Презентация "Традиции и обычаи разных стран мира. Корея, Китай, Тайланд."

The traditions and customs of different countries of the world. Korea, China, Thailand

the traditions and customs of different countries of the world

Korea

Korea

Culture

Despite the fact that the current division of the Korean Peninsula into North and South Korea has led to significant differences in the modern culture of both countries, traditions and customs of the Korean's people and Korean's culture are generally the same for both countries. Let us consider in details the main components of Korean's culture

Dance

Since olden times, since the reign of the Koryo dynasty, Korea had a big impact dance. There are so many traditional dances, such as dance swords, dance with fans, dancing monk, jester, peasant, etc. as They performed at the Imperial court, and in the villages the villagers staged shows. Now, dance is such an important part of life in modern Korea, but there are many schools, many universities in Korea folk dance is taught as an academic subject.

Painting

Painting

Painting is an integral part of the culture of Korea. It is the influence of culture, but in itself it specific and distinctive. Of particular interest is a deadlift painting, formed during the reign of the Joseon dynasty. Painted on silk, paper, special fabrics, vegetable, mineral paints, or ink. If the art painting reflects the original vision of the world through the eyes of the artist, folk art showed everyday life and problems of everyday life. We can say that the painting existed and evolved in two directions, and have left behind immortal works.

Korean garden

Few people know, but a traditional Korean garden, there are more than two thousand years. It is similar to the landscape Park, few people participate in its formation. All of the gardens include elements such as streams, round ponds, shaped trees, waterfalls, rock garden, hills, reminiscent of the mountains. The harmony here is not dependent on the specific details. Harmony creates all the variety of shapes and sizes here. Traditional Korean gardens are divided in France (Nantes), Mexico city (Chapultepec zoo), Turkey (Ankara),

Hanbok

Hanbok – traditional national costume, consisting of Chogori (blouse) and chima (skirt) for women and paji for men. Is clothing for official receptions, celebrations and festivals. But there are hanbok that can be worn as a casual dress. They are made of cheaper fabrics and easy to take care of them.

Kitchen

It is known that modern Korean culture every year borrowing more and more elements of European culture but something remains the same, namely the national kitchen. The basis, as in most Asian countries is rice. Nevertheless, traditional Korean cuisine has a number of distinctive, even peculiar features. For example, many of the dishes are rife with spices, especially red pepper, and all because Korea is a country of warm and southern, and pepper allows you to preserve the freshness of products, and over time, the concept of "delicious" and "spicy" have become synonymous. Along with pepper are used such seasonings as soy sauce and soybean paste. But Koryo-Saram for giving dishes a special taste, in large quantities use coriander.

Holidays in Korea

Like many countries, Korea has its own national holidays which are usually celebrated with special, Korean scale.

Sallal Korean new year

Sollal

Traditionally this holiday is celebrated on the first day of the lunar calendar. Holiday lasts for three days, and at this time I decided to dress up in hanbok, to go to her parents or to his hometown, to go to the beach to meet the first rays of the sun. Also, these days commemorate the dead ancestors by preparing special foods and carrying out the ritual called char. In Sollal the children congratulate their parents, necessarily bowing to the floor, and the person becomes a year older.

Liberation day

Annually this holiday is celebrated in North and South Korea on 15 August. On this day Japan liberated Korea from colonial rule. In this day held an official ceremony involving many dignitaries of the country. Everywhere were hung flags of the country, and traditionally on this day pardoned several prisoners.

Chuseok

The holiday falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth month of the Oriental calendar. Weekend – the day before and day after the holiday. A few days before the feast of Koreans are buying products and gifts, buying tickets for trains and planes to go to his hometown. In a festive day in the morning to be served and commemorate the ancestors or carry dishes to the cemetery. On the pillars, tied the sheaves of cereals, thanks to the gods for the harvest, buy a house. Girls and women perform traditional dance Ganggangsullae, and children with fathers launched into the sky kites.

Korean wedding

Korean wedding

Modern Korean wedding is not like any traditional Korean wedding, nor European. New traditions and customs of Korean people was formed only about fifty years ago, but they are firmly entrenched and universally used by all Koreans.

Wedding traditions and customs of the Korean people has largely changed in recent years. Since the sixties of the wedding ceremony is usually carried out in the so-called "ritual" halls. But most of the weddings are held in restaurants or meeting halls of hotels. Guests arriving for the ceremony, be sure to bring a gift to the newlyweds, usually money. Also the bride and groom is a kind of waiting room, where guests can be photographed with them. The traditional hanbok came the "traditional" European outfits – wedding dress and suit. Wedding open event. Often in addition to present photographer videographer. Instead of the usual March of Mendelssohn plays the wedding March Wagner, rarely used in other countries. First in the hall comes the groom, then the bride quotes father. The most important role in a wedding ceremony is a person who conducts the ritual. This is usually a close relative or friend of the bridegroom. The whole ceremony lasts about half an hour, after which the young couple and guests depart at the ceremonial Banquet. After the start the young wear traditional outfits and go to a designated room where lunch with his parents. Usually right after the wedding, the couple goes on a journey.

Birthday Celebrations

First birthday child – a special date. Often, the preparation for this holiday begins even before the birth of the baby. This day invited a large number of guests, and the ceremony is often arranged outside the home. Guests bring gifts for the baby, congratulate him, followed by a traditional ritual that determines the fate of the child. On the table in front dressed up in hanbok child put different objects, each of which carries a special meaning. From the fact that the baby will take up his destiny. For example, if a handful of grains, he will never go hungry. Thread promise a long life, and the book is a rich mind. After this, the traditional Banquet, to which parents of a child bowing to the floor, thanks the guests for coming. And so passes the first birthday.

Birthday Celebrations

Today's fast-changing world, traditions and customs of the Korean people give meaning to the life of the Koreans handed down from generation to generation. After all, the economic situation can be restored, and the lost traditions and culture are not to return to anyone.

China

China

The basic customs and traditions of China

China is a wonderful and beautiful country, which annually attracts millions of tourists from all corners of the globe to experience not only the sights, but to see the life of local people, their culture.

The staple food in the South is rice, and the inhabitants of the Northern regions give preference to flour products. Uzbeks, Kazakhs and Uyghurs like to eat mutton. The Mongols held in high esteem fried fatty, Koreans eat cold noodles. As for dress codes, there are also differences: manjuri wearing the "qipao" (a woman's dress with the typical Chinese embroidery and paintings); the Tibetans – Chubu (long caftan); the Uighurs – embroidered skullcaps; women of ethnic Miao skirt with many ruffles.

Most of the Chinese traditions associated primarily with the etiquette, ceremonies, and gift-giving. Etiquette has found its manifestation in the world-famous Proverbs and sayings, such as "Courtesy requires reciprocity", "Courtesy is very much appreciated and costs nothing" and other. It should be noted that the Chinese differ in such qualities as perseverance, diligence, courtesy, kindness, hospitality, thrift, patriotism, respect and patience. Therefore, going on a journey in this fabulous and mysterious country, you can not only discover many new and interesting but also safe to rely on the good-natured and warm welcome of the locals!

However, in order not to offend the locals and not feel like a stranger in this country, should be aware of certain rules of behavior in society:- the main form of greeting with foreigners is a handshake;- as gifts should not give scissors, knives and other sharp objects, as they are for the Chinese refer to the rupture of relations; also you should not give straw sandals, flowers, a watch and handkerchief, because these things symbolize death;- if you gave a gift, it is correct it will open at home, not at the time of receipt;- I come to China, you need to learn how to use their traditional instruments, as there does not eat with forks;- tourists should not wear bright clothing to attract attention, because she is not welcomed by the locals.

Tea ceremony

Tea ceremony in the life of the Chinese people occupies a special place. For them, the tea party is not just the use of the drink, and much more – this is the way to achieve inner harmony and bliss. In the language of the Chinese word «Cha" means "the wisest of all plants", and the action itself sounds like "Gong Fu Cha" (the highest skill of the tea party). In order to fully reveal the taste and aroma of tea, there are certain ways of brewing, and also the mood and a special atmosphere: soothing music, cozy atmosphere, exquisite small dishes.

Depending on the time of year the Chinese usually drink different varieties of tea: the summer is green tea, spring flowers, autumn – young green, and in winter, tart black. Besides the Chinese there are several types of tea for special circumstances.1. The tea party as a sign of respect – means showing respect the elders, i.e. the family weekend invite their older relatives to the restaurant to enjoy a Cup of tea, thereby showing them respect.2. The tea party as the reason for the family meeting stresses the importance of family values.3. The tea party as a way of asking forgiveness. Usually in such situations, it is apologetic as a sign of sincere repentance should pour the tea to the person with whom he wants to ask forgiveness.4. Tea party wedding – the bride and groom as a sign of expressing gratitude to parents and serves them tea, while on his knees.

Chinese wedding

Traditional Chinese wedding for a long time was considered a very beautiful and colorful ritual. And today preserved some elements of this wedding procession. Pair before choosing the wedding date, guided by specially composed for this event horoscope. It should be noted that odd days are not suitable for weddings.- The night before the wedding, the bride should not see her groom. - Despite the fact that today, many brides began to prefer not the traditional red dress, a white European, in their wedding attire, must attend at least one item of red. Mostly brides choose red shoes or gloves, and this color is present in the invitation card and gifts decoration. After all, since ancient times, the color red in Chinese symbolizes love, prosperity, joy and happiness. - Special attention is given to the tea ceremony that suits the couple for their parents. During the ceremony the bride and groom are supposed to show respect to parents, standing in front of them on their knees.- As for the cuisine, the number of dishes at every wedding table should not be less than 12, and each of the dishes should be called beautiful.

Family values

China belongs to those types of countries, where family life and family values form the basis of individual and social human life. An important principle of morality in Chinese society is respect and reverence for elders: children must honor their parents; the wife should listen to husband, and he, in turn, is obliged to provide her with comfortable accommodation and to follow the continuation of the species. Recently, however, due to the current demographic situation in China, the family is allowed to have one child.

Thailand

Thailand

Every nation on the planet has its own traditions and customs, cherished, and passed down from generation to generation. Similarly, the Thai people have to anyone that is not like other customs and traditions, which sometimes results in a loss to European tourists. And all due to the fact that it's a completely different, very colorful culture, closely associated with the Buddhist religion, with deep religiosity of the Thai people in our days to honor and worship the spirits of nature. In the Thai calendar many festivals which are celebrated over the entire Kingdom, forcing foreign tourists to admire the ability of Thai people in simple things that surround us every day, to put a special meaning, its philosophy of life, and all because the Thais live with pleasure and get pleasure from each day life, and this is now a rarity.

The example is one of the most beautiful festivals in Thailand - Loy Krathong (Loi Krathong), is dedicated to the water spirits. It takes place in November on the day of the full moon. Thais, blowing on the rivers, their boats, krathongs, in which candles and lay flowers, coins, incense, firmly believe that on this night the spirits of water wash away the sins committed in the previous year. Or the Thai new year Songkran (Songkran Festival), is celebrated not under the chiming clock, champagne and a celebratory feast, and on the street right and left, showering passers-by with water.

Traditionally, Thai cities and villages were built near water (rivers and lakes), usually the houses were built on stilts to prevent flooding of the area during the rainy season. With the construction of the house linked the occasion of laying the first pile. Even now, you can see the construction of a new house, the pile is tied with colored ribbons, to attract guardian spirits of the house.

A special relationship among Thais and to the flowers, they love to breed orchids (more than 3 thousand species), is why Amateur gardeners, often bring with relaxing, high-quality tubers of orchids, the most exotic of colors. And on the first Friday of February, in the Northern city of Chiang Mai, is a very beautiful and spectacular Festival of flowers, which specifically look attracts numerous tourists. Platform, a variety of thematic areas, decorated with millions of flowers, many of which are real masterpieces. Floats lined up in columns and they are accompanied by girls in national costumes. This floral procession is quite amazing.

They have a temple of Pram-Mani, in the province of Nakhonnayok conducting a very interesting and unusual ritual: the funeral if the person changed the "fortune" and his daily haunted by failure and disappointment in life. Something that would start life anew, the monks of this temple believe you need to visit your own funeral (their simulation). Thus, chasing away the failures and getting the opportunity to start life with a clean slate.

Everyone entering the Kingdom a tourist must familiarize himself with the customs and traditions of the Thai people to ignorance, not to cause offense, very hospitable and kind Thai people. For example, according to custom, one should not touch the head, stroking the hair, or pull they even have Thai children, as here they have their own philosophy. Thais believe that the head is the most important and purest part of the human body, they believe that the hair of living spirits who guard them, so any of them touch is an insult. The Thai people greet each other, they join hands and bow their heads in greeting and respect, and not as we hands. This salutation is not used in the address of the child.

When entering a Thai house, try in any case not to step on the threshold, as this will be regarded as lack of respect for the owners of the house (Thais believe that the threshold of the living guardian spirits of the house). And this is due to the fact that in ancient times the ashes of dead relatives were placed under the threshold of the house, believing that their souls will guard the home. It is best to take your shoes off when entering the house, You will be pleased the household. A very interesting custom to put every dwelling, office and other buildings and structures (even in woods) the houses for the spirits, so the Thais enlist the support of the higher forces in the protection of the home, prosperity in business, prosperity and health to all family members.

The Thais are a deeply religious nation, preaching Buddhism Theravada, so everything that is connected with their deity Buddha, all inviolable and deeply respected (and the same applies to the Royal family), this is a confirmation of numerous temples, Buddha sculptures and religious festivals in the country. Therefore, when entering the temple, tourists have to wear clothes that cover bare arms, chest and legs. You can not sit so that the legs were targeted (or crossed) in the direction of Buddha images, and before entering the temple you should remove your shoes. Not even indirectly expressing negative attitude toward the Buddha, it is strictly punishable by law. A woman should not touch the clothing of the monks, especially to touch his hand. A very rude gesture, insulting to the Thais, is a gesture leg, pointing towards Buddha images and Buddhist symbols and the Thais themselves. Traditionally, Thai families give their sons to the monks, where they are within 3 months learn about the philosophy of life and its purpose in it. To be a monk in Thailand - honorable.

If Thai house, on a table necessarily there will be several dishes to the guest tasted a little of everything. Between spouses and young people not accepted to display tender feelings towards each other. Thai funerals usually last for a week. And they are different than us. Thai philosophy is not an end, but a natural transition from one state of being to another, so they do not cry and do not shout so as not to disturb the soul of the deceased, only monks singing religious hymns. The dead certainly put in your mouth a coin to the spirits, and before the cremation of the deceased over the head to break coconut (symbol of the head), and the body sprinkled with coconut juice (a symbol of purity). The body is then cremated with fireworks and firecrackers, and the urn kept at a local temple. Monks alms generously, and all the relatives, friends and neighbours go to the funeral, which will end only late at night.

Thank you for your attention, good luck!