Презентация к уроку английского языка "Michael Faraday"

Michael Faraday  

(22 September 1791 – 25 August 1867)

Teacher: Medvedeva Ekaterina Vladdimirovna

School: № 28

Michael Faraday  was an English scientist who contributed to the study of electromagnetism and electrochemistry. His main discoveries include the principles underlying electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism and electrolysis.

He created the first model of an electric motor. Among his other discoveries are the first transformer, the chemical action of current, the laws of electrolysis, the effect of a magnetic field on light, diamagnetism. He was the first to predict electromagnetic waves.

Michael Faraday’s life

Michael Faraday was born on September 22, 1791 in a small town near London. His family was not well off. Due to the difficult financial situation, Michael had to leave school at the age of 13 and find a job.

In 1812, at the age of 20 and at the end of his apprenticeship, Faraday attended lectures by the eminent English chemist Humphry Davy of the Royal Institution and the Royal Society, and John Tatum .

In 1813, when Davy damaged his eyesight in an accident, he decided to employ Faraday as an assistant.

Faraday married Sarah Barnard (1800–1879) on 12 June 1821. They had no children .

In June 1832, the University of Oxford granted Faraday an honorary Doctor of Civil Law degree. Elected a member of the Royal Society in 1824, he twice refused to become President.

  In 1832, Faraday was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1838. In 1849 he was elected as associated member to the Royal Institute of the Netherlands, which two years later became the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and he was subsequently made foreign member.

Having provided a number of various service projects for the British government, when asked by the government to advise on the production of chemical weapons for use in the Crimean War (1853–1856), Faraday refused to participate citing ethical reasons.

Faraday died at his house at Hampton Court on 25 August 1867, aged 75.

Scientific achievements

Chemistry

In 1816, Faraday published his first printed book, his piggy bank consisted of forty printed works. All these works were devoted to chemistry. In 1820, the scientist conducted numerous experiments with metals, and it turned out that if nickel is added to steel, then such an alloy does not oxidize.

Electricity and magnetism

He published an article in which he described the principle of operation of an electric motor, which became the beginning of industrial electrical engineering.

In 1820, the scientist began to conduct experiments to find out how electricity and a magnetic field interact. At that time, the concept of "direct current source", described by Volt, already existed, they knew what an electric arc, electrolysis and an electromagnet were.

In 1835, the scientist felt worse, and for two years he did not engage in scientific work. Close contact of the scientist with mercury vapors used for experiments could be the cause of the ailment. After recovering, he worked very little and fell ill again. In 1840,

his condition

worsened, he

felt weak, he

suffered a

short-term

memory loss.

Faraday cage

In his work on static electricity, Faraday's ice pail experiment demonstrated that the charge resided only on the exterior of a charged conductor, and exterior charge had no influence on anything enclosed within a conductor.

This shielding effect is used in what is now known as a Faraday cage.

Michael Faraday was in poverty all his life. His income was a tiny pension of £ 22 a year. In 1841, the public turned to the Prime Minister, William Lam, and he was forced to sign a decree appointing the scientist a more decent pension - 300 pounds a year.

Many saw in him the lord of lightning and the king of physicists, but he remained a modest teacher, who believed in God and worshiped the great mysteries of Nature.

Thank you for the attention!