Flu and Pregnancy

Flu and Pregnancy

Goals and objectives

Goal: To study the impact of influenza on pregnancy Objectives: • To study the etiology, epidemiology and clinical presentation of influenza • To review diagnostic methods • To investigate the course of the disease in pregnant women

What is ARVI?

ARVI refers to a group of viral infections affecting the respiratory tract.

Types of Viruses

• Influenza virus

• Rhinovirus

• Adenovirus

• Coronavirus

Common Symptoms of ARVI

• Cough
• Sore throat
• Fever
• Fatigue and body aches

Transmission

How is ARVI Spread?

• Airborne droplets from coughs and sneezes
• Touching contaminated surfaces

Diagnosis Diagnosis of ARVI

• Epidemiological data
• Clinical data – CBC (complete blood count) – Rapid test
• Serological methods – RTGA (hemagglutination inhibition test, HI) – RSK (complement fixation test, CFT) – RNGA (indirect hemagglutination assay, IHA) – RN (neutralization test, NT) – ELISA (enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay) – PCR (polymerase chain reaction)

Complications

• ITSh (infectious-toxic shock) • Brain edema (cerebral swelling) • Acute cardiovascular insufficiency • Pulmonary edema • Acute respiratory failure • Bacterial complications (pneumonia, bronchitis, otitis, etc.)

Clinical features in pregnant women

• Prolonged course of ARVI (acute respiratory viral infection) without severe clinical manifestations • An attenuated (blunted) clinical presentation of ARVI is most characteristic

Complications in pregnant women

• More than a twofold increase in the development of placental insufficiency • Early onset of preeclampsia (gestosis) • Oligohydramnios (low amniotic fluid) • Threat of pregnancy loss/termination (17–26 weeks) • Intrauterine growth retardation and intrauterine fetal hypoxia • Hypoxic injury to the central nervous system (CNS) • Increased morbidity among newborns

2 L) • Dairy-and-vegetable diet • Detoxification therapy • Symptomatic therapy Etiotropic treatment: neuraminidase inhibitors, interferons, interferon inducers Contraindicated: – Tetracyclines – Doxycycline – Fluoroquinolones – Co-trimoxazole – Sulfonamides Etiotropic treatment: neuraminidase inhibitors, interferons, interferon inducers Contraindicated: – Tetracyclines – Doxycycline – Fluoroquinolones – Co-trimoxazole – Sulfonamides " width="640"

Treatment

• Bed rest while febrile • Alkaline fluids (2 L) • Dairy-and-vegetable diet • Detoxification therapy • Symptomatic therapy

• Etiotropic treatment: neuraminidase inhibitors, interferons, interferon inducers Contraindicated: – Tetracyclines – Doxycycline – Fluoroquinolones – Co-trimoxazole – Sulfonamides
• Etiotropic treatment: neuraminidase inhibitors, interferons, interferon inducers
• Contraindicated: – Tetracyclines – Doxycycline – Fluoroquinolones – Co-trimoxazole – Sulfonamides

Prevention Strategies

• Preventive Measures • Vaccination (e.g., flu vaccine) • Good hygiene practices (handwashing, masks) • Avoiding close contact with sick individuals

Conclusion

• Pregnant women are susceptible to influenza because of hormonal and physiological changes in the body. During epidemics and pandemics, the incidence of influenza among pregnant women reaches 50%, and the number of fatal outcomes exceeds the general population rate by 2.4 times. • With proper, timely treatment, at home or in hospital settings, the negative consequences for the mother and her baby are minimized.

Thank you for your attention! 