Гавриил Абрамович Илизаров

Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov

«Miracles are the work of illusionists, and we are scientists»

G. A. Ilizarov

Presentation prepared by: Shcherbatova Arina 8A

Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov

Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov (15 June 1921 – 24 July 1992) was a Soviet physician, known for inventing the Ilizarov apparatus for lengthening limb bones and for his eponymous surgery. He was a Hero of Socialist Labor (1981), a laureate of the Lenin Prize (1979), and a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1991).

Where he was born

Ilizarov was born in the town of Belovezh, Polesie Voivodeship, Poland (now Belovezha in Brest Voblast, Belarus) to a Jewish family from the Dagestan region of the Russian Empire. Soon after his birth, the family moved to Qusar (Azerbaijan), where he grew up.

Study and work

He graduated from Derbent Medical Rabfac (an educational establishment set up to prepare workers and peasants for higher education) then from Crimea Medical School. In 1944 he was sent to a rural hospital in Kurgan Oblast in Siberia. In 1955 he became the head of Surgery Department of a hospital and a surgeon with the air ambulance.

The Kurgan Center of the Restorational Surgery and Orthopedy

His residency was carried out in orthopedic surgery, during which he developed an "external fixator system". In 1961 he created the Kurgan Center of the Restorational Surgery and Orthopedy. He was the head of this center until 1991. It was said that the Center became the largest orthopedic center in the world.

Bone experiments

Ilizarov discovered that by carefully severing a bone without severing the periosteum around it, one could separate two halves of a bone slightly and fix them in place, and the bone would grow to fill the gap. He also discovered that bone regrows at a fairly uniform rate across people and circumstances.

Creation of Ilizarov's apparatus

Experiments led to the design of what is known as an Ilizarov apparatus, which holds a bone so severed in place, by virtue of a framework and pins through the bone, and separates halves of the bone by a tiny amount; by repeating this over time, at the rate of the bone's regrowth, it is possible to extend a bone by a desired amount.

Introduction to the Western World

In 1980 during the Cold War era, an Italian photojournalist Carlo Mauri, on the urgings of a Russian colleague, travelled to Kurgan 2000 km east of Moscow, in the then communist Soviet Union. He was to be treated by Ilizarov for a tibial fracture that that healed incorrectly after a skiing accident 20 years previously. Italian doctors had long given up hope of any surgical improvement to the leg. Ilizarov distracted the stiff non-union in his tibia by 2 cm, healing the pseudarthrosis, corrected an equinus deformity by distraction and lengthened his leg. On his return to Italy, the healing of Mauri's leg amazed orthopaedic surgeons. Subsequent to this, Ilizarov was invited to be a guest speaker at the AO Italy conference in 1981.

Personal life

Ilizarov was married three times. In 1947, he had a son Alexander, who became a design engineer and went to Novosibirsk. Daughter Svetlana lives in new York, works as a rehabilitation doctor. Another daughter's name is Maria. The hero of our article married Valentina Alekseevna for the third time in 1961 and lived with her until his death.

Scientific work

He is the author of more than 600 scientific papers on clinical and experimental orthopedics and traumatology, biomechanics. In the early 1990s, Ilizarov visited the United States with lectures on his inventions. Despite his worldwide fame, his works remained little studied abroad. Ilizarov was worried-not because he wanted fame, but because people were left without the help they needed

Ilizarov's Death

On July 24, 1992, Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov died of heart failure in Kurgan at the age of 71 .

Memory

In honor of G. A. Ilizarov, the astronomer of the Crimean astrophysical Observatory Lyudmila Karachkina named the asteroid (3750) Ilizarov[fr] discovered by her on October 14, 1982, the name was approved on October 4, 1990[21].

In September 1987, the artist came to the city of Kurgan, where he spent 6 days with Mr. tsvaigenbaum to make sketches.

In 1993, the Russian scientific center "Restorative traumatology and orthopedics" (RSC "WTO") was named after academician G. A. Ilizarov.June 15, 1993 at the initiative of the Director General of the RSC " WTO " V. I. Shevtsov opened the Museum of the history of the RSC "WTO" named after G. A. Ilizarov.

Memory

In 1993, the Fund was established. G. A. Ilizarov.September 9, 1994 on the territory of the RSC "WTO" was opened a monument to the founder and the founder of the method and the center academician G. Ilizarov, sculptor.

In 2012 the monument-the car GAZ-13 "to Chaika", belonging to the Museum of history of the center to them is established. G. A. Ilizarov.

Since 1995 in memory of G. A. Ilizarov the practical magazine "the genius of orthopedics"is published.

In 2011 were released various artistic envelopes of Russia, dedicated to G. A. Ilizarov.

Memory

In 2011, in the city of Kurgan, directed by Andrey Romanov was filmed a documentary film" he devoted his life to the people", dedicated to the 90th anniversary.

The film won the prize Of the head of Kamensk-Uralsky M. S. Astakhov at the Third international festival of tourist cinema "Meeting with Russia" in the cities of Verkhoturye and Kamensk-Uralsky (2012).

In 2012, the name of G. A. Ilizarov was named Derbent medical College in the Republic of Dagestan.Memorial plaque on the house in Kurgan, where in 1974-1992 he lived G. A. Ilizarov.

In the Kurgan region, 2016 was declared the "year of Ilizarov".