Освітній маршрут Англійська мова 10 клас Тема: “Новий рік. Святкування Різдва”

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Освітній маршрут

Англійська мова 10 клас

Тема: “Новий рік. Святкування Різдва”

Мій друже!

Англійською мовою говорять в 51 країні світу. Близько 410 млн. чоловік є носіями англійської мови і вважають її рідною, а близько 1 млрд - розмовляють на ній. Тому англійська мова заслужено вважається міжнародною мовою спілкування, а багато лінгвістів, спираючись на існуючі тенденції, приходять до висновку, що менше ніж через сто років мовний бар'єр практично перестане існувати, і люди будуть використовувати для спілкування винятково англійську мову.

Перед людиною, що вивчила англійську мову, відкриваються великі перспективи влаштування на роботу, як у престижних вітчизняних фірмах, так і з'являється можливість працювати за кордоном. Крім того, люди, які вивчали англійську мову, можуть претендувати на більш оплачувані посади.

А ось перед тобою завдання, за допомогою яких ти покращиш свої знання з англійської мови.

Бажаю успіхів!

Види завдань

Завдання 1. Повторюємо лексику.

Заповніть Mind – Map вивченою лексикою.

“Mind – Map”

The New

Year and

Old New Year in Ukraine

Завдання 2. Розвиваємо навички аудіювання.

Прочитайте текст та дайте відповіді на завдання.

A letter from England

10 , Green Road

London SE 10

20 December 2004

Dear friends ,

Thank you for your letter. It was very interesting for me to know about New Year’s Day in your country.

New Year’s Day is one of the greatest holidays in Scotland but not in England.

People from Scotland invite their friends to their houses. They give presents to the relatives and their friends.

In England we do not stay at home on the New Year’s Day. We go for a walk to the central square. We listen to the strikes of the largest clock in Great Britain – Big Ben and enjoy the New Year coming.

We celebrate Christmas on the 25^th of December. On this day our Christmas holiday begin. That is why we like Christmas so much. Soon it will be the New Year , so I sent a postcard to all of you and wish you a happy New Year.

Love ,

Santa Claus.

1. Choose the correct answer to the questions

1.Whose letter is this?

a) Claus Santa b) Santa Claus c) Santa mouse

2. Where is the letter from?

a) Ukraine b) England c) America

3. What holiday is he writing about?

a) Christmas b) New Year c) New Year and Christmas

4.Where do people in England on New Yea`r Day?

a) at home b) at school c) to the central square

5.When do English people celebrate Christmas Day?

a) on the 7^th of January b) on the 14^th of January c) on the 25^th of December

2. Say if the sentences are true or false.

1. New Year`s Day is one of the greatest holidays in Scotland , but not in England.

2. People from England invite friends to their houses.

3. In England people do not stay at home on the New Year`s Day.

4. They celebrate Christmas on the 25^th of December.

5. Christmas holidays begin one week before Christmas.

Завдання 3. Розвиваємо навички письма.

Переклади вирази. Скажи та напиши про свої плани на цей рік.

Game “ My good Intentions”

Next year I am going to :

get up earlier -

give up eating a lot of sweets -

work hard -

be more in the open air -

be a kinder person -

stop teasing my sister\brother -

lose weight -

decorate the house -

be tidier -

do morning exercises every day -

travel more -

be more punctual -

watch less TV -

read more -

help my parents more -

better study -

study all life -

I am also going to__________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

Завдання 4. Відпрацьовуємо навички читання.

Прочитай текст. Випиши незнайомі слова. (скористайся словником)

New Year Traditions around the World

    If you do a little research you will come to know that be it the western or the eastern part of the world, New Year is celebrated with equal enthusiasm everywhere.

However as the year in the calendar marks a transition, the various New Year Traditions and Customs followed during the period remain as it is. Here’s a list of some of the interesting ways to celebrate the New Year across the globe:

England: The English custom for welcoming New Year is full of hospitality and warmth. They believe that the first guest for the year would bring fortune for them.

He should be a male, should enter through the front door and bear some traditional gifts like loaf for the kitchen, drink for the head of the family and coal to light the fire, otherwise he is not allowed. They believe that these bring good luck throughout the year.

Denmark: In Denmark, residents keep a pile of dishes, all broken, in front of the door. For this they save old dishes and People usually throw these on the friends’ doors during New Year. This symbolizes friendship and brotherhood and they believe the one with maximum dishes outside, has the most friends. Some Danish are found to leap some chairs during midnight.

China: The Chinese have a unique way of celebrating New Year, where every front door of a house is painted in red which symbolizes happiness and good fortune. They hide all the knives for the day so that no one cuts oneself, because that may actually cut the entire family good luck for the coming year. However that doesn’t make any difference to the feast they have during time.

 Brazil: Brazilians believe that lentils signify wealth and prosperity. So they serve food items made up of the legume like soup or rice on the New Year. On New Year’s Eve, the priestesses dress up in blue and white for an auspicious ceremony celebrated for the water goddess. Also a sacrificial boat filled with jewelery, candles and flowers from the beach of Rio de Janeiro is pushed to the ocean that brings health, wealth and happiness for them.

Austria: Austrians find good luck charm in Suckling pigs. They serve it on the dinner table with edible pigs and the peppermint ice creams are served as desserts for fortune.

German: Lead is considered to be auspicious here. They pour molten lead into cold water and the shape that is taken after, predicts the future. Heart shapes symbolize marriage whereas round shapes denote good luck; anchor shapes tell that you need help however a cross signifies someone’s sad demise.

Belgium: They call the New Year eve as Saint Sylvester Eve. They believe in throwing family parties, where everyone kisses, exchanges fortune greetings apart from raises toast to welcome the New Year in their own manner.

Children usually save money to buy decorative so that they can write and gift New Year greetings to elders.

Egypt: Egyptians believe that the New Year begins only when the new crescent moon is visible in the sky. They create and extremely festive atmosphere all around and celebrate the New Year with happiness and joy. The official announcement is made in the city of Cairo in a holy mosque, and the religious leaders do the needful.

Greece: they call it a St. Basil’s Day, one of the forefathers of the Greeks Church, because it is also celebrated as his death anniversary. They bake some special bread, where a coin is buried inside the dough. The procedure of serving the bread is very unique. They offer the first slice to God, second to the bread winner of the house, and the third is meant for the house. If this one contains the coin, spring will hit early that year. Also whoever get the slice with the coin, is supposed to be blessed with extra good luck.

Wales: In Wales, during midnight, at the initial toll, the back door of the house is first opened and then immediately shut. This symbolizes releasing the old year and locking out all the bad luck it brought. At the 12^th toll of the clock, the door is re-opened to welcome the New Year will all its goodness, luck and prosperity.

 Japan: Japanese New Year or Oshogatsu is meant for celebrations with family and it begins with proper decoration of the home to welcome luck and fortune. They clean the entire house, get themselves off from every financial liability, and resolve all issues before the New Year hits. They follow traditions of three things: a pine branch, called kadomatsu, denotes longevity; a stalk of bamboo symbolizes prosperity, whereas a plum blossom shows nobility. Before the clock strikes 12, they ring 108 bells to show that the all 108 troubles have been eliminated.

Philippines: They believe that every round thing is auspicious. So they consume grapes, have coins, wear polkas dotted dresses, as they have faith that circular things attract more fortune and money. They also throw coins as New Year begins to increase wealth and prosperity.

Spain: The Spanish, eat 12 grapes at every toll of the clock during the New Year. This they believe will bring good luck and happiness for the coming 12 months.

Puerto Rico: People throw buckets of water out of their window and also clean their homes properly. This they believe will clean the odds of the last year as well as get the spirits out of the home.

The Netherlands: Bonfires are burnt of the Christmas trees on the New Year eve, on streets, by the Dutch. This purges out the old and greets the new.

Chile: people go for mass in the New Year apart from visiting graveyards. They make seating arrangements there and wait for New Year to come, along with the dead bodies.

Rome: The celebrations last for three days where the Romans decorate their houses with greenery and colorful lights, they choose gifts for their loved ones very carefully like Gold, silver, for prosperity, honey for sweetness etc.

United States: They believe kissing during midnight as the year approaches, is an auspicious gesture that purifies everything that is evil.

Cultures and traditions vary in different parts of the world but almost all of them are meant to bring happiness, prosperity and good luck in the New Year. So if you think you can be a little more traditional this New Year, you can try any of the above.

Завдання 5. Повторюємо граматику.

Прочитай та переклади тексти про Різдво у Британії та США. Склади до кожного тексту по 5 питань різного типу (Загальне, спеціальне (до підмета та другорядних членів речення), розділове, альтернативне питання).

Christmas in Great Britain

In Great Britain the hustle and bustle of the season begins well before Christmas and there is barely anytime for a break until the Twelfth night. There is preparation going on of foods, the sending of Christmas cards, the decorating of houses and churches, and the readying of gifts keep everyone busy even the youngest family members.

On Christmas Eve youngsters hang up their stockings on the ends of the beds or by the chimney so that when Father Christmas comes he can leave them something.

On Christmas morning the family traditionally opens their presents and prepares for a big feast which typically is served just after midday. The table gleams with the best china and glassware, and at every place on the table there is a cracker. The meal begins with a toast, followed by the popping of the crackers. After the meal they sit down in front of the Television for the traditional Christmas speech of the British Monarch.

In the afternoon they exchange visits with neighbors other family members.

Some churches in Great Britain have a Christingle service on the fourth Sunday of Advent. This is a carol service of Scandinavian origin at which every child received an orange and candle wrapped in a red ribbon. The candle represents Jesus and the ribbon stands for the blood of Christ and the love of God embracing the world.

In Britain, children write their letters to Father Christmas and then throw them into the fireplace so they will float up the chimney and fly to the North Pole. If the lists catch fire first, they have to rewrite them.

At Christmas dinner, a plum pudding is served with little treasures hidden inside that bring their finders good luck. Britain was the first country to hang up mistletoe.

Christmas Day in United States

Many people in the United States celebrate Christmas Day on December 25. The day celebrates Jesus Christ's birth. It is often combined with customs from pre-Christian winter celebrations. Many people erect Christmas trees, decorate their homes, visit family or friends and exchange gifts.

What Do People Do?

People celebrate Christmas Day in many ways. In the days or even weeks before Christmas Day, many people decorate their homes and gardens with lights, Christmas trees and much more. It is common to organize a special meal, often consisting of turkey and a lot of other festive foods, for family or friends and exchange gifts with them. Children, in particular, often receive a lot of gifts from their parents and other relatives and the mythical figure Santa Claus. This has led to Christmas Day becoming an increasingly commercialized holiday, with a lot of families spending a large part of their income on gifts and food.

Many Sunday schools, churches and communities organize special events. These can include decorating the neighborhood or a shopping mall, putting up a Christmas tree and planning a Nativity display, concert or performance. A lot of plays and songs have a aspect of Christmas as a theme. Some groups arrange meals, shelter or charitable projects for people without a home or with very little money.

Public Life

Government offices, organizations, businesses and schools are closed, almost without exception. Many people visit relatives or friends and are out of town. This may cause congestion on highways and at airports. Public transit systems do not run on their regular schedules. In general, public life closes down completely.

Background

The original meaning of Christmas is a special church service, or mass, to celebrate the birth of Christ. The story of the Nativity, or the events surrounding the birth of Jesus, are particularly important in religious celebrations of Christmas. However, many traditions that are around today have their roots in pre-Christian winter festivals. These include the importance of candles and decorations made from evergreen bushes and tree, symbolizing everlasting light and life.

In Roman times, a mid-winter festival was held. This was a relaxing time with a lot of parties and merry making. It was also common to give other people small gifts, such as dolls for children and candles for adults. This festival culminated with the celebration of the winter solstice, which fell on December 25 in the Roman calendar. In Scandinavia, a festival called Yule and lasting up to twelve days was held in late December and early January. In this time people burnt logs and held parties. These customs have influences how Christmas Day is celebrated today in the United States.

The Bible does not give a precise date for the birth of Jesus. It is also unclear when December 25 became associated with the birth of Jesus, although it may have been around two hundred years after his birth. In the early centuries of Christianity, the anniversary of the birth of Jesus was not a cause for celebrations. The idea of turning this day into a celebration started in the early Middle Ages in Europe.

During Reformation and up until the middle of the 1800s, Christmas was often not celebrated because partying and merry making was seen as unchristian. From about 1840, celebrating Christmas became more widespread. December 25 was declared a federal holiday in the United States in 1870. Since then Christmas Day has become a steadily more important holiday.

Symbols

A wide range of people and objects represent Christmas. These include baby Jesus, the Nativity and the Three Kings, but also Santa Claus, reindeer and elves. Common objects at this time of year are pine trees, holly, decorations, fairy lights, candles and presents. Christmas Day is now truly a mix of religious celebration and commercial interests.

Christmas in Great Britain

1.______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

2.

а)______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

b)______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

3.______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

4.______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

5.______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

Christmas Day in United States

1.______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

2.

а)______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

b)______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

3.______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

4.______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

5.______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

Завдання 6. Вчимося перекладати.

Переклади речення англійською.

1. Ми святкуємо Різдво 7 січня.

______________________________________________________________

2. Коли святкують Різдво в Англії?

______________________________________________________________

3. В Англії не святкують старий Новий рік.

______________________________________________________________

4. «З Новим роком!» говоримо ми 1 січня.

______________________________________________________________

5. Я забув привітати свою сестру з Різдвом.

______________________________________________________________

6. Хто привітав тебе з Різдвом?

______________________________________________________________

7. Ми прикрасили свою класну кімнату до Нового року.

______________________________________________________________

8. Я завжди святкую Новий рік удома.

­______________________________________________________________

9. Вона завжди святкувала Новий рік удома зі своєю родиною.

______________________________________________________________

10. Ти не забув привітати свою родину з Різдвом?

______________________________________________________________

Дякую за роботу!

Ти на крок ближче до відмінних знань з англійської мови!

Завдання підготувала Проць Ю.О.