Практическое занятие № 71 « Non-traditional Renewable Sources of Energy»

Практическое занятие № 71

Тема: « Non-traditional Renewable Sources of Energy»

Цель: Формирование знаний о нетрадиционных возобновляемых источниках энергии.

Совершенствование лексико-грамматических навыков по теме.

Активизация лексики по теме в аргументированных высказываниях.

Оборудование: 1. Учебники; 2. Раздаточный материал; 3. Интернет-ресурсы.

1. Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст «NON-TRADITIONAL RENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY» (25 минут):

It is known that much is being done in the world today for the development of non-traditional sources of energy. Without them the Earth cannot support its present population of 5 billion people and probably 8 billion people in the 21st century.

Now we are using traditional powerhouses, that is, oil, natural gas, coal and water power with the consumption of more than 50 billion barrels per year. It is evident that these sources are not unlimited.

That is why it is so important to use such renewable sources of energy as the sun, wind, geothermal energy and others. Research is being carried out in these fields.

One of the most promising (перспективный) research is the development of power stations with direct transformation of solar energy into electricity on the basis of photo-effect. It was Russia that was the first in the world to develop and test a photoelectric battery of 32,000-volts and effective area of only 0.5 sq.m., which made it  possible  to  concentrate  solar  radiation.  This  idea  is  now  being  intensively developed in many countries.

However, the efficiency of a solar power station is considerably reduced because of the limited time of its work during the year. But it is possible to improve the efficiency of solar power stations by developing different combinations of solar power stations and traditional ones – thermal, atomic and hydraulic. Today some

engineers are working at the problem of developing electric  power stations with the use of a thermal-chemical cycle. It will operate on products of the transformation of solar energy, whereas me «solar» chemical reactor uses CO2 and water steam of the thermal power station. The result is that we have a closed cycle.

In Kamchatka there are geothermal, power stations operating on hot water- steam mixture from the depths of about a kilometre. In some projects water will be heated by the warmth of mountains at a depth of four-five km.

It is planned that plants working on the energy of the solar heat provided by the sun will be built on a larger scale.

That different wind energy plants are being developed is also well-known. These energy plants can be small (of several kilowatts) and large powerful systems.

It is important that all these advances in developing new sources of energy and improving the old ones help to solve the energy problem as a whole and they do not have negative effects on the environment.

Задание 2. Прочитайте следующие словосочетания из текста и постарайтесь догадаться о значении выделенных слов и словосочетаний (10 минут):

1. such as lighting 2. applications are longstanding 3. in the 19th century workshops 4. a range of appliances 5. devices are based on 6. in the case of 7. all fields of 8. human activity

Задание 3. Подберите к каждому слову или словосочетанию соответствующее ему по значению из текста (10 минут):

a. for e. a number of

b. area or sphere f. things done by man

c. are built on g. electric lamps

d. for a long time h. a small factory

Задание 4. А. Прочитайте следующий текст и найдите слова или словосочетания, означающие portable, work, generate, at present (10 минут).

Although most electricity comes from power stations, power can also be generated by far smaller means. Nowadays, electricity generators can be small enough to hold in the hand. A portable generator can provide electricity no matter how far you are from the mains (сеть). It works by turning the movement of a piston into electrical energy. Such a generator can produce a 700 watt output, enough to operate lights, television, and some domestic appliances. Larger versions provide emergency power to hospitals and factories.

В. Найдите в тексте, приведенном в А, слова, означающие (10 минут):

1. method, way 2. change, transform 3. principal wire to transmit electricity into a building 4. house 5. to be of no importance 6. much, considerably 7. situation needing action as soon as possible 8. power, energy produced 9. variant, form

Задание 5. Заполните пропуски следующими словами (15 минут):

electricity increase consumers power use generation reduce consumption far users application provide sources energy light

We hear so much these days of local problems of electricity (1) …..

Many (2) ... are taking steps to (3) ... their electricity (4) ...

This is as a result of the recent (5) ... in electricity tariffs for (6) ...

We should all try to (7) ... less (8) ..., by insulating our houses, turning off the (9) ... when leaving a room and using less hot water.

We must try to develop alternative (10) ... of energy to (11) ... electricity for domestic and industrial (12) ...

It is known that nuclear power comes to the consumer as electricity, which is clean and convenient form of (13) ...

Although nuclear (14) ... stations are large, they can be built (15) ... from places where people live.

Задание 6. Составьте возможные словосочетания глаголов из колонки А и существительных из колонки В, переведите их и запомните (10 минут):

Критерии:

Оценка «5» - Поставленные задачи (составление аргументированных монологических высказываний, составление вопросов, чтение, перевод текста, ответы на вопросы) решены полностью, применение лексики адекватно коммуникативной задаче, грамматические ошибки либо отсутствуют, либо не препятствуют решению коммуникативной задачи

Оценка «4» - Коммуникативная задача решена полностью, но понимание текста незначительно затруднено наличием грамматических и/или лексических ошибок.

Оценка «3» - Коммуникативная задача решена, но понимание текста затруднено наличием грубых грамматических ошибок или неадекватным употреблением лексики.

Оценка «2» - Коммуникативная задача не решена ввиду большого количества лексико-грамматических ошибок или недостаточного объема текста.

Литература, рекомендуемая к выполнению практической работы:

1) Восковская А.С., Карпова Т.А. Английский язык. – Ростов н/Д: Феникс, 2014.

2)Агабекян И. Английский язык для СПО. – Ростов н/Дону: Феникс, 2012.

Контрольные вопросы:

1. Though the capital investment, that is, the initial cost of building the nuclear power station, is high, the cost of generating electricity from a nuclear power station is relatively, isn`t it ? 2. Is there a limited supply of fossil fuels such as oil, gas and coal on the earth, but a supply of natural uranium? 3. Why is the efficiency of a solar power station considerably reduced? 4. Research is being carried out in these fields, isn`t it? 5. Which electricity generators can be nowadays?