Human anatomy. Pronouns ''Both, either, neither''

Human anatomy .

Pronouns “Both, either, neither” .

Human anatomy The principle parts of the human body are the head, the trunk and the limbs (extremities). We speak of the upper extremities (arms) and the lower extremities (legs).

The head consists of two parts: the skull which contains the brain, and the face which consists of the forehead, the eyes, the nose, the mouth, the cheeks, the ears and the chin.

In the mouth there are gums with teeth, the tongue and the palate.

The head is connected with the trunk by the neck. The upper part of the trunk is the chest and the lower one is the abdomen. The principle organs in the chest are the lungs, the heart and the gullet (esophagus).

We breathe with the lungs. The heart contracts and makes 60-80 beats per minute.

The principle organs in the abdominal cavity are the stomach, the liver, the spleen, the intestine, the kidneys, the gall-bladder and the bladder.

The framework of the bones is called the skeleton; it supports the soft parts and protects the organs form injury. The bones are covered with muscles.

The upper extremity is connected with the chest by the shoulder. Each arm consists of the upper arm, forearm, elbow, wrist and hand. We have four fingers and a thumb on each hand.

The lower extremity (the leg) consists of the hip (the thigh), knee, calf, ankle and foot. The body is covered by the skin.

Vocabulary

• head - голова
• trunk - туловище
• limb - конечность
• forehead - лоб
• mouth - рот
• tongue - язык
• palate - нёбо
• gums - десны
• tooth - зуб
• to breathe - дышать
• stomach - желудок
• liver - печень
• spleen - селезенка
• kidney - почка
• gall-bladder - желчный пузырь

• Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний.
• - защищает органы от повреждений;
• - верхняя часть туловища;
• - верхние конечности – руки;
• - нижние конечности – ноги;
• - легкие, сердце, пищевод – основные органы в

грудной клетки;

• - печень, селезенка, желудок, почки, желчный

пузырь, кишечник, мочевой пузырь – основные

органы в абдоминальной полости;

• - голова состоит из двух частей - черепа, лица;
• - головной мозг;
• - лицо состоит изо лба, глаз, щек, ушей, носа, рта,

подбородка;

• - десны, зубы, язык, нёбо находятся во рту;
• - сердце совершает 60-80 ударов в минуту;
• - кости покрыты мышцами.

Закончите предложения, заменив русские слова в скобках их английскими

эквивалентами.

1. A man has four ( конечностей) ………………………

2. (Глаза) …………….. are under the ( лоб) ………………

3. (Язык) …………………… is the organ for speech.

4. The heart is in the ( грудная клетка) ……………………..

5. We breathe with the ( легкие) ……………………..

6. The skull contains ( головной мозг) ………………………

7. (Шея) connects the head with the ( туловище) ………………..

8. The spleen is in the ( брюшная полость) ………………………

9. (Плечо) ………………. connects the upper extremity with the chest.

10. The leg consists of the hip, thigh, knee, ( голень) ……………… ankle and the foot.

Найдите и переведите существительные,

соответствующие данным глаголам.

to smell speech

to hear touch

to taste taste

to touch hearing

to think thinking

to see sight

to speak smell

Вставьте соответствующие слова в пропуски.

1. The brain is the organ of …………..

2. The eye is the organ of ……………..

3. The nose is the organ of ……………

4. The tongue is the organ of …………

5. The ear is the organ of ……………..

We use both ,neither, either When we talk about the similarities of two things or people.

Ramyl speaks English.

Ex:

Manar speaks English too.

Both Ramyl and Manar speak English.

STRUCTURE

BOTH + PERSON&THING + AND + PER.&THING

+VERB(PLURAL ).

Aydyn is happy.

Gulya is happy too.

Both Aydyn and Gulya are happy.

OR

Both (of them) are happy.

NEITHER

Definition;It means not one and the other one.

Bat hates daylight.

Owl hates daylight

Neither bat nor owl likes daylight.

OR

Neither likes daylight or

Neither of them like(s) daylight.

EITHER

Definition;It means one of two or the other.

EITHER + PERSON&THING + OR + P&T

I’d like to drink either tea or coffe .

You can eat either the apple or the banana

PRACTICE

New York is the most crowded city in the USA.

Washington is the capital

of the USA.

Both New York and Washington

are cities in the USA.

Both of them love each other.

They both live in waters.

Old-happy

Both are old

but

Both of them are happy.

NEITHER -BOTH

Aida is an army officer.

Maksat is an army officer too.

Both she and he are army officer s .

Neither she nor he is a doctor.

Snake/alligator/pet

Neither snake nor alligator is a pet.

Dog/cow/fly

Neither dog nor cow can fly .

Both the girl and the boy are very strong.

They both work in hospital .

Both of them work in hospital.

fishing

glasses

Both of them wear glasses.

Both of them are fishing .

Choose one of the words "both", "either" or "neither" to fill the spaces in each question.

1. "Do you want the chicken salad or the tuna salad?" __________". I don't like salad! I'll have the pasta." 2. "Do you want the chicken salad or the tuna salad?" “___________! I am absolutely starving." 3. "Do you want the chicken salad or the tuna salad?" “________. It doesn't matter really. You choose for me." 4. _________Tim nor John knew what to do about the problem and I had to think of a solution quickly. 5. York and Chester are wonderful Roman cities in Britain. You would like _________ of them if you go.

6. _________you build a kennel for that dirty dog of yours out in the garden or you can clean the floor every day.

7. "I really am not enjoying this film!" "Me _________ ! Let's try another channel."

8. _________of the police officers knew the way to the school and I had to buy a map of the city.

9. I am _________ proud and happy to present the winner of this year's Best Film award....

10. __________ of us wants to declare bankruptcy but we may not have a choice. We can do that or we suffer years of debt.

The end