Методическое пособие для проведения урока английского языка в 11 классе на тему "Загрязнение Земли"

Theme: Land Pollution (1)

1. Phonetic drills: write down the sound pairs

MOOD

LIGHT

BEE

SEAL

GIVE

LAND

FAT

II. Warming up: give the examples for pollutions

Write down 5 – 7 associations with the picture

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III. Work with the information about the POLLUTION

TEXT A

1. Study the vocabulary

external – внешний

biotic – биотический, живой

abiotic – абиотический, неживой

ecosystem – экосистема

interaction – взаимодействие

human-induced – вызванный человеком

pattern – условие

concerned – заинтересованный

citizen - гражданин

advocate – защитник, сторонник

impact – влияние

2. Read and translate the text

Environment comprises all of the external factors affecting an organism. These factors may be

other living organisms (biotic factors) or nonliving variables (abiotic factors), such as temperature, rainfall,

day length, wind, and ocean currents. The interactions of organisms with biotic and abiotic factors form an

ecosystem. Even minute changes in any one factor in an ecosystem can influence whether or not a

particular plant or animal species will be successful in its environment.

Organisms and their environment constantly interact, and both are changed by this interaction.

Like all other living creatures, humans have clearly changed their environment, but they have done so

generally on a grander scale than have all other species. Some of these human-induced changes – such

as the destruction of the world’s tropical rain forests to create farms or grazing land for cattle – have led to

altered climate patterns. In turn, altered climate patterns have changed the way animals and plants are

distributed in different ecosystems.

Scientists study the long-term consequences of human actions on the environment, while

environmentalists-professionals in various fields, as well as concerned citizens-advocate ways to lessen

the impact of human activity on the natural world.

3. Find English equivalents:

 живой

 неживой

 окружающая среда

 климатические условия

 ученые

 специалист по проблемам окружающей среды

 последствия

4. Match a word with its definition:

1. impact

2. biotic

3. interaction

4. abiotic

5. citizen

A. Produced by life or living organisms.

B. A significant or strong influence.

C. A person who is legally recognized as a member of a state.

D. Nonliving, characterised by the absence of life.

E. Exchange between two or more objects.

5. What is the best title for this article?

1. Tropical Rain Forests

2. Environment

3. Humans

6. Make up 3-5 questions on the text.

1. __________________________________________________________

2.___________________________________________________________

3.___________________________________________________________

4.___________________________________________________________

5.___________________________________________________________

7. Make up the outline (plan of the text) and retell the text according to it.

Theme: Land Pollution (2)

1. Phonetic drills: write down the sound pairs

FLOOD

LAY

FOOD

FAME

LIVE

SOIL

FOX

II. Warming up: give the examples for pollutions

Write down 5 – 7 associations with the picture

________________________________________

________________________________________

________________________________________

________________________________________

________________________________________

________________________________________

________________________________________

III. Work with the information about the POLLUTION

IX. TEXT B

1. Study the vocabulary

root – источник

virtually – фактически

to increase – увеличиваться

crowding – перенаселенность

habitat – среда обитания

The Population Division of the United Nations – подразделение занимающееся вопросами роста населения

в Организации Объединенных Наций

to estimate – оценивать

to assume – допускать, предполагать

conservation – охрана, защита

alter – изменять

literacy – грамотность

reproductive - репродуктивный

2. Read and translate the text

Human population growth is at the root of virtually all of the world’s environmental problems.

Although the growth rate of the world’s population has slowed slightly since the 1990s, the world’s

population increases by about 77 million human beings each year. As the number of people increases,

crowding generates pollution, destroys more habitats, and uses up additional natural resources.

The Population Division of the United Nations (UN) predicts that the world’s population will

increase from 6.23 billion people in 2000 to 9.3 billion people in 2050. The UN estimates that the

population will stabilize at more than 11 billion in 2200. Other experts predict that numbers will continue to

rise into the foreseeable future, to as many as 19 billion people by the year 2200.

Although rates of population increase are now much slower in the developed world than in the

developing world, it would be a mistake to assume that population growth is primarily a problem of

developing countries. In fact, because larger amounts of resources per person are used in developed

nations, each individual from the developed world has a much greater environmental impact than does a

person from a developing country. Conservation strategies that would not significantly alter lifestyles but

that would greatly lessen environmental impact are essential in the developed world.

In the developing world, meanwhile, the most important factors necessary to lower population

growth rates are democracy and social justice. Studies show that population growth rates have fallen in

developing areas where several social conditions exist. In these areas, literacy rates have increased and

women receive economic status equal to that of men, enabling women to hold jobs and own property. In

addition, birth control information in these areas is more widely available, and women are free to make

their own reproductive decisions.

3. Translate the following sentences (use your active vocabulary):

1. ООН оценивает, что рост населения стабилизируется в 2200 году.

2. Женщины свободны в выборе права иметь детей.

3. Перенаселенность приводит к загрязнению окружающей среды.

4. Уровень грамотности возрос и женщины получили равные права с мужчинами.

5. Рост населения не только проблема развивающихся стран.

4. Match the word with its definition (определения):

1. root

2. crowding

3. increase

4. conservation

5. habitat

A. A specific place or natural conditions in which a plant or animal lives.

B. The primary source.

C. The act by which somebody is crowded.

D. The act of preserving, guarding, or protecting.

E. To become larger.

5. What is the best title for this article?

1. Population Growth

2. Population Decrease

3. World’s Population

6. Make up 3-5 questions on the text.

1. __________________________________________________________

2.___________________________________________________________

3.___________________________________________________________

4.___________________________________________________________

5.___________________________________________________________

7. Make up the outline (plan of the text) and retell the text according to it.