Упражнения по теме "Экология".
1. Вставьте следующие слова в предложения:
waste, pollurion, protect, factory, recycled, emissions, damage, environmentalists
1.During the last hundred years we have done great……..to the environment.
2. There’s a large chemical……..in our town which has polluted the river twice in the last year.
3. The Government is very worried about the ……..of our rivers and beaches.
4. A lot of household……..like bottles and newspapers can be……..and used again.
5…………are furious with the American Government for delaying measures which will reduce greenhouse gas………
6. There are lots of things we can all do to ……..the environment.
2. Вставьте следующие слова в предложения:exhaust fumes, toxic waste, emissions, deforestation, pesticides, crops
1. The Government is introducing strict new rules on the dumping of …………. by industry.
2. Farmers contribute to environmental damage by spraying …….. with …………. which stay in the soil for years.
3. ………….. from factories in northern Germany affect the environment in large parts of Scandinavia.
4. Tropical rainforests have always helped to keep the environment in balance but recent ………… means they no longer absorb as much carbon dioxide as they used to.
5. …….. from cars and other vehicles cause a great deal of damage to the environment.
3.Ответьте на вопрос:
Какие глаголы не могут употребляться со словом environment?
damage, harm, injure, destroy, hurt, pollute
4.Соотнесите слова под цифрами со словами под буквами, чтобы получились употребляющиеся сочетания:
1. global
2. greenhouse
3. ozone
4. acid
a. rain
b. warming
c. effect
d. layer
5. Вставьте слова в пропуски.
acid rain, ozone layer, global warming, greenhouse effect
1. The gradual rise in the Earth’s temperature is known as ……… .
2. When heat gets trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere, it is known as the ……… .
3. Scientists have found holes in the ……… , particularly over Antarctica.
4. Rain mixed with toxic chemicals from factories is known as ……… .
6.Вставьте слова в пропуски:
floods, radiation, sea level, climate, deserts, ice caps, oceans, gases
Scientists have shown that the temperature on Earth is increasing by 0.1° every ten years. That’s one degree every century. The (1)…… that arc produced by factories and cars are allowing more (2)……..from the sun to reach Earth. In the future this will have very serious consequences for humanity.
As the Earth gets hotter, the Arcric and Antarctic (3)………….will slowly melt and the level of the (4)……..will rise. A recent report says that the (5)…………. will rise by 70 metres over the next hundred years, causing (6)……..in many low-lying parts of the world.
There will be (7)………changes, too. Some areas will become wetter while others will become much drier. Some areas which today are green and fertile will eventually turn into (8)……..Tropical diseases like malaria will become common in areas where today they are unknown.
7. Вставьте следующие выражения в текст:
natural habitats, in danger of extinction, long-term, natural resources, way of life, indigenous people, destruction, future generations
The (1)……….of the rainforest is very worrying. Thousands of acres of forest are being cut down every year and the (2)……….of many animals are being destroyed. As a result, many species are (3)………. .
This, in turn, threatens the traditional (4)……….of many of the (5)……….who live in some of the most remote areas of our planet. As with most environmental issues, we need to think more (6)……….and realise that everything we do has implications for (7)………. .
If we want to hand on our world to our children and grandchildren, we simply can’t continue to misuse the world’s (8)……….as we are at the moment.
8. Вставьте следующие выражения в текст:
heavily polluted, cloud of pollution, uninhabitable, air quality
The (1)……….in many of the world’s largest cities is so poor that we have seen an enormous increase in chest and lung illnesses such as asthma. These cities are (2)……….and some are permanently covered by a (3)………. . Unless we begin to take the problems more seriously and start to do something about them, many of our biggest cities, particularly in the developing world, will become (4)………. .
9.Соотнесите слова под цифрами со словами под буквами, чтобы получились употребляющиеся сочетания:
1. unleaded
2. public
3. recycling
4. bottle
5. environmentally
6. renewable
b. friendly
c. energy
d. point
e. transport
f. petrol
10. Вставьте в текст следующие выражения:
recycling point, environmentally friendly, renewable energy, bottle bank, public transport, unleaded petrol.
1. Make sure your car runs on………and your home uses sources of ……… .
2. Use………instead of taking your car.
3. Take glass, paper and plastic to a………and your empty bottles to a……… .
4. Buy………products whenever possible.
Ответы упр. 1
1. During the last hundred years we have done great damage to the environment.
2. There’s a large chemical factory in our town which has polluted the river twice in the last year.
3. The Government is very worried about the pollurion of our rivers and beaches.
4. A lot of household waste like bottles and newspapers can be recycled and used again.
5. Environmentalists are furious with the American Government for delaying measures which will reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
6.There are lots of things we can all do to protect the environment.
Ответы упр 2.
1. The Government is introducing strict new rules on the dumping of toxic waste by industry.
2. Farmers contribute to environmental damage by spraying crops with pesticides which stay in the soil for years.
3. Emissions from factories in northern Germany affect the environment in large parts of Scandinavia.
4. Tropical rainforests have always helped to keep the environment in balance but recent deforestation means they no longer absorb as much carbon dioxide as they used to.
5. Exhaust fumes from cars and other vehicles cause a great deal of damage to the environment.
Ответы упр.3
Со словом environment не могут употребляться глаголы injure и hurt.
Ответы упр. 6
Scientists have shown that the temperature on Earth is increasing by 0.1° every ten years. That’s one degree every century. The gases that are produced by factories and cars are allowing more radiation from the sun to reach Earth. In the future this will have very serious consequences for humanity.
As the Earth gets hotter, the Arcric and Antarctic ice caps will slowly melt and the level of the oceans will rise. A recent report says that the sea level will rise by 70 metres over the next hundred years, causing floods in many low-lying parts of the world. There will be climate changes, too. Some areas will become wetter while others will become much drier. Some areas which today are green and fertile will eventually turn into deserts. Tropical diseases like malaria will become common in areas where today they are unknown.
Ответы упр. 7 The destruction of the rainforest is very worrying. Thousands of acres of forest are being cut down every year and the natural habitats of many animals are being destroyed. As a result, many species are in danger of extinction.
This, in turn, threatens the traditional way of life of many of the indigenous people who live in some of the most remote areas of our planet. As with most environmental issues, we need to think more long-term and realise that everything we do has implications for future generations.
If we want to hand on our world to our children and grandchildren, we simply can’t continue to misuse the world’s natural resources as we are at the moment.
Ответы упр. 8
The air quality in many of the world’s largest cities is so poor that we have seen an enormous increase in chest and lung illnesses such as asthma. These cities are heavily polluted and some are permanently covered by a cloud of pollution. Unless we begin to take the problems more seriously and start to do something about them, many of our biggest cities, particularly in the developing world, will become uninhabitable.
Ответы упр.9
1. unleaded petrol
2. public transport
3. recycling point
4. bottle bank
5. environmentally friendly
6. renewable energy
Ответы упр. 10
1. Make sure your car runs on unleaded petrol and your home uses sources of renewable energy.
2. Use public transport instead of taking your car.
3. Take glass, paper and plastic to a recycling point and your empty bottles to a bottle bank.
4. Buy environmentally friendly products whenever possible.
| Some people say that we should invest money in ecology projects, while others believe that nature is doing well by itself. |
| Некоторые люди говорят, что нам следует инвестировать деньги в экологические проекты, другие полагают, что природа самостоятельно восстанавливается. |
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| The earth is the only planet that people can live on, but nowadays they seem to be doing everything to make their home unfit for living. Industrialization has brought us into conflict with the natural environment. Our planet is in danger: air, water and land pollution have disastrous consequences which threaten human life on Earth. |
| Земля – это единственная планета, на которой живут люди. Но сегодня, кажется, они делают все, что сделать свой дом непригодным для жизни. Индустриализация привела нас к конфликту с окружающей средой. Наша планета в опасности:загрязнение воздуха, воды и земли имеют катастрофические последствия, которые угрожают жизни человека на земле. |
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| I strongly feel that the more money is invested in ecology projects, the better our lives are going to be. People have technologies to make our planet cleaner: we can control pollution, recycle waste materials, protect rare animals and plants and install antipollution equipment. We need more disaster-prevention programs in order to control environmental pollution, fight the destruction of wildlife and preserve woodlands. There should be more organizations like Greenpeace that will help protect the animal world and stop environmental degradation. Such organizations influence public opinion and help form a correct attitude to nature. There should be more newspaper articles, TV-programs and science-popular films about ecological problems. They help people become environment-educated. |
| Я уверен, что чем больше денег инвестируются в экологические проекты, тем лучше будет наша жизнь. У людей есть технологии, чтобы сделать нашу планету чище: мы можем контролировать загрязнение, перерабатывать отходы, защищать редких животных и растений и устанавливать антизагрязняющее оборудование, бороться с разрушением дикой природы и сохранять леса. Должно быть больше организаций типа Гринписа, которые помогут защитить животный мир и остановить ухудшение экологии. Такие организации влияют на общественное мнение и помогают сформировать правильное отношение к природе. Должно быть больше статей в газетах, тв программ и научно-популярных фильмы об экологических проблемах. Они помогают людям больше знать об окружающей среде. |
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| However, many people still believe that nature is doing well by itself. They use natural resources and pollute the environment, but they don’t think how awful the consequences may be. I’m sure that nature can’t do without our help. If we want to breathe fresh air, to drink clean water and to eat healthy food, we must stop polluting the environment. |
| Однако многие люди все еще считают, что в природе все хорошо. Они используют природные ресурсы и загрязняют окружающую среду, но они не думают, какие ужасные последствия могут возникнуть. Я уверен, что природа не может обойтись без нашей помощи. Если мы хотим дышать свежим воздухом, пить чистую воду и употреблять здоровую пищу, нам нужно остановить загрязнение окружающей среды. |
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| To conclude, ecological problems concern everybody and there are ways to solve them. People must always remember that the earth is our home and it depends on us w’hat it will be like. |
| В заключение хотелось бы сказать, что экологические проблемы касаются всех, и для их решения есть способы. Люди должны всегда помнить, что земля – это наш дом, и от нас зависит, каким он будет. |
Тема 2.
| Many people think that they can’t solve the world’s environmental problems on their own and that the government and big companies must care about these problems. However, others say that individuals can do much to help the environment. |
| Многие люди думают, что они не могут самостоятельно решить мировые экологические проблемы, и что об этих проблемах должно заботиться правительство и большие компании. Однако, другие говорят, что люди в отдельности могут помочь окружающей среде. |
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| Our planet is in danger: air, water and land pollution have disastrous consequences which threaten human life on Earth. Most people are convinced that something must be done to stop pollution, but they don’t know if they can help. |
| Наша планета в опасности: загрязнение воздуха, воды и почвы имеют катастрофические последствия, которые угрожают жизни человека на земле. Большинство людей убеждено, что необходимо что-то делать, чтобы остановить загрязнение, но они не знают, могут ли они помочь. |
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| In my opinion, much can be done by an average citizen. People have to be smart about such things as driving a car or using electricity. Whenever we drive a car, we are adding greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. To make our planet cleaner and to use less energy we can try car pooling. That is when three people ride together in one car instead of driving three cars to work. We can also use public transport, ride a bike, or walk. People can save electricity by turning off lights, our TV-set and computer. We can use less washing up liquids to keep the water clean. We can also plant trees, collect litter and recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags and newspapers. Besides, we can buy products that don’t use much energy. |
| По моему мнению, многое может быть сделано обычным человеком. Людям надо разумно относиться к таким вещам, как езда на автомобилях и использование электричества. Когда бы мы ни воспользовались машиной, мы добавляем парниковых газов в атмосферу. Чтобы сделать нашу планету чище и расходовать меньше энергии, мы можем попробовать совместное использование автомобилей, когда трое человек едут на работу в одной машине, вместо того чтобы каждый ехал на своей машине. Мы также можем пользоваться общественным транспортом, ездить на велосипеде либо ходить пешком. Люди могут экономить электричество, выключая свет, телевизор и компьютер.Мы можем использовать меньше моющих жидкостей для сохранения чистоты воды. Мы можем также садить деревья, собирать мусор и перерабатывать жестяные банки, бутылки, пластиковые пакеты и газеты. Кроме того, мы можем покупать предметы, которые не требуют много энергии. |
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| But a lot of people still think that there is little they can do to help the environment. They are sure that it is the duty of the government and big companies to make our planet cleaner: to recycle waste materials, to protect rare animals and plants, to install antipollution equipment and so on. But they are wrong. Everybody must take part in reducing pollution. |
| Но много людей все еще думают, что они вряд ли что-то могут сделать для экологии. Они уверены, что это обязанность правительства и больших компаний делать нашу планету чище: перерабатывать отходы, защищать редких животных и растения, устанавливать антизагрязнительное оборудование и так далее. Но они ошибаются. Каждый должен принимать участие в уменьшении загрязнения. |
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| To conclude, if we want to be healthy, to drink clean water and to breathe fresh air, w’d should take care of the environment and help improve our lives on Earth. |
| В заключение хотелось бы сказать, что если мы хотим быть здоровыми, пить чистую воду и дышать свежим воздухом, то нам следует заботиться об окружающей среде и помогать улучшать нашу жизнь. |
Лексика по теме "Экология".
environment
environmental
environmentally
environmentalists
waste
pollution
protect
factory
recycle
emissions
damage
pollute
exhaust fumes
toxic waste
deforestation
pesticides
crops
harm
injure
acid rain
ozone layer
global warming
, greenhouse effect
floods
radiation
sea level
climate
deserts
ice caps
unleaded petrol
gases
natural habitats
in danger of extinction
long-term
natural resources
way of life
indigenous people
destruction
future generations
heavily polluted
cloud of pollution,
uninhabitable
air quality
recycling point
environmentally friendly
renewable energy
bottle bank
public transport
dump
nuclear waste
| Water pollution is a serious (1)________ problem today.
“Water, water everywhere, not any drop to drink,” said the sailor from Coleridge’s poem describing to a friend how awful it was to be without drinking water on a ship in the middle of the ocean. It is strange to think that the water around his ship was probably quite safe to drink. It
was (2)________ - but not polluted. The sea waters today are much more (3)_________ . Many seas are used for dumping (4)________ and nuclear waste. |
ECOLOGY
SALT
DANGER
INDUSTRY
|
Nowadays (ecology) problems have become urgent. People cut down forests and many species of birds and animals lose their (nature) habitats. Some of them have already become extinct,while others are (danger), like Siberian tigers or cheetahs. Besides, a lot of factories and plants pour down (industry) wastes,which cause water (pollute). To make our planet green and clean, governments should make laws to (unprotected) nature. First of all, (pollute) must pay money. People should not dump (use) materials in forests and hedgerows. As for the animals, we should create (protect) areas , where animals could live in their natural (environmentally). Doing so, we can stop their dying out.
Health, healthy, healthily, healthiness, unhealthy, unhealthily. Advertise, advertisement, advertiser, advertising. Invent, inventor, invention, inventive.
1 He doesn't think about his ---.
2 Fast food is ----.
3 Helen has always been a --- person.
1 I saw an interesting --- in the newspaper.
2 Mr Adams is a very successful ---.
3 He works for an --- company.
4 They --- fashionable clothes and cosmetic products.
1 His --- revolutionized the science.
2 Alexander Popov--- the radio.
3 John is rather ---, he helped us to solve the problem of New Year illumination. It was fantastic.
4 Alexander Bell was the --- of the telephone.
8 422
5 549 
