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FCE (First Certificate) Word Formation: Verbs

Write the correct form of the word in brackets to complete these sentences. Be very careful - these are verbs. So, for example, if the word is DEEP, the verb could be deepen, deepens, deepening or deepened.

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1. I find it difficult to   my work. (PRIORITY)

2. I'm studying medicine. I want to   in genetics. (SPECIAL)

3. This photograph is too small. Can you   it for me? (LARGE)

4. I didn't understand what you just said. Could you   it? (CLEAR)

5. My electronic dictionary   me to listen to the pronunciation of new words. (ABLE)

6. He loves insects. He can   over 50 different types of beetle.(IDENTITY)

7. There are a lot of accidents on this road - the council should   it. (WIDTH)

8. The time we spent apart only   my love for him. (STRONG)

9. You didn't   what flavour you wanted, so I got you chocolate. (SPECIFIC)

10. His speech was too long. He should have   it. (SHORT)

11. He always thinks he's right. He never   for his mistakes. (APOLOGY)

12. I think the government should   alcohol. (CRIMINAL)

13. Thank you for the flowers you sent last month. They really   up my room. (BRIGHT)

14. The burglar   that no one was in the house before he broke in. (SURE)

15. The film "The Ring"   me. I couldn't sleep for days. (TERROR)

16. The government's plans for the hospitals will   thousands of lives. (DANGER)

Word Formation: Nouns with -ion

Write the correct form of the word in brackets to complete these sentences. Some of the answers are irregular (from the table above), but there are other regular nouns included here. Don't forget to use an -s if necessary.

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1. Please send a photograph with your CV and   form. (APPLY)

2. You need to make a   today. (DECIDE)

3. Her   of the grammar was very unclear. (EXPLAIN)

4. We had a long   about our problems. (DISCUSS)

5. Students must have their parent's   to come on the trip. (PERMIT)

6. He is still in hospital, recovering from his  . (OPERATE)

7. I entered a bowling  . (COMPETE)

8. My children never show   for anything I do! (APPRECIATE)

9. I can't come up with a   to this problem. (SOLVE)

10. The   of junk food has increased over the last 20 years. (CONSUME)

11. You need a lot of   for this job. (QUALIFY)

12. When I lived abroad, I found the   from my family very difficult. (SEPARATE)

13. The   of the new flats is nearly finished. (CONSTRUCT)

14. We don't want a   of the violence at last year's football match. (REPEAT)

15. The police are conducting an   into the murder. (INVESTIGATE)

16. I gave the police a   of the thief. (DESCRIBE)

17. It wasn't my   to offend you. (INTEND)

18. We are making   for the wedding. (PREPARE)

19. I've just had a very interesting   with your sister. (CONVERSE)

20. You can try our product for free, with no   to buy it. (OBLIGE)

Verb + ment / adjective + ness

Many verbs can form nouns with the suffix -ment. And many adjectives can form their nouns with the suffix -ness.

Write the correct form of the word in brackets to complete these sentences. There are lots more examples here than in the list above, so remember that often verbs use 'ment' to make nouns, and often adjectives use 'ness'. And remember that sometimes the nouns will be plural!

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1. "Ladies and gentlemen, I would like to make an   . (ANNOUNCE)

2.  is a problem everywhere, not just in big cities. (HOMELESS)

3. His   made me very angry. (RUDE)

4. What   does your doctor recommend for the 'flu? (TREAT)

5. We had a big   about whose turn it was to wash up. (ARGUE)

6. I woke up at 2am. The house was in complete   . (DARK)

7. We need some special   if we want to go mountain climbing. (EQUIP)

8. If you drink too much alcohol, it will impair your   . (JUDGE)

9. The interviewer asked me about my strengths and   . (WEAK)

10. My friends gave me a lot of   when I was worried about my driving test. (ENCOURAGE)

11. To my  , I was offered £10,000 for my old car! (AMAZE)

12. The company has made lots of   to their internet services. (IMPROVE)

13. I used to find his   funny, but now it really annoys me. (FORGETFUL)

14. Winning the race was an amazing   for my daughter. (ACHIEVE)

15. This book is very unrealistic, but that didn't spoil my  of it. (ENJOY)

16. We are still making   for the wedding next month. (ARRANGE)

17. Drivers should stop to rest during long car journeys, because   can cause accidents. (TIRED)

18. People can experience   at many times during their lives, and for many reasons. (LONELY)

Word Formation: Nouns with -ence and -ance

Two common noun endings are -ance and -ence. Usually, their adjectives are made with -ant and -ent. Here are some common examples which might help you in the FCE exam.

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1. Unfortunately, accidents are a common   along this road. (OCCUR)

2. It's difficult to believe in the   of aliens. (EXIST)

3. The police are looking for   of the attack. (EVIDENT)

4. She thinks everyone hates her and needs   from her friends all the time. (REASSURE)

5. Scientist believe that the mysterious   of millions of bees is due to disease. (APPEAR)

6. What's the best punishment for a   teenager? (OBEY)

7. What he said was true, but it was completely  . (RELEVANCE)

8. 100%   is necessary to pass this course. (ATTEND)

9. I'm the only person who believes in his  . Even the police think he's guilty. (INNOCENT)

10. There are three shop   over there - you should ask one of them for help. (ASSIST)

11. Some people think that if you enjoy your job, the salary is  , but I love money! (IMPORTANCE)

12. I'm excited because I've just got a letter of   from Cambridge University! (ACCEPT)

13. Cats are extremely   animals. They don't really need people. (DEPEND)

14. You need a lot of   if you want to work with children. (PATIENT)

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Word Formation: Adjectives with -ful/-less

Most adjectives which end in -ful make the negative with -less. But, not all. Note also that we can make adverbs from these adjectives with -fully or -lessly. For example, carefully and carelessly. This is a list of key words which might appear in the FCE exam.

Write the correct adjective or adverb for each of these questions. You will need to use -ful/-less or -fully/-lessly. Some answers will also need un-.

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1. What a lovely present! That was very   of you. (THINK)

2. He drives really   - one day he's going to have an accident. (CARE)

3. He's told me   times about how good he is at football. (COUNT)

4. Because of his bad interview, he was   in his job application. (SUCCEED)

5. "I didn't eat your chocolate," she said   , hiding the empty wrapper. (TRUE)

6. It's   . England will never win the World Cup football again. (HOPE)

7. My best friend is a rich,   lawyer. (POWER)

8. You must remember to recharge your phone. Without its batteries, it's  . (USE)

9. Cigarettes are   to your health. (HARM)

10. The sales assistant was really   and rude. (HELP)

11. A newborn baby is completely   . (HELP)

12. "Don't worry - this injection will be completely   . (PAIN)

13. Thieves broke into the museum and stole a   painting by Van Gogh. (PRICE)

14. She's really rich, but her clothes are always very   and elegant. (TASTE)

15. I bought some shares in the company 5 years ago, but unfortunately now they are   . (WORTH)

16. His speech went on  . I thought he'd never stop talking. (END)

Word Formation: Negatives

1. Negative prefixes can be used with nouns, verbs, adjective and adverbs. For example disapproval, disapprove, disapproving, disapprovingly.

2. Usually im + p (impatient) but not always (unpleasant).

3. Often il + l (illegal) but not always (unlikely).

4. Often ir + r (irregular) but not always (unresponsive).

5. Usually -ful changes to -less (harmful/less) but not always (endless).

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1. The politician was accused of being   (HONEST)

2. His story was so   I thought he was crazy. (BELIEVE)

3. She looked at him in   when he told her the shocking news. (BELIEVE)

4. Many people are   of the dangers of mobile phones. (AWARE)

5. He's invited me to his party. It would be   to say no. (POLITE)

6. Too many children nowadays are growing up   . (LITERATE)

7. That's not what I said! You've   me. (UNDERSTAND)

8. My dog is completely  . I promise he won't bite. (HARM)

9. The medicine was   - he didn't recover. (EFFECT)

10. His answers were very   so he failed the Maths exam. (ACCURATE)

11. It's   that people will ever live on the moon. (LIKELY)

12. He waited   for the train. (PATIENT)

13. It's   to smoke in public places nowadays. (LEGAL)

14. I would never teach children. They always  . (BEHAVE)

15. The shirt he's wearing is completely   for a job interview. (APPROPRIATE)

16. His speech was  . I thought he'd never stop talking. (END)

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Word Formation: Irregular Nouns

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1. The flowers are   poisonous - don't eat them! (DIE)

2. You have no   - you must do it. (CHOOSE)

3. Their   was a very happy one. (MARRY)

4. You need to do some more   of this grammar. (PRACTISE)

5. We don't have any   that he committed the crime. (PROVE)

6. She's really   about her new haircut.(DEFEND)

7. The company made a   on their new product. (LOSE)

8. I stared at him in   . (BELIEVE)

9. Your parents really care about your  . (SAVE)

10. The politician's   really made me think about the issues. (SPEAK)

11. We tried to keep up the   that everything was OK. (PRETEND)

12. I need to get a   for my parents' wedding anniverary. (GIVE)

13. I'm really sorry. You were   in your job application. (SUCCEED)

14. He lost his   in the accident (SEE)

15. He's really selfish and   . (THINK)

Word Formation: height, width ...

The word formation part of the FCE use of English exam often tests adjectives such as 'short', 'wide', 'dark' and their nouns and verbs. Here is a list of some of the more common adjectives and their forms.

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1. Normally I prefer tall men, but my husband's   isn't a problem. (SHORT)

2. The news report covered the economic crisis in   . (DEEP)

3. A healthy diet will   your life expectancy. (LONG)

4. If they   this road, there would be fewer accidents. (WIDE)

5. I think I'll   this photograph. (LARGE)

6. The airport has   security at passport control. (TIGHT)

7. I do yoga to   my back. (STRONG)

8. There is a water   nearly every summer in the south of England. (SHORT)

9. The moment I left work I   my tie and started to relax. (LOOSE)

10. When I   myself, I found out I'd lost 10kg! (WEIGHT)

11. The   of my computer screen gives me a headache. (BRIGHT)

12. I'm afraid of   so I couldn't live on the 10th floor. (HIGH)

13. The lights went out and the room was plunged into   . (DARK)

14. I'm afraid of the   so I sleep with the lights on. (DARKEN)

15. The government are going to   the legal drinking age to 18. (LOW)

16. His long illness has   him. (WEAK)

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