Урок по физике на английском "Black holes" уровень Intermediate

CLIL Physics lesson plan

Level: Intermediate

Theme: Black holes.

Learning outcomes:

• Learners will understand what the term “Black holes” means and give explanation in their words

• Learners will be able to use new specific vocabulary in their mini-projects

Ex 2

1 The history of black hole theory

2 What is a black hole?

3 What is escape velocity?

4 How a black hole works

5 Do black holes really exist?

Black Holes

(a) _________________________________

A black hole is an area in space that nothing can escape from, because gravity (the force that pulls objects in space towards each other) is so strong there. Not even light has enough escape velocity to get out of a black hole.

(b) _________________________________

If you throw a ball into the air, the harder you throw it, the faster it travels and the higher it will go before coming back down. If you threw it hard enough, it could escape the Earth’s gravity completely. The speed with which you need to throw the ball in order for this to happen is called the escape velocity, and for the Earth, it is about 11.2 km per second (40,000 km/h). The escape velocity depends on the planet’s mass, not its size: small but very heavy objects have large escape velocities.

(c) _________________________________

Scientists think that a black hole is a very small object with an enormous mass and an escape velocity that is faster than the speed of light. As nothing can go faster than light, nothing can escape the object’s gravity. This means it is a black hole.

(d) _________________________________

The British astronomer, John Michell, was the first person to think about the theory of black holes, in 1783. In 1796, the Frenchman, Pierre Laplace, proposed similar ideas to those of Michell. Using Newton’s theory of gravity, Laplace calculated that if an object is compressed into a small enough radius, then the escape velocity of that object would be faster than the speed of light.

(e) _________________________________

It is impossible to see black holes directly because no light can escape from them; they are black. But there are good reasons to think they exist.

Ex 3

Answer the questions.

1 Why can’t light escape from a black hole?

2 What is the escape velocity for the Earth?

3 Who first thought about black holes?

4 Who developed the theory of gravity?

5 Why can’t you see a black hole?

Mini-project

Mini-project

Sir Isaac Newton was a famous mathematician and physicist. Do some research on him and write a short text about his life and how he developed his theory of gravity. Include the following information:

•  When/ where he was born/died

•  When/ how he developed his theory of gravity

•  Other achievements in his life

Can do statements:

• I can present on something I learned from the media.

• I can make a presentation about an interesting person.

• I can scan tests for relevant information and grasp main point of text.