Презентация по теме "Страдательный залог"(Spotlight 10)

Страдательный ( пассивный ) залог глаголов.

The Passive Voice.

Active Voice

Passive Voice

страдательный – пассивный залог

активный залог

подлежащее производит действие, т. е. является действующим лицом в предложении

подлежащее не производит действие,

т. е. не является действующим лицом в предложении

Катя послала письмо на прошлой неделе. (Катя сама выполнила действие - активный залог ).

Kate sent a letter last week.

(Active Voice)

Письмо было послано Катей на прошлой неделе. (Письмо не само отправило себя - пассивный залог ).

The letter was sent by Kate last week.

(Passive Voice)

Образование пассивного залога

to be + Vз (ed)

Present Simple

am / is / are V₃ (ed)

Present Continuous

am / is / are being V₃ (ed)

Past Simple

was / were V₃ (ed)

Past Continuous

was / were being V₃ (ed)

Present Perfect Simple

have / has V₃ (ed)

Past Perfect

had been V₃ (ed)

Future Simple

will be V₃ (ed)

Modal verbs

can

must be V₃ (ed)

may

Active

Tom broke the window .

подлежащее сказуемое дополнение

Passive

The window was broken by Tom .

подлежащее сказуемое дополнение

В страдательном залоге, чтобы сказать кем или с помощью чего было совершено действие используются предлоги:

By – кем-то;

With – с помощью чего-то.

Много работы было дано нам нашим учителем.

A lot of homework was given to us by our teacher.

Облака двигаются с помощью ветра.

Clouds are moved by / with the wind.

SIMPLE

PRESENT

PAST

Everyday, always

PROGRESSIVE

Yesterday, last week, last year, last month.

often, usually.

FUTURE

Now, at the moment

PERFECT

was

Just, already, ever, never, today, this year, yet.

am being

At that moment yesterday

Tomorrow, next

am

week, next month,

is V3

By

was being

V3

have been

is being V3

were

are

are being

next year.

V3

V3

will be V3

had been V3

has been

were being

will have been V3