Промышленность Великобритании

INDUSTRY IN GREAT BRITAIN

1. Прочтите текст.

Great Britain is one of the most highly industrialized countries in the world. The largest industrial cities in Britain are: London, Birmingham, Glasgow, Manchester, Newcastle, Liverpool, and Sheffield. The district around Birmingham is a land of factories and mines. The Glasgow industrial region has many shipbuilding yards, extensive docks and textile factories. Sheffield is a big centre of steel industry, and in Manchester there are many textile factories. Liverpool is one of the’ biggest ports in the West. Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland. Oxford, Cambridge and Edinburgh are universities towns.

Britain is one of the most important and the largest exporters of automobiles, textile machinery, and electronic equipment.

Agriculture is one of the largest and most important activities in Great Britain. Four fifths of the land is devoted to it and it provides employment for over a million people.

Sheep-farming, cattle-farming and dairy-farming are still important branches in the British economy. Vegetables are grown in all parts of the country. The chief grain crops are wheat and barley.

1. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту письменно.

1. Is Great Britain a highly industrialized country?

2. What are the centres of heavy industry in Great Вritain?

3. What are the centres of the textile region?

4. What are university towns in Great Britain?

5. What does Britain export?

6. Is agriculture important activity in Great Britain?

3. Прочитайте и переведите следующие слова и словосочетания.

Machine tools, electric power equipment, automation equipment, railroad equipment, shipbuilding, aircraft, motor vehicles and parts, electronics and communications equipment, metals, chemicals, coal, petroleum, paper and paper products, food processing, textiles, clothing, and other consumer goods.

4. Заполните пропуски словами из списка так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста.

• member

• famous

• grown

• countries

• person

• industry

• include

• oil

Britain is one of the most highly industrialized 1........ in the world: for every 2........... employed in agriculture 12 are employed in industry. The original base of British 3 .......... was coal-mining, iron and steel and textiles. Today the most productive sectors 4........... high-tech industries, chemicals, finance and the service sectors, especially banking, insurance and tourism.

Birmingham developed engineering, chemicals, electronics and car manufacture. Cambridge is 5...............for software engineering (making programs for computers) and bio-chemical and bio-genetic products. Cattle-farming is the speciality of the west of England, Northern Ireland and Scotland. Wheat and fruit are widely 6..............in the south-east of England. Near the east and north-east coast of England and Scotland there are vast reserves of 7 ..........and gas. The UK is a 8.............. of OPEC — the Oil Producers and Exporters Cartel.