Presentation. 6th grade. Man and the natural world

Nature is a home in which a person lives

Man and the natural world

Dmitriy Lihachev

Human impact on nature

Man is a part of nature. Everything he needs for life — food, clothing, fuel, etc. - he gets from the environment.

Thus, nature is the source of all the means of human existence. or a long time, man has not disturbed the existing balance in nature. But gradually there were more people, and they needed more and more food. Ancient people began to hunt large animals and killed many of them. Scientists believe that ancient hunters played a role in the extinction of mammoths, woolly rhinos, and cave bears.

These were the first losses of nature at the hands

of man. As the years passed, the world's population and the number of cities grew. People's lives were changing: man created many machines that made his work easier, and means of transportation, built cities and paved roads, mastered air and water space,

rose into space.

At present, man is more and more transforming the natural environment around him.

Person the strength to move mountains

and drain the bogs and the sea to create artificial lakes and rivers, turning the course of rivers. Currently, up to 100 billion tons

of rocks are extracted annually on the globe, about 800 million tons of various metals are smelted, about 500 million tons of mineral fertilizers are added to the soil, and

up to 3 billion tons of oil are burned.

Only one car annually absorbs

up to 4 tons of oxygen!

Such human activity often leads

to sad environmental consequences.

In large cities, the air and water bodies are heavily polluted by industrial emissions.

The appearance of many areas of the Earth has completely changed: forests and fertile lands have disappeared, and unique species of plants and animals have ceased to exist.

How to save nature?

We talk a lot about whether there is life

on other planets, in other galaxies.

How happy we will be if we find some

"bug" somewhere in space!

But many species of animals have already disappeared from our planet, and they will never be, and others can disappear

at any time.

Think about it: before the appearance of man, one species of animal disappeared in 1000 years; from 1850 to 1950 — in 10 years; since 1950 — one species per year. Now one species of plants or fungi is disappearing every day.

To save wildlife, scientists identify rare and endangered species of plants and animals and enter them in the Red Book.

Protected areas — nature reserves, national parks, and nature reserves-are created to preserve the species along with their habitat. They prohibit or restrict any economic activity, recreation of people and tourism. Yes, man has changed the Earth, made it in many ways dangerous for his health, as well as for the health of future generations.

What should I do?

To go back to the Stone Age, to a damp cave, to hunt, to cultivate a field with stone tools?

Of course not. Do we need people

to learn to treat nature wisely and responsibly?

And that means:

• protect the planet from

all kinds of pollution;

• stop the destruction

of forests and the advance

of deserts;

• preserve the diversity

of life on the planet;

• take care of nature for every person.

People are increasingly transforming nature, but they do not always think about the consequences of their activities: air and water bodies are polluted, soil fertility

is reduced, and unique species of plants and animals are disappearing.

Red Books and protected areas have been created

to preserve wildlife species.

The influence of nature on man

With the wide range of therapeutic tools and techniques at our disposal, we often overlook a key resource that has many mental, emotional, and cognitive preferences.

In addition, it is generally accessible

to most people and completely free.

This is nature.

People spend less and less time in nature, thus losing the necessary health buffer. And in vain.

There is growing evidence that exposure to nature has a significant positive impact on mental health.

This is associated with reduced stress levels, has huge consequences for physical health, reduced levels of depression and anxiety, increased resilience, as well as improved self-esteem and the desire to interact with society. Such positive effects were observed not only when nature directly affects a person — as in a forest

or park, but also as a result of viewing photos with natural scenes or when a person simply looks out of the window.

One recent study examined the effects

of different types of images

on recovery from stress.

Participants viewed slides of scenes from nature or the artificial environment for 10 minutes, after which they performed tasks aimed at inducing mental stress.

So, if nature is so good for mental health, what should we do about this fact?

In addition to trying to spend as much time in the fresh air as possible, it is also necessary to ensure that local governments integrate parks, pedestrian paths, etc. into the structure of cities.

Man differs from other inhabitants of the Earth in that he not only adapts to nature, but is also able to transform it to suit his needs. Even in ancient times, people began to plow the land, build the first settlements and cut down forests, thereby changing the natural landscape.

Today, human capabilities have increased – he builds entire cities, builds highways and railways. Moreover, he even managed to change the geography

of the planet – by building the Suez Canal, man separated Africa from Eurasia, and connected the waters of the Red and Mediterranean Seas.

Similarly, the Panama Canal divided North and South America.

Human activity leads to the extinction of other animals.

A classic example

is the mammoth,

which was exterminated by primitive people.

With the development

of civilization, the rate

of extinction of biological species also increases.

In the last two centuries, man has also begun to influence the global climate

on the planet.

With the growth of industry, carbon

dioxide emissions into the atmosphere have increased, which in turn leads

to global warming.

In recent decades, the area of ice

in the Arctic has greatly decreased,

and the territory of deserts has expanded.

In turn, these changes affect wildlife.

For example, the melting of ice leads

to a reduction in the distribution

range of polar bears,

and therefore their numbers are reduced.

A person is aware of the negative consequences

of their activities and tries

to somehow compensate for them. Special nature reserves

are created on the territory

of which endangered species

are preserved.

To prevent global warming, limits are being set on carbon dioxide emissions.

In recent years, there has been

a comprehensive tightening

of environmental legislation.

Saving nature is the work

of caring people.

Fortunately, at the end of the XX century in developed countries, there was an understanding that the tactics of "scorched earth"

in relation to nature

is equivalent to suicide.

Environmental conservation programs have begun to be developed, both on the scale

of individual States and on a global scale.

An Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change was organized jointly with UNEP, and the Global Environment Facility was established.

Public organizations also play a huge role in environmental protection, and many of them represent a real force.

Despite the initiatives of public organizations, it is impossible

to correct the situation

only by their efforts.

Each of the inhabitants of the planet should understand that they are also responsible for the environmental problems that humanity has faced.

If no action is taken,

the "crown of nature" will soon

be on the verge of extinction itself.

Man and nature strongly

influence each other.

People should be aware that the damage caused to nature,

ultimately leads to negative consequences for the person himself.