONDITIONAL would + have + past participle

The third conditional refers to the past and

it is not based on facts . It expresses the situation

which is contrary to reality in the past.

SECOND v. THIRD CONDITIONAL

If I saw a car accident, I would call an ambulance .

But I don’t see an accident now. This is unlikely to happen .

If I had seen a car accident, I would have call ed an ambulance .

But I didn’t see an accident yesterday. This is contrary to the fact in the past.

THE DIFFERENCE: SECOND and THIRD CONDITIONAL

The difference is about time .

Second conditional: refers to the present and future Third conditional: refers to the past situations

ALL CONDITIONALS

0. If he drive s carefully, he avoid s the accident.

General time reference.

1. If he drive s carefully, he will a void the accident tomorrow .

This is still possible to happen.

2. If he dr ove carefully, he would a void the accident today .

But he doesn’t drive carefully. This is unlikely to happen.

3. If he had driven carefully, he would have a void ed the accident yesterday .

But he didn’t drive carefully, so he didn’t avoid the accident.

THE END