Healthy way of life. Alcohol, smoking. Degrees of comparison.

Healthy way of life The Degrees of Comparison

DEGREES OF COMPARISON

The Degrees of Comparison in English grammar are made with the Adjective and Adverb words to show how big or small, high or low, more or less, many or few, etc., of the qualities, numbers and positions of the nouns (persons, things and places) in comparison to the others mentioned in the other part of a sentence/expression.

One Syllable Adjectives

For most one-syllable adjectives,

er and est are added.

Adjective

Comparative

Superlative

than

Old

Wise

Strong

The oldest

The wisest

The strongest

Older

Wiser

stronger

He is an old man.

He is older than your grandfather.

He is the oldest man in village.

Go listening

Two syllable adjectives

For most two syllable adjectives,

more and most are used

Adjective

Comparative

Superlative

than

Famous

Pleasant

More famous

More pleasant

The most famous

The most pleasant

He is a famous man.

He is more famous man than your grandfather.

He is the most famous man in village.

Go listening

Two syllable adjectives

Er , est are used with two syllable

adjectives that end y . the y is changed to i .

Adjective

Comparative

Superlative

than

Busy

pretty

Busier

Prettier

The busiest

The prettiest

He is a busy man.

He is busier man than your grandfather.

He is the busiest man in village.

Two syllable adjectives

Some two syllable adjectives use

er, est or more, most able, angry, clever,

common, cruel, friendly, gentle, handsome,

narrow, pleasant, polite, quit, simple, sour .

Adjective

Comparative

Superlative

than

Clever

Gentle

Cleverer, more clever

Gentler, more gentle

The cleverest

The most clever

He is a clever man.

He is cleverer man than your grandfather.

He is the cleverest man in village.

Adjectives with three or more syllables

More , and most are used

with long adjectives .

Adjective

Comparative

Superlative

than

Important

fascinating

More important

More fascinating

The ,most important

The most fascinating

He is an important man.

He is more important man than your friend.

He is the most important man in village.

Adjectives with three or more syllables

More , and most are used

with long adjectives .

Adjective

Comparative

Superlative

than

Important

fascinating

More important

More fascinating

The ,most important

The most fascinating

He is an important man.

He is more important man than your friend.

He is the most important man in village.

Irregular adjectives

Good and bad have irregular

comparative and superlative forms

Adjective

Comparative

Superlative

than

Good

Bad

Better

Worse

The best

The worst

He is a good man.

He is better man than your friend.

He is the best man in village.

Ly adverbs

More and most are used

with adverbs that end in ly

Adjective

Comparative

Superlative

than

Carefully

Slowly

More carefully

More slowly

The most carefully

The most slowly

He drives carefully.

He drives more carefully than your friend.

He drives the most carefully than your friend .

Irregular adverbs

Adjective

Comparative

Superlative

than

Well

Badly

Far

The best

The worst

The farthest

Better

Worse

Farther

He drives well

He drives better than your friend.

He drives the best than your friend .

Forming the Comparative

We add – er to one syllable adjectives.

Cold Cold er

Old Old er

Tall Tall er

Fast Fast er

We add – er after a vowel+consonant, we double the final consonant.

Hot Hot ter

Big Big ger

Fat Fat ter

We add – er to one-syllable adjectives ending in – e .

Wid e Wide r

Lat e Late r

Larg e Large r

We add – ier to two-syllable adjectives after a consonant+ - y .

Ea sy Eas ier

Ear ly Earl ier

Hap py Happ ier

We use more with two or more syllable adjectives.

Beautiful More beautiful

Famous More famous

Useful More useful

Comfortable More comfortable

We can use – er or more with some two-syllable adjectives

Quiet er or More quiet

Clever er or More clever

Narrow er or More narrow

Simpl er or More simple

Common er or More common

We use the comparative form of adjectives to compare one person, thing, etc. with another.

comparative + than we use than after the comparative

Red house is big ger than blue house

He is tal ler than me

Forming the Superlative

We use – est , - st or – iest to form the superlative of one-syllable adjectives.

old older the old est

large larger the large st

happy happier the happ iest

wet wetter the wet test

late later the late st

We use most to form the superlative of adjectives that have two or more syllables

comfortable the most comfortable

interesting the most interesting

important the most important

beautiful the most beautiful

famous the most famous

A few adjectives have irregular superlative forms.

Good better the best

Bad worse the worst

Little less the least

Many more the most

Far farther the farthest

(further the furthest )

We use the superlative form of the adjective to compare three or more people, things, etc.

the + superlative we use the before the superlative

This is the biggest animal.

POSITIVE DEGREE

• One noun – person, thing or place – and one quality… above average

tall

– adjective

• John is a

man.

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made by BCK

Degree of e quality

The adjective or adverb is in positive form showing that two persons or things are the same – two nouns having the same quality.

• The common conjunction used is “as…as”.

27-04-2009

made by BCK

Degree of equality: example 1

• John is

as

strong

as

James.

‘ strong’ – adjective in positive form showing equality

27-04-2009

made by BCK

Degree of in equality

• The adjective or adverb is in positive form showing that two persons or things are not the same – two nouns not having the same quality.

27-04-2009

made by BCK

Degree of in equality

• Peter is not as (so) fast as Paul.

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made by BCK

Exercises

Superlative Degree: example 1

• The elephant is the large st of all land animals.

• The giraffe is the tall est of all animals.

27-04-2009

made by BCK

Which one is more beautiful?

Which one is faster?

Which one is the most dangerous?

Which man is busier?

Complete the sentences using the comparative form of the verbs.

• A plane is……(fast) than a car.
• A bike is ……(cheap) than a motorbike.
• A city is ……(big) than a village.
• Winter is …….(cold) than Spring.
• A motorbike …..(expensive) than a bike.
• Tv is ……(good) than radio.

Choose the correct word or phrase underlined in each sentence.

• Our journey took longer than/the longest we expected.
• The fish was so tasty as/as tasty as the meat.
• This is the taller/tallest building in the world.
• Reading is more interesting/the most interesting than walking

Healthy way of life. Alcohol, smoking

Tobacco and Its Effects

• Tobacco Products

• Cigarettes Cigars Pipe Bides (hand-rolled, flavored cigarettes) Spit (smokeless) tobacco Chewing tobacco Dipping Snuff
• Cigarettes
• Cigars
• Pipe
• Bides (hand-rolled, flavored cigarettes)
• Spit (smokeless) tobacco Chewing tobacco Dipping Snuff
• Chewing tobacco
• Dipping
• Snuff

Health Hazards of Tobacco Products

• Cancers

• Lung 85 to 90 percent associated with smoking Pancreatic Lip Esophagus Tongue
• Lung 85 to 90 percent associated with smoking Pancreatic Lip Esophagus Tongue
• Lung 85 to 90 percent associated with smoking
• Pancreatic
• Lip
• Esophagus
• Tongue

• Cardiovascular disease

• Smokers have a 70 percent higher death rate than nonsmokers.
• Smokers have a 70 percent higher death rate than nonsmokers.
• Smokers have a 70 percent higher death rate than nonsmokers.

• Stroke

• Smokers are 2 times more likely to suffer a stroke than nonsmokers.
• Smokers are 2 times more likely to suffer a stroke than nonsmokers.
• Smokers are 2 times more likely to suffer a stroke than nonsmokers.

Effects of Smoking on the Body and Health

Comparison of Cross Sections with a Healthy Lung and with the Lung of a Smoker

Alcohol and Your Health

• Long-Term Effects of Alcohol

• Effects on the nervous system Cardiovascular effects Liver disease Cirrhosis Alcoholic hepatitis Cancer Chronic inflammation of pancreas Impairs ability to recognize and fight bacteria and viruses
• Effects on the nervous system
• Cardiovascular effects
• Liver disease Cirrhosis Alcoholic hepatitis
• Cirrhosis
• Alcoholic hepatitis
• Cancer
• Chronic inflammation of pancreas
• Impairs ability to recognize and fight bacteria and viruses

Effects of Alcohol on the Body and Health

Comparison of a Healthy Liver with a Cirrhotic Liver

• When should people get up and go to bed?
• How many times a day should people clean their teeth?
• What should people do before eating?
• What healthy food should people eat?
• Whom should people consult to prevent an illness?
• What should people do if they have a cold?
• What should people do if they have a toothache?
• What should people do if they can’t sleep?

Everything is in your hands!

Health-status of any living organism, where all the bodies are able to fully implement their function.Health is the most important thing in our lives.guard health is one of the functions of the state. But the main guard itself is YOU. You care about your health, all in your hands! If you want to stay healthy into old age, you will need to k nowing only a few points .

One of the most important items in a healthy way of life is a sport! Will you engage in sports, will be healthy!

D rinking and smoking is no longer in fashion! Be strong and healthy - a new fashion.

Sport-health of millions!

Throw: drinking, smoking, drugs! Go in for sports!

• Smoke
• Watch TV too long
• Eat too many sweets
• Spend much time indoors
• Eat between meals
• Skip meals

Don’t eat fast food!

Never use transport

if it is possible to walk

Don’t smoke!

Smoking causes lung and heart diseases

Don’t drink alcohol!

Alcohol destroys your mind and body

• Get up early and go to bed early
• Wash your hands before eating
• Go in for sports
• Sleep enough
• Take a cold shower
• Air the room

Simple Rules for Being Healthy:

Get lots of sleep!

Don’t worry,

smile and laugh!

• Good health is above wealth
• An apple a day keeps a doctor away
• Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise
• A sound mind in a sound body

Crossword

Across:

1. A place where we get medical help

4. A sheet of paper with the help of which we take medicine at the chemist’s

6. The front of the neck

7. A feeling of being hurt

Down:

1. A state of being well

2. You take it to treat an illness

3. … is what one usually eats and drinks

4. A person who needs medical help

5. A person who gives us medical help

7. The number of movements that you can feel in a minute

Crossword

Across:

1. A place where we get medical help

4. A sheet of paper with the help of which we take medicine at the chemist’s

6. The front of the neck

7. A feeling of being hurt

Down:

1. A state of being well

2. You take it to treat an illness

3. … is what one usually eats and drinks

4. A person who needs medical help

5. A person who gives us medical help

7. The number of movements that you can feel in a minute