К 75-летию ООН:общее будущее общими силами

75 лет ООН: общее будущее общими силами.

Выполнил: ученик 8 «а» класса

Алексеев Даниил Сергеевич

Руководитель:

Васильева Людмила Якшаевна, учитель английского языка

МОУ ,,Коркатовский лицей ”

The United Nations (UN) is an international organization established to maintain and strengthen international peace and security and to develop cooperation between countries.

UN flag

UN member States

The name "United Nations" was first used in the United Nations Declaration signed on January 1, 1942 in Washington.The UN Statue was approved at the conference in San Francisco on June 26, 1945.

"The United Nations day", postage Stamp of the USSR, 1944.

UN statue

Structure.

General Secretary

Head of the Secretariat

The leader of the UN, presents and makes statements on its behalf. Informs the Security Council about possible threats to the world.

(is elected for 5 years)

The Security Council (15 countries)

It has the primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security.

• imposes international sanctions
• sends UN peacekeeping forces
• authorizes the conduct of military operations

Permanent members: "right of veto" (5 members)

Temporary member: (10 members)

(elected for 2 years)

Secretariat

Ensures the work of the UN

Diverse field of activity. Managing peacekeeping operations, mediation in international disputes, compiling reviews of economic and social trends, reports on human rights and development, etc.

International Court of Justice (15 judges)

Resolution of disputes and disagreements.

Deals with territorial and border disputes, illegal use of force, and advises the Security Council, the General Assembly, and other UN bodies.

The General Assembly of the UN (192 countries)

The main advisory, policy-making and representative body.

1 country = 1 vote

Annual sessions: September-December

Trusteeship Council

Management and supervision of wards

On October 1, 1994, it suspended its activities .

Specialized Agencies

An independent international organization created by the UN for the solution of specialized problems.

UNESCO, WHO , FAO, ILO, IAEA, WTO, etc.

Programs and funds

UNCTAD-UN Conference on trade and development.

UNICEF - UN Children's Fund.

UNEP-Environment Programme

UN-habitat – United Nations Programme for human settlements,

And other projects .

Economic and Social Council

Coordinates cooperation in the economic and social fields of the UN and its specialized agencies.

The United Nations Secretariat is one of the main UN organs.

UN Secretariat, New York

The UN General - Secretary is the chief administrative officer of the United Nations.

Hubert Miles Gladwin Jebb-the first acting officer UNGeneral Secretary

Trygve Halvdan Li-the first elected UN General Secretary

Antonio Manuel de Oliveira Guterres- UN General Secretary since January 1, 2017.

The UN General Assembly is the main deliberative, policy-making and representative organ of the UN.

The General Assembly hall

Panorama of the General Assembly building

Security Council.

Permanent members of the UN Security Council

According to the article 23 of the UN Charter the Security Council consists of 15 members of the Organization. 5 States are permanent. They are:

Russia

China

Africa

Asia Pacific

Eastern Europe

Latin America and the Caribbean (GRULAC)

Western Europe and other countries (WEOG)

Great Britain

France

USA

Permanent representatives of Russia in the UN .

The first representative of the USSR in the UN Andrei Gromyko .

Representative of Russia from 2006-2007 in the UN Vitaly Churkin .

The permanent representative in the UN since July 27, 2017 Vasiliy Nebenzya

• Thanks to Russia, the UN Security Council was reformed.
• In March 2003, Russian Foreign Minister Igor Ivanov stated that " the reform of the UN and the Security Council is obvious, the world and the balance of power have changed“.

Igor Sergeevich Ivanov  

UN peacekeeping force (UN peacekeeping contingent).

UN peacekeepers in Eritrea.

Norwegian peacekeeper during the siege of Sarajevo (Bosnian war), summer 1992.

The International Court of Justice is established by the UN Charter to achieve one of the main goals of the UN "to settle or resolve international disputes or situations that may lead to a breach of the peace by peaceful means, in accordance with the principles of justice and international law".

Emblem of The International Court of Justice.

The Peace Palace in the Hague is the seat of the International Court of Justice.

Russian judges in the International Court of Justice Kirill Goratsievich Gevorgian (b. April 8, 1953) — a Russian diplomat and a lawyer, a judge of the International Court of Justice of the United Nations since 2015.

Leonid Alekseyevich Skotnikov (March 26, 1951, Kalinin, USSR) was a Russian lawyer and diplomat, a judge of the International Court of Justice of the United Nations (February 6, 2006-February 6, 2015).

UN budget

The calculation of the UN budget is a process that involves all members of the organization.

Calculation of membership fees on the example of 2019-2020.

Country

Contribution in 2019 (USD USA)

  USA

674 206 698

  China

Contribution in 2020 (USD USA)

% in the UN 2020 budget

678 613 826

334 726 585

Japan

22 %

238 783 713

  Germany

370 307 226

169 802 990

12,005 %

264 165 855

Great Britain

8,564 %

127 338 301

France

187 852 646

140 874 061

  Italy

123 434 785

6,09 %

4,567 %

92 206 648

136 555 610

  Brazil

102 007 997

4,427 %

82 196 915

  Canada

76 230 111

3,307 %

90 934 253

  Russia

84 333 191

67 056 845

Korean republic

2,948 %

2,734 %

63 209 094

74 184 830

2,405 %

69 928 070

2,267 %

The United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) is one of the main bodies of the United Nations that coordinates cooperation in the economic and social fields of the United Nations and its specialized agencies.

  Photo of the first ECOSOC session held at Church house in London on January 23, 1946.

Meeting room of the UN Economic and Social Council.

The UN Economic and Social Council is divided into regional commissions: 1.Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) 2.Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) 3.Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) 4.Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) 5.Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) Russia has been a member of the UN Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) since March 28, 1947.

UN specialized agencies are independent international organizations linked to the United Nations by a special cooperation agreement. Specialized agencies are established on the basis of intergovernmental agreements

Title

Date of foundation

World Meteorological Organization (WMO)

Location

1947

World Health Organisation  (WHO)

1948

Geneva

Universal Postal Union  (UPU)

World Tourism Organization (WTO)

Geneva

1947

1974

Bern

International Development Association (IDA)

Madrid

1960

Washington

The international Maritime organization  (IMO)

International civil aviation organization  (ICAO)

1959

International labour organization (ILO)

London

1944

International finance corporation (IF C )

1946

Montreal

Geneva

International Bank for reconstruction and development  (IBRD)

1956

Washington

1944

International monetary fund  (IMF)

Washington

1944

Washington

International Telecommunication Union  (ITU)

1947

International Fund for Agricultural development  (IFAD)

1977

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization  (UNESCO)

Geneva

1946

United Nations Industrial Development Organization  (UNIDO)

Rome

1966

Paris

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations  (FAO)

Vienna

1945

Rome

Thank you for your attention!