Методические указания к разделу развивающего курса английского языка «УСЛОВИЯ ЖИЗНИ. РАБОТА»

МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ АРХАНГЕЛЬСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

Государственное автономное профессиональное образовательное учреждение

Архангельской области

«Архангельский политехнический техникум»

(ГАПОУ АО «АПТ»)

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ

К РАЗДЕЛУ РАЗВИВАЮЩЕГО КУРСА

АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА

«УСЛОВИЯ ЖИЗНИ. РАБОТА»

Архангельск 2020

Настоящие методические указания предназначены для студентов 1 курса всех профессий и специальностей ГАПОУ АО «АПТ» очной и заочной формы обучения для организации аудиторной и самостоятельной работы.

Методические указания состоят из тематических циклов, которые ориентированы на совершенствование знаний, умений и навыков.

Организация-разработчик: государственное автономное профессиональное образовательное учреждение Архангельской области «Архангельский политехнический техникум».

Разработчик:

Пантелеева Л. Г., преподаватель иностранного языка ГАПОУ АО «Архангельский политехнический техникум»

Рассмотрена и рекомендована к утверждению на заседании предметно-цикловой комиссии _______________________________________________.

Протокол заседания ПЦК № _____ от «_____»_____________ 20___ г.

Председатель ПЦК: _____________________ /Васильева Н.Г./.

ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ

ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ 4

РАЗДЕЛ 8. УСЛОВИЯ ЖИЗНИ. РАБОТА 5

Тема 8.1. My future profession 5

Тема 8.2. Job. Job Search 9

Тема 8.3. CV. Job Interview 12

ТЕМАТИЧЕСКИЕ ГЛОССАРИИ 19

My future profession 19

Job. Job Search 21

CV. Job Interview 24

СПИСОК РЕКОМЕНДУЕМЫХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ 27

Основные источники 27

Дополнительные источники 27

Интернет-ресурсы 27

ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ

Настоящие Методические указания предназначены для обучающихся и студентов 1 курса очного и заочного отделения всех профессий и специальностей ГАПОУ АО «АПТ». Они составлены в соответствии с рабочей программой учебной дисциплины ОУД.03 Иностранный (английский) язык.

Целью обучения английскому языку является подготовка обучающихся и студентов к общению на этом языке в устной и письменной формах, что предполагает наличие у них определенных знаний, умений и навыков, которые после окончания курса дадут им возможность:

- читать оригинальную литературу по специальности для получения необходимой информации;

- принимать участие в устном общении на английском языке в объеме материала, предусмотренного рабочей программой учебной дисциплины ОУД.03 Иностранный (английский) язык;

- приобрести навыки самостоятельной работы с иностранной литературой.

В процессе изучения английского языка реализуются также общеобразовательные и воспитательные задачи обучения.

Курс обучения английскому языку обучающихся и студентов ГАПОУ АО «АПТ» делится на два этапа: вводно-коррективный и развивающий курсы.

Методические указания включают в себя все темы развивающего курса, содержащие адаптированные тексты и диалоги, практические упражнения по его закреплению способствующих развитию и совершенствованию произносительных навыков.

Материал указаний может быть рекомендован для всех лиц, желающих повысить уровень владения английским языком.

РАЗДЕЛ 8. УСЛОВИЯ ЖИЗНИ. РАБОТА

Тема 8.1. My future profession

1. Read the text and translate it.

My future profession

What I would like to become? This question is important for me. Every job has its elements of difficulties and interest. I think that nearly all the professions are very important in life. But to choose the right occupation is very difficult, because we must take in to consideration many factors. We must consider our personal taste and our kind of mind. At the same time, we must satisfy the requirements of our society and people’s needs in one profession or another.

The end of school is the beginning of an independent life, the beginning of a more serious examination. In order to pass that very serious exam we must choose the road in life, which will help us best to live and work. Each boy and girl has every opportunity to develop skills and use knowledge and education received at school. Some may prefer to work in factories or plants, others want to go into construction: to take part in building power stations and new towns. Many opportunities to work and to satisfy at the same time the requirements of the society and your own personal interest are offered in the sphere of the services transport, communications and many others.

When choosing a future career it is important to keep in the consideration the following things:

• do you like meeting and dealing with people;

• do you like to work inside;

• do you enjoy thinking about problems;

• do you enjoy working with your hands;

• do you like working on you own;

• do you enjoy being creative.

Analyzing all this will help not to make wrong choice.

Various tests, which determine which group of professions you are inclined to, can also help.

2. Test yourself.

1a. to care of animals. 1b. to work with machines. 2a. to care of sick people 2b. to make schemes, programmes. 3a. to watch quality of figures 3b. to watch the plants 4a. to process materials (a tree, a fabric, plastic) 4b. to sell or advertise goods 5a. to discuss scientific articles or books 5b.to discuss books, plays or concerts 6a to grow farm animals 6b.to train somebody in sport or labor skills 7a. to copy pictures 7b. to grow plants 8a.to look for and explain an information 8b. to prepare concerts plays 9a. to repair clothes, houses 9b. to correct mistakes in texts and pictures 10a. to treat animals 10b. to do counts

11a. to make new kinds of plants 11b. to design new kinds of things 12a. to solve difficult situations 12b. to check up, to make in order tables and schemes 13a. to watch the work clubs 13b. to watch microbes 14a. to watch the work of medical machines 14b. to treat people 15a. to give a detailed description of experiments 15b. to describe different events 16a. to do medical tests in a hospital 16b. to talk to sick people 17a. to paint walls or things 17b. to build houses or machines 18a. to organize trips and excursions 18b. to take part in plays or concerts 19a. to make a thing according to the working drawing 19b. to make working drawings 20a. to treat plants or trees 20b. to type

Man-nature	Man-techniques	Man-man	Man- symbols	Man-object of art
1a	1b	2a	2b	3a
3b	4a	4b	5a	5b
6a	7b	6b	9b	7a
10a	9a	8a	10b	8b
11a	11b	12a	12b	13a
13b	14a	14b	15a	15b
16a	17b	16b	19b	17a
20a	19a	18a	20b	18b

3. Divide the following occupations into these groups by filling in the table.

journalist, designer, sociologist, chemist, biologist, biochemist, dentist, doctor, businessman, farmer, physicist, physician, computer operator, electrician, mechanic, model, actor, ecologist, politician, lectures, professor, conductor, pilot, geologist, architect, jockey, manager, director, producer, sportsman, footballer, specialist, policeman, musician, pianist, detective, economist, secretary, cook, mathematician, composter

Man-nature	Man-techniques	Man-man	Man- symbols	Man-object of art

4. Within each profession, a person must perform many different functions. Nevertheless, one can always single out one key among them.

a) Guess from the description of the function what profession we are talking about.

1. They deliver letters.

2. They sell meat.

3. They mend or make things with wood.

4. They drive cars.

5. They sell flowers.

6. They operate on people.

7. They ride horses in races.

8. They look after people’s teeth.

9. They dig coal from the ground.

10. They sell fruit and vegetables.

11. They look after people’s eyes.

12. They make and sell bread.

b) Match each profession with its function.

a teacher a doctor a policeman a clown a postman a dancer a fireman a baker a dentist 10 a pupil

a) He bakes bread. b) He works in a circus. c) He takes care of our teeth. d) He fights fires. e) She studies at school. f) He delivers letters. g) She gives pupils homework. h) He helps sick people. i) He protects people. j) She works in a theatre.

c) What do these people do?

1. A farmer _____________________________________________________________________

2. A vet _________________________________________________________________________

3. A teacher ____________________________________________________________________

4. A photographer _________________________________________________________________

5. An astronaut _____________________________________________________________________

6. A nurse ______________________________________________________________________

7. A pilot ______________________________________________________________________

8. A plumber ___________________________________________________________________

9. A hairdresser _________________________________________________________________

10. A carpenter __________________________________________________________________

5. a) What do they do? Put the sentences from the list into the correct columns below.

She wears a uniform.		She works with children.
He gets up very early.		He answers the phone.
He lives in the country.		She corrects homework.
She goes to foreign countries.		She serves people with food and drinks.
He likes animals.		He gives people room keys.
He meets a lot of people.		She speaks three languages.
She looks after passengers.		She works in a school.
He uses a word processor.		She travels a lot.
She works at home, too.		He works outside.
He has two students.		She stays in a hotels a lot.
She is an air hostess.	He’s a receptionist.		She’s a teacher.	He’s a farmer.
1.	1.		1.	1.
2.	2.		2.	2.
3.	3.		3.	3.
4.	4.		4.	4.

b) Make a similar table for all professions of our technical school.

6. What are this people going to be? Write sentences using the words below:

Example: 1. Frank and I are learning to fly. We’re going to be pilots.

2. Marina’s good at language.

3. John likes songs.

4. Mary goes to Drama school.

5. Sue and Peter are studying law.

6. Ann loves animals.

7. Bill cooks very well.

8. Lisa can run very fast.

9. Pamela likes to explain grammar rules.

10. Brian protects environment.

7. What is a profession?

Use the phrase:

To my mind this is a profession of…

I think…

It seems to me…

a) This profession requires special education; the person should be kindhearted, careful, courageous, sensitive to the need of others; should be sympathetic to the pain of other people; should be very handy, devoted to this duty, selfless.

b) This profession requires special education; the person should be king, generous, strict and just; should love children; should possess deep and broad knowledge of a subject; should be responsive, honest, tactful, reserved, patient and tolerant.

c) This trade requires special qualities; the person should be careful; should have quick reactions; should have vision and hearing; should know and observe the traffic rules; should be a good mechanic.

d) This profession requires special education and physical qualities; the person should be very well educated in physics, mathematics, astronomy; should be in a perfect state of health; should have good endurance and the ability to stand great strain and the state of weightlessness; should be courageous and daring.

e) This profession needs special qualities; ability to stand heights or depths, extremes of heat or cold, courage, curiosity, the sense of duty, the ability to risk, good health, devotion to one’s idea, confidence in success.

f) This profession needs the following qualities; enterprise, the ability to foresee, to analyze and to risk; the ability to keep promises; the person should be disciplined, well behaved, communicative; should know foreign languages; to be a good psychologist.

8. Tell me about your profession. Why did you choose it? What will you do when you get your education?

Тема 8.2. Job. Job Search

1. Read the text and do some exercises.

HR terminology has the concepts of hiring period and hiring process.

Hiring period is the period of time from the moment a vacancy is posted to the moment a candidate is hired.

The hiring process includes several stages: determining the company’s need for a new employee (need for a new employee), posting a job advertisement, screening and interviewing candidates, offering a job to the selected candidate (offering the selected candidate a job), hiring a candidate, and placement and onboarding.

The recruitment process is often referred to as recruitment (UK) or hiring (US).

Depending on the stage at which he is, the same person can be called differently:

Job seeker – a person who is looking for a job;

Applicant – a person who submitted a resume for the vacancy;

Candidate – a person who is being considered for a specific position;

Interviewee – a candidate undergoing interview;

Recruit / hire – a person who is hired to work;

Employee – a person who works in this company;

On the other hand, the process involves:

Recruiter / hiring manager – recruiting manager, a person who recruits employees;

Interviewer – a person who conducts the interview;

Employer – a person who can offer you a job;

Headhunter – a recruiting specialist who is looking for the right specialists and luring employees from competitors.

A job seeker looks at job boards, company career sites, and other sources of job postings, examines employers’ job postings on the Internet to find a job that suits them.

In newspapers, vacancies can be found in the “Wanted” section (situation vacant pages, appointment pages, jobs pages). In American English, these sections may be called “want ads” or “classified ads”.

Jobseekers can also contact the employment agency, which can help them connect with potential employers in the labor market.

In recent years, a method like Facebook / Linkedin / Twitter recruiting becomes very popular – when recruiters and job seekers find each other on social networks.

a. Arrange words and phrases in the correct order depending on the stage of your job search. Please note that some words can be located at the same stage, because they are synonymous or represent the employee’s side and the employer’s side:

	Interviewee
	Headhunter
	Employee
	Employer
	Applicant
	Interviewer
	hiring manager
	Candidate
	Recruiter
	Recruit
	Job seeker
	hire

b. Draw a diagram for obtaining information about vacancies.

2. Read the text and do the exercise below.

Job search in Russia and Western Europe has some differences, which are explained by the specifics of the labor market.

In the West, the number of vacancies on average exceeds the number of people searching for job. Therefore, the employer there is more interested in finding an employee for the position. This determines the strategy of a job seeker: he studies the ads, selects the companies that suit him, sends out a resume and waits for a call from the hiring department. Of course, then everything depends on him: on the quality of the resume he sent, on how he showed himself in a telephone conversation and in a face-to-face interview. But he can be sure that they will definitely call him back. Even if he is not suitable for this particular position. It is customary in Western culture to respect each other’s time and effort. And if some company neglects such elementary politeness and does not respond to letters, this will affect its business reputation.

In Russia, the situation is different: unemployment is growing at a monstrous rate in the country, and the employer is sure that in any case he will find someone to fill the proposed vacancy. That is why the strategy of a job seeker is different in our country. We also search for job on ads (and according to statistics, we often do this on the Internet), but then we start moving in a different way. There are two options: call the company we are interested in and find out more about the vacancy (very often it turns out that what is written in the ad is not entirely true) and, if the contact person has previously approved you, send them your resume. Then we wait a few days, and if they don’t call us back (which is what happens most often), we start calling them again to find out if we approached or not. It often turns out that someone has already been hired for this position, and they did not even bother to inform you. Unfortunately, this kind of rudeness is quite common. This is annoying, but what’s the point in complaining? Potential workers don’t care. The second option is to send your resume without calling in advance. But then you still have to call to see if they’ve read your resume and if you are suitable for the position.

In the last decades, when a lot of international and transcontinental corporations came to Russia, we have begun to develop a Western hiring culture. But this is happening at a very slow pace.

a. Do you have an experience in job searchin? Tell us about it by answering the following questions:

What sources did you use to find out about vacancies in your community?

What were you guided by when choosing a field of occupation?

What strategy did you follow?

Was your experience successful?

If not, what was the reason for your failure?

3. Either you live in Russia or in Western Europe (or maybe you are going to move there), you will have to talk on the phone about the vacancy that interests you. Explore the English phone tips and conversation templates provided on these sites (https://ienglish.ru/blog/business-angliiskiy-po-skype/delovoi-angliiskiy-etiket/frazi-i-virazheniia-dlia-uspeshnogo-razgovora-na-angliiskom; https://englex.ru/useful-phrases-for-telephone-conversation-and-12-tips/; https://skyeng.ru/articles/vse-eshche-boites-govorit-po-telefonu-na-anglijskom), and make up a conversation around the following situations:

1. You are interested in the vacancy of a sales manager, but you are not sure if your experience is suitable for the position.

2. You have sent your resume, but haven’t called you back. But you really want to get this job!

3. A hiring manager called you back, but you already doubt whether this vacancy is right for you.

4. You are very interested in this vacancy, but you want to know if it is possible to work on it remotely and with a free schedule.

5. The employer really liked you, but there is another person who is also an ideal candidate for this position. The employer wants to speak with you on the phone before calling for a face-to-face interview.

4. Another option to apply for a job is to send a letter of application. Learn the rules for its writing on this site (https://engblog.ru/application-letter). Then choose any ad (for example, here Monster.com or here Reed.co.uk) and practice writing your own letter of application.

5. Job advertisements in the newspaper and on the Internet may differ. Newspaper text is always more concise, and accordingly there are many abbreviations in it, and an advertisement on the Internet is always more detailed:

Newspaper ad

High end rest looking for evening dishwasher Eligible applicants only (must have papers)

Internet ad

Job opportunity: Executive Secretary to the Managing Director Prestigious western financial institution seeks аn executive secretary to the managing director to provide full administrative support to the director, to maintain contacts with major clients according to high professional standards, to fulfil secretarial duties and handle PR matters in the office. Мain requirements: fluent English, age 24 – 30, good typing skills, PC literate, solid secretarial experience with top executives for at least 2 years. Please fax (095 222 22 22) your resume to Mrs. Jane Brown, Personnel Manager.

a. Research job openings on online newspapers and make a list of common abbreviations for job advertisements.

b. Try to compose a vacancy advertisement in any field of occupation.

Тема 8.3. CV. Job Interview

1. Read the text and do some exercises below.

Applying for a job

Apply for a job / position or complete an application form – submit, post a resume for a vacant position. Usually the package of necessary documents includes resume or CV and cover (or covering) letter. Some companies ask for a personal statement (motivation letter or essay about you) and reference letters (letters of recommendation). All documents submitted by an applicant are called applicant files.

There are two concepts in English: resume and CV. Many people mistakenly think that they are the same, but in fact, they are different documents.

Let’s compare them according to the main parameters:

	Resume	CV
Origin of the term	From French résumé - summary.	Acronym for the Latin curriculum vitae - life path.
Use of the term	Used in the US and English-speaking Canada. Even if they mean CV, they still say resume.	In Europe and French-speaking Canada. In the United States, the term CV is used only in the fields of medicine and science.
Volume	No more than two printed pages, optimally one.	The length is not limited.
Content and structure	Only data related to the position for which you are applying, skills important for obtaining this position are included.	All information about your professional path is included: about all your places of work, this is a broad and detailed description of yours.
Structure	Contact Information. Working experience. Education. Additional Information.	Contact Information. Education. Awards. Thesis. Research experience Working experience. Teaching Experience. Publications and presentations. Affiliation. Extracurricular Activities. References. Any relevant information that helps reveal your professional success is also included.
Ability to change	May vary depending on the vacancy you are applying for. You only indicate what is needed for a specific position, and you don't even have to mention the rest. If you are an expert in several fields, then it is quite normal to have several resumes.	Doesn't change because you cannot change your past. You indicate all places of work with a detailed description of your duties and achievements, describe in detail the period of study. CV can only be replenished with new achievements, obtaining new skills, certificates, participation in conferences and the like.
Who reads?	Recruiters, HR managers who deal with many resumes for different positions.	Specialists, professionals in any field.
How much time is spent for reading?	From a few seconds to a minute. Rather than reading, it’s browsing to find what the employer wants to see (skills, work experience, industry, etc.).	There is no clear time frame.
Goal	Attract attention and highlight skills and work experience in the most concise and meaningful way, indicating all the key points for this vacancy.	Show your achievements throughout all stages of your professional path: study, becoming a professional, scientific achievements. The employer reading your CV wants to understand what kind of person you are, reveal your character and draw conclusions about your potential as a specialist.
Order of presentation	Reverse: starts from your last job and ends up in training.	Chronological.
Format	Bullet points, underscores are used to draw attention to the most important data.	A bulleted list is rarely used. The presentation is like a story.

Lately, the conceptual difference between resume and CV has become fuzzy. In our country, few people know about this difference, and in the west, resumes are getting shorter. A candidate for a vacancy is considered primarily, not as a person, but as part of a group called “personnel”. Personnel recruiting is mainly done by recruiters who search the Internet for resumes by keywords, and do not pay attention to secondary details.

Russian employers sometimes require a “detailed resume”. By this, they mean “CV” and expect a detailed description of your life path from you. Another employer, on the other hand, expects to get a succinct resume and immediately puts aside something that contains a lot of text and takes more than one page.

If you are applying for a vacancy in a Russian or foreign company, it is better to clarify what exactly your potential employer expects to see: resume or CV, no matter what he calls it.

1. Work in pairs or in small groups and read the following CV.

- Can you spot anything strange about it? What is it?

- Answer the questions alongside the CV, they will help you to understand what’s wrong

2. Create your own CV for a part-time job using the add below and this site https://resume.io/?gclid=Cj0KCQiAk53-BRD0ARIsAJuNhpuG1gH3YRkdAMO7BK-sWfwM3heMpha6v6DnIPZXcTCz0h8af9izpQYaAjXTEALw_wcB.

3. Read the text and do some exercises below.

Selection Process

The selection process is structured differently in different companies and includes several selection procedures.

Recruiters examine resumes taking into account background, experience, educational qualifications and employment history (information about which companies and how long an applicant has worked for). It may turn out that the applicant worked in many places, but did not stay anywhere for long. Such candidates are called job hoppers.

Not all applicants reach the job interview stage. All applicants who have submitted a resume (applicant pool) go through a selection process, filtering.

At an early stage of the selection process, after the candidates have been screened out on the resume, the so-called phone screening can be carried out – a short telephone interview, as a result of which a decision is made on the invitation to interview.

The interviewer can ask knock-out questions – questions that allow them to exclude, “knock out” candidates who do not meet the necessary requirements at the first stage of communication.

Job Interview

There are several types of interviews depending on the company, sphere and specifics of the vacancy:

On-the-spot interview – the interview takes place immediately (straight away) as soon as the candidate sends a resume.

Panel interview – an interview conducted by two or more interviewers who talk with the candidate.

A mock interview is a “rehearsal” that a candidate conducts before the actual interview, answering questions to get ready.

Group interview – an interview that multiple potential candidates go through at the same time.

Behavioral-based interview is an interview that discusses the behavior and actions of the candidate in situations related to work. This helps the employer determine how the candidate will react to similar situations in the future.

You may be asked to complete the questionnaire [ˌkwesʧə'neə], a test that the candidate completes before and after the interview.

Testing

The selection process for many positions includes testing.

Ability test is a test of abilities. It tests the candidate’s general abilities: logic, critical thinking, causation, reasoning, and other skills required for the job.

Aptitude testing – this testing is similar to the previous one and tests the candidate’s ability to perform specific tasks and behave in a certain way in different situations.

Personality tests / psychometric testing – tests that identify personality traits and personality traits.

Performance testing is a test aimed at how quickly and accurately a candidate copes with the tasks and functions that the position for which he is applying for assumes.

Cognitive ability testing is a test of cognitive abilities that tests the intellectual potential of the candidate: verbal and mathematical memory (verbal and numerical memory), spatial awareness (orientation in space), perception (perception) and other indicators.

If the position involves the active use of English, many companies also include a test in the selection process that determines the level of development of various language competencies.

Studying the resume and other documents, interviewing and testing allows the future employer to identify the core competencies of the applicant, which, along with qualifications, forms his skill set, which includes skills, abilities, qualifications and work experience.

At this stage, it is important to determine the skills gap – the difference, the discrepancy between the skills and qualifications required for the position, and the skills and qualifications that the applicant has.

Shortlisting the candidates

After successfully passing the job interview and the test stage, the employer shortens the list of candidates (shortlist), selects several and conducts the final selection (pre-employment screening).

It may include the following procedures:

References check – check letters of recommendation. The recruiter contacts the candidates’ referees to find out more about the candidate’s achievements and reputation in the previous place of work.

Background check – the study of a candidate’s past, for example, whether they were prosecuted (a criminal record). In recent years, companies necessarily include social media background screening in the selection process – the study of the candidate’s profiles on social networks, which makes it possible to identify problems and inconsistencies of the candidate with the stated requirements or company values.

4. Watch some BBC Learning English videos about job interview:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aj-EnsvU5Q0&feature=emb_logo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KN2jyw6D1ak&feature=emb_logo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sj-dX3fZmq0&feature=emb_logo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2zyca6fGo4A&feature=emb_logo

Consider all the information from the videos and make a list of tips on how to prepare for a job interview and how to pass it successfully.

5. Study the information from this site https://skyeng.ru/articles/gotovimsya-k-sobesedovaniyu-na-anglijskom-yazyke-top-50-voprosov-soiskatelyu and:

- Choose the best variants of candidates’ answers

1. Tell me about yourself

a) Well, I was born on the 21^st of August in 1988 in Arkhangelsk. My parents were young Soviet forest managers. I had a big family: a great-grandmother, a grandmother, a father, a mother, a brother…

b) I’d describe myself as a goal-oriented and hardworking person with good organizational skills and strategic thinking. These qualities will help me achieve all goals you have set for this position.

2. What are your strengths?

a) Oh, that’s a long story to tell. Firstly, I am responsible, secondly, I am hard-working, thirdly, I am … and so on.

b) My strengths are excellent written and verbal communication skills. I can usually win people over to my point of view. Also, I’m competitive and like to excel at everything I do.

3. What are your weaknesses?

a) I don’t have weaknesses at all. I’m an ideal worker.

b) I admit being a bit of a perfectionist. Sometimes when I’m working on a big project, I focus too much on the details. But I’ve learned that it’s not always possible or even practical to try to perfect your work.

4. Why should we hire you?

a) My years of experience in this industry make me sure I can do this job and bring added value.

b) Well, errr, I really don’t know. Maybe – I’m not really sure that’s the right answer – you should hire me because I am a good worker.

5. Why have you left your job?

a) I wanted a new challenge. There wasn’t room for growth with my previous employer.

b) My previous job wasn’t interesting at all. And people I worked with were disgusting.

- Change the answers to the questions below so that they sound more positive:

Why did you deside to change your job? – My colleagues were really nasty people and my boss was badass.

What do you dislike doing? – I can’t stand doing monotonous jobs.

Give me two reasons why I should not hire you. – Because I’m not good at English and I don’t like being a part of a team.

6. Look through the list of questions you could expect during a first job interview. Work in pairs or small groups and put the questions into three groups:

- the ones which you find easy to answer

- which you find OK

- and which you find difficult to answer.

ТЕМАТИЧЕСКИЕ ГЛОССАРИИ

My future profession

Professions

actor – актер

actress – актриса

astronaut [ 'æstrənɔ:t ] – астронавт, космонавт

author [ 'ɔ:θə ] – автор, писатель

authoress [ 'ɔ:θərəs ] – писательница

baker – пекарь, булочник

barber – парикмахер, цирюльник

beautician [ bju:'tiʃn ] / cosmetician [ 'kɔzˌmetiʃən ] – косметолог

biologist [ bai'ɔləʤist ] – биолог

bricklayer – каменщик

bus driver – водитель автобуса

butcher [ 'butʃə ] – мясник

caretaker – лицо, нанимаемое для того, чтобы следить, заботиться о ком-либо или чем-либо

carpenter [ 'kɔ:pəntə ] – плотник

chauffeur [ 'ʃəufə ] / driver – шофер, водитель

chimney [ 'tʃimni ] sweep / chimney sweeper / sweep / sweeper – трубочист

clothier [ 'kləuðiə ] / draper, outfitter (BrE) – торговец мануфактурными товарами, торговец одежды, галантереи, и т.п.

coach [ 'kəutʃ ] – тренер, инструктор

cobbler – сапожник, занимающийся починкой обуви

confectioner [ kən'fekʃnə ] – кондитер

construction worker – рабочий-строитель

cook – кухарка, повар

dentist – зубной врач, дантист

doctor – врач

electrician [ ˌilek'triʃən ] – электрик, электротехник, электромонтер

engineer [ ˌenʤi'niə ] (BrE) / [ˌenʒi'niə ] (AmE) – инженер

explorer – исследователь

farmer – фермер

fashion [ 'fæʃən ] model / model – модель

ferryman – перевозчик, паромщик

fireman / firefighter – пожарный

florist – торговец цветами

gardener – садовник

glazier [ 'gleiziə ] – стекольщик

greengrocer [ 'gri:nˌgrəusə ] (BrE) – продавец фруктов, овощей

grocer [ 'grəusə ] – торговец бакалейными товарами, бакалейщик

hairdresser [ 'heədresə ] – парикмахер

hairstylist – парикмахер-стилист

hunter / huntsman – охотник

legislator [ 'leʤisleitə ] – законодатель

mechanic [ mi'kænik ] – механик

miner – шахтер

nurse [ 'nɜ:s ] – медсестра, медбрат / сиделка

optician [ ɔp'tiʃən ] – оптик

painter – художник / маляр

pharmacist [ 'fɑ:mæsist ] / chemist [ 'kemist ] (BrE) / druggist (AmE) – аптекарь, фармацевт

pilot [ 'pailət ] – пилот, летчик

plumber [ 'plʌmə ] – водопроводчик

police officer / policeman / policewoman – полицейский

research scientist [ 'risɜtʃ 'saiəntist ] – научный исследователь

roofer / slater – кровельщик

scavenger [ 'skævinʤə ] – уборщик мусора, метельщик улиц

secretary [ 'sekrətəri ] – секретарь

shepherd [ 'ʃepəd ] – пастух

shepherdess – пастушка

shop assistant / sales person / salesman / saleswoman / salesclerk – продавец, продавщица

singer – певец

stationer [ 'steiʃənə ] – торговец канцелярскими принадлежностями

surgeon [ 'sɜ:ʤən ] – хирург

taxi driver / cab driver – водитель такси

teacher – учитель, преподаватель

tiler – плиточник

tobacconist [ tə'bækənist ] – торговец табачными изделиями

vet / veterinary surgeon (BrE) / veterinarian (AmE) – ветеринар, ветеринарный врач

vocalist [ 'vəukəlist ] – вокалист, певец, певица

waiter – официант

waitress – официантка

zoologist – зоолог

Пол в названиях профессий в английском языке

1. Ряд названий профессий и рода занятий имеют в своем значении смысловой компонент пола – мужского или женского. К таким существительным относятся:

a) anchorman – ведущий телепрограмм,

barber – мужской парикмахер,

barman – бармен,

chairman – председатель,

businessman – бизнесмен,

craftsman – мастер, умелец,

hangman – палач,

host – хозяин,

mailman, postman – почтальон,

monk – монах,

waiter – официант,

master – учитель, хозяин;

b) businesswoman – женщина-коммерсант,

chairwoman – председательница,

anchorwoman – ведущая телепрограмму,

hostess – хозяйка,

nun – монахиня,

waitress – официантка,

mistress – хозяйка дома.

2. В современном английском языке есть тенденция не подчеркивать половую принадлежность человека и вместо слов man или woman употреблять person: chairperson – председатель(-ница).

Job. Job Search

Различия в употреблении и значении слов, обозначающих профессиональный труд в английском языке

1. Русскому работа наиболее часто соответствуют английские work и job.

Существительное work – более общее слово и обозначает регулярную трудовую деятельность, совершаемую с разными целями (с целью заработка, выполнения своих обязанностей, труда, связанного с профессией или образом жизни):

to have much work to do – быть очень занятым, иметь много работы;

to have much house work – иметь много работы по дому;

to start work early – рано начать работать, служить;

to go out to work – работать, ходить на работу;

to be in work – работать, служить;

to be out of work – быть без работы, быть безработным;

to thank everybody for their hard work – поблагодарить всех за усердную работу.

What kind of work are you looking for? – Какого рода работу вы ищете?

On one’s way to and from work – По дороге на работу и с работы.

Слово job, в отличие от work, обозначает конкретную деятельность, обыкновенно совершаемую по найму, и соответствует русским работа, служба, должность:

to get (to find, to lose one's) job – получить (найти, потерять) работу, место;

tо change jobs – менять места работы;

a full-time (part time) job – работа с полной (неполной) занятостью;

tо create new jobs – создавать новые (дополнительные) рабочие места.

I had a job with a computer firm. I used to work there twice a week – У меня была работа в компьютерной фирме, я работал там два дня в неделю.

Cleaning and washing jobs are usually low paid – Работы по уборке обычно низко оплачиваются.

2. Оплачиваемый труд имеет ряд обозначений, в зависимости от характера деятельности: employment, work, job, occupation, position, post, profession, trade.

a) Наиболее общее, но одновременно и наиболее официальное название – employment – занятость, работа. В обыденной речи в этом значении употребляется work. Employment употребляется при указании всех, кто имеет оплачиваемую работу.

b) Work, кроме общего со словом employment значения, чаще связано с интеллектуальной деятельностью. A piece of work – работа, задание обыкновенно интеллектуального характера.

c) Существительное job указывает на определенный круг обязанностей, исполнение которых оплачивается.

d) Occupation обозначает занятие в определенной области, связанное с профессией.

e) Profession обозначает вид работ, требующих знания, умения.

f) Trade – вид работ, требующих умений в области ремонта, монтажа, создания конкретных предметов, купли и продажи.

g) Position и post – должность по найму, которая часто не требует специальной подготовки. Post и position – слова официальной речи, часто используются в объявлениях: A student is looking for a position of a private teacher.

General terms

Hiring period – период времени с момента размещения вакансии до момента принятия на работу кандидата.

Hiring process / recruitment (Br. E.) / hiring (Am. E.) – процесс найма нового сотрудника. Этот процесс включает в себя:

need for a new employee – определение потребности компании в новом сотруднике;

posting a job advertisement – размещения вакансии;

screening and interviewing candidates – отбор и интервьюирование кандидатов;

offering the selected candidate a job – предложение работы выбранному кандидату;

hiring a candidate – прием на работу

placement and onboarding – и адаптация нового сотрудника.

to hire – нанимать

to take on – набирать персонал

to engage – нанимать, привлекать

to employ – трудоустраивать

to bring on board – нанять

to fill a position – заполнить вакансию

to give job to someone – давать кому-либо работу

People in Recruitment

job seeker – человек, который находится в поиске работы

applicant – соискатель, который прислал резюме на вакансию

candidate – кандидат, соискатель, кандидатуру которого рассматривают для определенной должности

interviewee – кандидат, который проходит интервью

recruit / hire – человек, которого нанимают на работу

employee – сотрудник компании

recruiter / hiring manager – менеджер по подбору персонала

interviewer – человек, который проводит интервью

employer – работодатель

headhunter (head «голова» + hunter «охотник») – специалист по подбору персонала, который ищет нужных специалистов и переманивает сотрудников у конкурентов.

Looking for a job

job seeker – тот, кто ищет работу

ad / advert (сокращенно от advertisement) – реклама, рекламное объявление

job boards – доски объявлений о трудоустройстве

company career sites – сайты поиска работы

employers’ job postings on the Internet – объявления о работе в интернете

other sources of job postings – другие источники объявлений о работе

vacancy / a vacant position – вакансия

part-time (job) – неполная занятость

full-time (job) – полная занятость

shift work – работа по графику

temporary work / job – временная работа

permanent work / job – постоянная работа

situation vacant pages / appointment pages / jobs pages (Br. E.) / want ads / classified ads – раздел «Объявления о работе» в газетах

employment agency – кадровое агентство

potential employers – потенциальные работодатели

labor market – рынок труда

Facebook / Linkedin / Twitter recruiting – когда рекрутеры и соискатели находят друг друга в социальных сетях.

job description – описание работы / вакансии

job offer / offer of employment – предложение о работе

to accept an offer – принять предложение

to reject an offer / to turn down an offer – отказаться от предложения

CV. Job Interview

Applying for a job

Apply for a job / position / complete an application form – подать, разместить резюме на вакантную должность.

Resume / CV – резюме

Cover / covering letter – сопроводительное письмо

Personal statement – мотивационное письмо или эссе о себе

Reference letters – рекомендательные письма

Selection Process

Selection process – процесс отбора

Selection procedures – процедуры отбора

Background, experience, educational qualifications и employment history – информация о том, в каких компаниях и как долго работал соискатель

Job hopper – человек, часто меняющий работу

Filtering – процесс отбора

Phone screening – короткое интервью по телефону, по итогу которого принимается решение о приглашении на интервью

Knock-out questions – вопросы, которые позволяют исключить, «выбросить» (knock out) кандидатов, которые не соответствуют необходимым требованиям (requirements) на первом этапе общения.

Job Interview

(Job) interview – собеседование

Типы собеседований:

On-the-spot interview – собеседование происходит сразу же, как только кандидат присылает резюме.

Panel interview – собеседование, которое проводится двумя и более интервьюерами, которые беседуют с кандидатом.

Mock interview – это «пробное» интервью, «репетиция», которую кандидат проводит перед реальным собеседованием, отвечая на вопросы, чтобы подготовиться.

Group interview – групповое собеседование, которое много потенциальных кандидатов (multiple potential candidates) проходят одновременно.

Behavioral-based interview – поведенческое интервью, на котором обсуждается поведение и действия кандидата в ситуациях, связанных с работой. Это помогает работодателю определить, как кандидат будет реагировать на подобные ситуации в дальнейшем.

Questionnaire [ˌkwesʧə'neə] – опросник, который кандидат заполняет до и после собеседования.

Testing

Виды тестирования:

Ability test – тест способностей. Он проверяет общие способности кандидата: логическое мышление (logic), критическое мышление (critical thinking), способность находить причинно-следственные связи, способность к рассуждению (reasoning) и другие навыки, необходимые для работы.

Aptitude testing – это тестирование похоже на предыдущее, и проверяет способность кандидата выполнять конкретные задачи и вести себя определенным образом в разных ситуациях.

Personality tests / psychometric testing – тесты, выявляющие черты характера и личности кандидата (personality and traits).

Performance testing – тест, направленный на то, насколько быстро и точно кандидат справляется с задачами и функциями, которые предполагает позиция, на которую он претендует.

Cognitive ability testing – тест познавательных способностей, проверяющие интеллектуальный потенциал кандидата: verbal and mathematical memory (вербальную и числовую память), spatial awareness (ориентацию в пространстве), perception (восприятие) и другие показатели.

Shortlisting the candidates

Shortlist – сокращенный список кандидатов

Pre-employment screening – финальный отбор:

References check – проверка рекомендательных писем.

Background check – изучение прошлого кандидата, например, привлекались ли они к уголовной ответственности.

Social media background screening – изучение профилей кандидата в социальных сетях, что позволяет выявить проблемы и несоответствия кандидата заявленным требованиям или ценностям компании.

Employment

Make a job offer – сделать предложение о работе

A job offer letter – письмо с отказом

Accept an offer – принять предложение

Turn down / reject an offer – отклонить предложение

Negotiations – переговоры

A counter offer – альтернативное предложение о сотрудничестве

Placement (orientation) – введение в должность

Duties and responsibilities – обязанности и зона ответственности

Оnboarding – процесс интеграции нового сотрудника в коллектив и адаптация его в рабочей среде

Payment

Appointment – встреча

Application form – заявление

Contract – контракт

Starting date – дата начала работы

Bonus – бонус

Car allowance – компенсация за использование автомобиля

Company car – служебная машина

Health insurance – страхование здоровья

Holiday pay – отпускные

Holiday entitlement – право на отпуск

Maternity leave – отпуск по уходу за ребёнком (для матери)

Paternity leave – отпуск по уходу за ребёнком (для отца)

Overtime – сверхурочные часы; сверхурочное время

Pension scheme / pension plan – пенсионный план

Promotion – повышение

Salary / wages – жалование, зарплата

Salary increase – повышение зарплаты

Sick pay – пособие по болезни; выплата по больничному листу

Staff restaurant – столовая для сотрудников

Travel expenses – расходы на проезд

Working conditions – условия труда

Working hours – часы работы

Notice period – срок для уведомления об увольнении (срок, за которой сотрудник должен уведомить работодателя об уходе с занимаемой должности)

Types of employees

Owner – владелец

Managing director – исполнительный директор

Director – директор

Manager – управляющий, заведующий; директор

Boss – босс, начальник

Colleague – коллега

Trainee – стажёр, практикант

Apprentice – ученик

Volunteer – доброволец

Leaving Work

Fire – увольнять

Get the sack – быть уволенным (разг.)

Resign – уходить в отставку

Retire – уходить на пенсию

Leaving date – дата ухода

Redundant – уволенный по сокращению штатов

Redundancy – сокращение штатов

Redundancy pay – выходное пособие (выплачиваемое при увольнении по сокращению штатов)

Retirement age – пенсионный возраст

СПИСОК РЕКОМЕНДУЕМЫХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ

Основные источники

1. Английский язык : Английский язык нового тысячелетия / New Millennium English [Текст] : Учебник для 10 кл. общеобраз. учрежд. / О. Л. Гроза и др. – 4-е изд., испр. и перераб. – Обнинск : Титул, 2014. – 200 с. : ил.

2. Английский язык : Английский язык нового тысячелетия / New Millennium English [Текст] : Учебник для 11 кл. общеобраз. учрежд. / О. Л. Гроза и др. – 4-е изд., испр. и перераб. – Обнинск : Титул, 2013. – 224 с. : ил.

3. Безкоровайная, Г. Т. Planet of English [Текст]: учебник английского языка для студентов профессиональных образовательных организаций, осваивающих профессии и специальности СПО / Г. Т. Безкоровайная, Е. А. Койранская, Н. И. Соколова, Г. В. Лаврик. – М. : Издательский центр «Академия», 2017. – 256 с.

4. Голубев, А. П. Английский язык [Текст] : учебник для студ. учреждений сред. проф. образования / А. П. Голубев, Н. В. Балюк, И. Б. Смирнова. – 13-е изд., стер. – М. : Издательский центр «Академия», 2017. – 336 с.

Дополнительные источники

1. Агабекян, И. П. Английский язык [Текст] : учебное пособие для студентов образовательных учреждений среднего профессионального образования / И.П. Агабекян. – Изд. 27-е, стер. – Ростов-на-Дону : Феникс, 2015. – 318 с.

2. Бережная О. А. Сборник 1500 новых тем современного английского языка [Текст] / Кубарьков Г.Л., Куриленко Ю.В. и др. – Ростов-на-Дону : Баро-пресс, 2013. – 672 с.

3. Бонк, Н. А. Английский шаг за шагом [Текст]: Курс для нач. / Н. А. Бонк. – М .: Эксмо, 2017. – 960 с.

4. Кравцова, Л. И. Английский язык [Текст]: учебник для студентов учреждений среднего профессионального образования (СПО) / Л. И. Кравцова. – 2-е изд., испр.. – М. : Высш. шк., 2007. – 463 с. : ил.

5. Мюллер, В. К. Англо-русский и русско-английский словарь [Текст] / В. К. Мюллер. – М. : АСТ, 2016. – 800 с.

6. Русско-английский и англо-русский словарь [Текст] / сост. С. Флеминг – 5-е изд. – СПб. : Виктория плюс, 2017. – 480 с.

7. Elsevir’s Dictionary of Technical Abbreviations [Text] : in English and Russian / Comp. M. Rosenberg, S. Bobryakov. – Germantown, Kiev, 2005. – 1117 p.

Интернет-ресурсы

1. Электронный словарь ABBYY Lingvo Live [Электронный ресурс] : [офиц. сайт]. – Электрон. дан. – [?] : Электронный словарь, 2019. – Режим доступа : https://www.lingvolive.com, свободный (дата обращения : 15.05.2019). – Загл. с экрана.

2. Электронный словарь Cambridge Dictionary [Электронный ресурс] : [офиц. сайт]. – Электрон. дан. – [Cambridge] : Электронный словарь, 2019. – Режим доступа : https://dictionary.cambridge.org/, свободный (дата обращения : 15.05.2019). – Загл. с экрана.

3. Электронный словарь Collins Dictionary [Электронный ресурс] : [офиц. сайт]. – Электрон. дан. – [Glasgow] : Электронный словарь, 2019. - Режим доступа : https://www.collinsdictionary.com/, свободный (дата обращения : 15.05.2019). – Загл. с экрана.

4. Образовательный ресурс Duolingo [Электронный ресурс] : [офиц. сайт]. – Электрон. дан. – [?] : Образовательный ресурс, 2019. – Режим доступа : https://www.duolingo.com/, свободный (дата обращения : 15.05.2019). – Загл. с экрана.

5. Образовательный портал ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA [Электронный ресурс] : [офиц. сайт]. – Электрон. дан. – [London] : Образовательный портал, 2019. – Режим доступа : http://www.britannica.co.uk, свободный (дата обращения : 15.05.2019). – Загл. с экрана.

6. Электронный словарь Lunguee [Электронный ресурс] : [офиц. сайт]. – Электрон. дан. – [Кёльн] : Электронный словарь, 2019. – Режим доступа : https://www.linguee.ru/, свободный (дата обращения : 15.05.2019). – Загл. с экрана.

7. Электронный словарь Multitrun [Электронный ресурс] : [офиц. сайт]. – Электрон. дан. – [Москва ?] : Электронный словарь, 2000-2019. – Режим доступа : http://www.multitran.ru, свободный (дата обращения : 15.05.2019). – Загл. с экрана.

8. Образовательный портал – Native English [Электронный ресурс] : [офиц. сайт]. – Электрон. дан. – [Москва ?] : Образовательный портал, 2003-2019. – Режим доступа : https://www.native-english.ru/, свободный (дата обращения : 15.05.2019). – Загл. с экрана.

9. Электронный словарь Oxford Dictionary [Электронный ресурс] : [офиц. сайт]. – Электрон. дан. – [Oxford] : Электронный словарь, 2019. – Режим доступа : https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/, свободный (дата обращения : 15.05.2019). – Загл. с экрана.

10. Учебные средства и карточки Quizlet [Электронный ресурс] : [офиц. сайт]. – Электрон. дан. – [?] : Учебные средства и карточки, 2019. – Режим доступа : https://quizlet.com/ru, свободный (дата обращения : 15.05.2019). – Загл. с экрана.

11. Онлайн-школа английского языка Skyeng [Электронный ресурс] : [офиц. сайт]. – Электрон. дан. – [Larnaca] : Онлайн-школа английского языка, 2011-2019. – Режим доступа : https://skyeng.ru, свободный (дата обращения : 15.05.2019). – Загл. с экрана.

12. Информационно-образовательный портал Study.ru [Электронный ресурс] : [офиц. сайт]. – Электрон. дан. – [Москва] : Информационно-образовательный портал, 2019. – Режим доступа : http://www.study.ru, свободный (дата обращения : 15.05.2019). – Загл. с экрана.

13. Электронная энциклопедия Wikipedia [Электронный ресурс] : [офиц. сайт]. – Электрон. дан. – [San Francisco] : Электронная энциклопедия, 2001-2019. – Режим доступа : http://en.wikipedia.org, свободный (дата обращения : 15.05.2019). – Загл. с экрана.

14. Электронный словарь Urban Dictionary [Электронный ресурс] : [офиц. сайт]. – Электрон. дан. – [?] : Электронный словарь, 1999-2019. – Режим доступа : https://www.urbandictionary.com/, свободный (дата обращения : 15.05.2019). – Загл. с экрана.

15. Электронный словарь WooordHunt [Электронный ресурс] : [офиц. сайт]. – Электрон. дан. – [Москва ?] : Электронный словарь, [?]. – Режим доступа : https://wooordhunt.ru/, свободный (дата обращения : 15.05.2019). – Загл. с экрана.

16. Видеохостинг YouTube [Электронный ресурс] : [офиц. сайт]. – Электрон. дан. – [San Bruno] : Видеохостинг, 2019. - Режим доступа : https://www.youtube.com/, свободный (дата обращения : 15.05.2019). – Загл. с экрана.