Презентация по английскому языку на тему "Косвенная речь."

HELLO!

Прямая речь или direct speech – это непосредственно реплика какого-либо человека, произнесенная им. Такие слова всегда берутся в кавычки, а перед прямой речью ставится запятая.

Lucy says, «I have good health».

Люси говорит: «У меня крепкое здоровье».

Косвенная речь или indirect speech передается собеседником не слово в слово, как прямая, а с использованием придаточных предложений. При этом кавычки и запятая уже не употребляются.

Nick said that he would buy a ticket to Egypt tomorrow.

Ник сказал, что купит билет в Египет завтра.

Как сделать грамотный перевод в косвенную речь?

• После вводных слов ставим союз that. Кстати, хоть это и считается правилом, но его нарушение не будет ошибкой. В отдельных случаях вы можете использовать косвенную речь и без союза that.
• В главной части предложения временная форма сохраняется в неизменном виде, а вот в придаточной части работает правило «шага назад» или так называемое правило согласования времен. Оно гласит, что при переводе прямой речи в косвенную, время в предложении меняется на то, которое ему предшествует.
• Глагол to say меняем на to tell, если это больше подходит по смыслу.

Согласование времен

Present Simple

Past Simple

Examples

Maria said, «I go home from school at 2 P:M on Mondays.

Maria said that she went home from school at 2 P:M on Mondays.

Present Continuous

Past Continuous

Examples

Alexandra said, «I am having a shower».

Alexandra said that she was having a shower.

Present Perfect

Past Perfect

Examples

Alexandra said, «I have lost my keys».

Alexandra said that she had lost her keys.

Present Perfect Continuous

Past Perfect Continuous

Examples

My friends said, «We have been studying Polish for 3 years».

My friends said that they had been studying Polish for 3 years.

Past Simple

Past Perfect

Examples

David said, «I passed my exam last week».

David said that he had passed his exam the previous week.

Past Perfect

Past Perfect

Examples

David said, «I had already finished my homework».

David said that he had already finished his homework.

Future Simple

Future in the Past

Examples

Robert said, «I will call you tomorrow».

Robert promised that he would call me tomorrow.

Let’s practice!

1) “I am planning to go to Kenya,” Sally said.

Sally said (that) she was planning to go to Kenya .

2) “I take my little sister to school every day,” Ben said.

Ben said (that) he took his little sister to school every day.

3) “I don’t like chocolate,” Mary said.

Mary said (that) she didn’t like chocolate.

4) “My mother usually goes shopping on Saturdays,” the girl said.

The girl said (that) her mother usually went shopping on Saturdays.

5) “The birds built their nests among the trees,” the teacher said .

The teacher said (that) the birds had built their nests among the trees.

6) “They are playing in the gym now,” Nick said.

Nick said (that) they were playing in the gym then.

7) “We have gone on holiday,” the girl said.

The girl said (that) they had gone on holiday.

5) “The Brows have travelled to many places,” Mary said .

Mary said (that) the Browns had travelled to many places.

6) “My dad has never travelled by plane,” Nick said.

Nick said (that) his dad had never travelled by plane.

THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION!