Презентация Reported Speech (правила перевода прямой речи в косвенную + упражнения)

Reported speech

Direct speech (Прямая речь)

Reported speech (Косвенная речь)

буквальная передача чьего-либо высказывания

передача прямой речи в виде пересказа

“ I work here as a waiter,” John said.

  Jack said that he worked there as a waiter.

She says: “I phone my friends every day”.

She says that she phones her friends every day.

• Если глагол главного предложения (слова автора)  употреблен в настоящем (Present) или будущем (Future) времени , то глагол придаточного предложения в косвенной речи остается в том же времени, в каком он был в прямой речи.

He says , “I have your T-shirt.” –

Он говорит: «У меня твоя футболка».

He says that he has my T-shirt. –

John says : “I live in New York.”

Он говорит, что у него моя футболка.

John says (that) he live in New York.

Bob says : “I am learning French.”

Bob says he is learning French.

• Глаголы в прямой речи в форме Present Tense употребляются в косвенной речи в форме Past Tense . Present Simple → Past Simple Present Continuous → Past Continuous Present Perfect → Past Perfect Present Perfect Continuous → Past Perfect Continuous

“ I always drink coffee”, she said.

«Я всегда пью кофе», – сказала она

She said that she always drank coffee.

“ I  am reading  a book”, he explained. «Я читаю книгу», – пояснил он.

Она сказала, что она всегда пьет кофе

He explained that he  was reading  a book. Он пояснил, что он читает книгу.

Kevin said: “I have been coughing for a week.

” Kevin explained he had been coughing for a week.

Глаголы в прямой речи в форме Past Tense употребляются в косвенной речи в форме Past Perfect (или могут не употребляться). Past Simple  →  Past Perfect Past Continuous  →  Past Perfect Continuous

“ Bill  arrived  on Saturday”, he said. «Билл приехал в субботу», – сказал он.

He said that Bill  had arrived/ arrived  on Saturday.

Он сказал, что Билл приехал в субботу.

Глаголы в прямой речи в форме  Past Perfect  не изменяются. Past Perfect  →  Past Perfect

Past Perfect Continuous → Past Perfect Continuous

He said, “We  had finished  our work by five o’clock.”

Он сказал: «Мы окончили свою работу к пяти часам».

He said that they  had finished  their work by five o’clock.

Он сказал, что они окончили свою работу к пяти часам.

Глаголы в прямой речи в любом будущем времени переходят в соответствующее ему будущее в прошедшем в косвенной речи. Future Simple  →  Future Simple in the Past Future Continuous  →  Future Continuous in the Past Future Perfect  →  Future Perfect in the Past

“ She will come soon.” «Она скоро придет».

They told me that she  would come in soon time. Они сказали мне, что она скоро придет.

Questions

• Общие вопросы:
• “ Do you go to school every day?” he said.

He asked if (whether) I went to school every day.

• “ Did you work hard?” she said (asked).

She asked if I had worked hard.

Exercises

• “ Can you speak Italian?”

• “ Will you come back?”

• “ Did you go to Bill's party last night?”

• “ Have you ever been to Italy?”

• “ Do you know how to use the Internet?”

• “ Are you ready?”

Questions

• “ Can you speak Italian?”

• “ Will you come back?”

• “ Did you go to Bill's party last night?”

• “ Have you ever been to Italy?”

• “ Do you know how to use the Internet?”

• “ Are you ready?”

Exercises

• “ Where did you go on Saturday night?” Paul asked Tina.

• “ When did you graduate from university?” Laura asked Tanya.

• “ Who is your favourite actor?”

• “ Where will you go?”

• “ What can I do for you?”

• Is anything wrong with you?

What do you like about your school?

• Do you sometimes have headaches?

What school activity did you have last?

• Are you taking any medicine now?

• What good habits have you formed at school?

• Do you spend much time out- of-doors?

• What is your favorite subject?

• Do you do sports?

• What is more important for you at school?

• Have you a good appetite?

• How often do you go on school trips?

• Do you usually go to bed late?

• What is your school record?