Дифференцированный зачет для студентов 4 курса специальности 08.02.05 Строительство и эксплуатация автомобильных дорог и аэродромов.
Раздел 1. Чтение.
Advantages and disadvantages of the Public Transport
While some people choose to use public transportations, others prefer to use their own cars.
I believe that public transport is very important in our everyday life because it is a convenient way to get to your destination. It is especially helpful for those who work in the city centres where taking a car is sometimes impossible. It is also very useful for teenagers since they do not have a driver’s license. It allows them to have some independence and not always rely on a parent or another adult to drive them around. While not always perfect, public transport is quite reliable. There are timetables which tell you when the means of transport run and since the same routes are followed, you have a rough idea of how long it will take to get to your destination. Many people have their own cars, and while it might be easier to use them in the evenings and at weekends, I believe that public transport is the best alternative for everyday life. It is less expensive to use public transport than pay for petrol and car maintenance. What is more, if more people used public transport our city streets would be less congested and there would be less pollution. So public transport is not only more economical, it also helps us protect our environment.
In conclusion, people have different opinions about public transportations. Some people enjoy using them, while others choose to use their own personal vehicles. Although public transportations have some weaknesses, I do believe that the benefits outweighed the drawbacks. I also suggest that the government should improve the public transportation services, therefore more and more people are attracted to use public transportations.
T: Answer the following questions:
1. What is important in our everyday life?
2. Who is it especially helpful for?
3. Why is public transport useful for teenagers?
4. What can tell you when the means of transport run?
5. Why is public transport quite reliable?
6. When is it easier to use a private vehicle?
7. How does public transport help us protect the environment?
8. What can attract more people to use public transportations more?
Раздел 2. Лексика.
Задание 2. Соедините слова и их значение.
| Word | Definition |
| 1. sheet aluminium | a. tables at the side of or above roads to give instructions or provide information to road users |
| 2. traffic volume | b. the number of cars on the road |
| 3. visibility | c. to give someone something that they need |
| 4. measurement system | d. a type of hard iron that will not bend easily and is made into shapes by being poured into a mould when melted |
| 5. road sign | e. a chemical element that is a light, silver-coloured metal, having a form of thin flat plate |
| 6. cast iron | f. the amount of space between two places |
| 7. distance | g. how clearly objects can be seen, or how far you can see clearly, usually because of the weather conditions |
| 8. to provide | h. a set of units of measurement which can be used to specify anything |
Раздел 3. Грамматика.
Задание 3.Вставьте местоимения who, whose или which.
1. Mary don’t know ___ sheet of paper it was. 2. We are talking about the book ___ we bought a week ago. 3. I didn’t know the woman ___ was looking at me yesterday in the shop. 4. Where is the cake ___ he cooked yesterday? 5. Do you know ___ dog it is? 6. I know ___ broke your laptop. 7. They are discussing the girl ___ won the competition. 8. Do you see the cat ___ has a big violet bow? 9. She wonders ___ bike it is. 10. The chocolate ___ I bought is in the fridge.
Раздел 4. Письмо.
Задние 4. Вставьте слова в пропуски.
| road signs, intersection, traffic volume, retroreflective, sheet aluminium, visibility, distance, stone and wood, mandatory sign, prohibitory signs
|
1. _________ were used as materials for first road signs.
2. If the _________ on the road is bad you should be very careful while driving.
3. Road signs may be done of _________.
4. _________ are necessary to regulate traffic flows.
5. In Russia the _________ between cities is usually given in kilometres.
6. To avoid car accidents it is better to place a traffic-light at the road _________.
7. _________ tells us how to behave on the road.
8. _________ say what is not allowed to do on the road.
9. Nowadays cars become more available and _________ increases.
10. Road signs must be _________ for them to be well seen at night.
Раздел 5. Говорение.
Задание 5. Ответьте на вопросы.
1. What are the main factors on which the type of construction depends?
2. How many steps are distinguished in road construction?
3. What types of pavement do you know?
4. Why are flexible/rigid pavements called so?
5. What types of road junctions are there in your city?
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