Quantifiers Power point

PRESENTATION

QUANTIFIERS

Contents

. Introduction

. What are quantifiers?

. Many and much

. Few and a few

. Little and a little

. Too and enough

. Some and any

ALL

any

NEITHER

EITHER

some

none

EVERYONE

MUCH

little

A LOT OF

lots of

a number of

several

plenty of

a bit of

ANYTHING

anyone

EVERYWHERE

A LITTLE

QUANTIFIERS

both

most

NO

A FEW

ENOUGH

MANY

every

FEW

LESS

WHAT ARE QUANTIFIERS ???

. A word or phrase which is used before a noun to indicate the amount or quantity.

. Use quantifiers when we want to give someone information about the number of something

. Can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns.

EXAMPLES OF QUANTIFIERS

MANY

. Use before countable nouns (Thomson & Martinet,2001, p. 41)

.Can be use in positive sentences (Murphy,1994, p. 172)

.We can use many in formal statements (Murphy,1994, p. 172)

Examples

She did not make many mistakes .

Many people drive too fast.

Many teenagers today still do not do enough sport.

MUCH

.Used before uncountable nouns (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 41)

.Use usually in negative sentences ( Davis & Rimmer, 2011, p. 105)

.Can be used as a pronoun (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 41)

Examples

We have not much fruit.

I am not very busy today. I have not got much to do.

You have a lot of free time but I have not much.

FEW and A FEW

. Both of them are used before plural nouns. ( Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 17)

. Few means that there is not enough of something.

. A few means that there is not a lot of something, but there is enough.

. Few describes the quantity in a negative way.

. A few describes the quantity in a positive way.

Examples

A few people/ few people.

This town is interesting place but few tourists know about it.

I enjoy my life here. I have a few friends and we meet quite often.

Few people visited him in hospital.

I have got a few friends.

LITTLE and A LITTLE

. Both are used before uncountable nouns. (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 17)

. Little means ‘ not enough’. ( Davis & Rimmer, 2011 p. 105)

. Little is used chiefly with better or more in fairly formal style: His second suggestion was little (= not much) better than his first. (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 17)

. A little means ‘ not very many/ much, but enough’. ( Davis & Rimmer, 2011, p. 105)

. A little is more positive. A little = some, a small amount.

. A little can be used (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 17)

a. with verbs: It rained a little during the night.

b. with ‘ unfavourable’ adjective or adverbs: a little anxious, a little impatiently…

c. with comparative adjectives or adverbs: The paper should be a little thicker.

Examples

A little salt/ little salt

There is little money. ( you can not buy it)

There is a little money. ( you can just buy it)

Let’s go and have a drink. We have got a little time before the train leaves.

TOO and ENOUGH

. Both too and enough are used to talk about how much or how little of something

there is.

. We use too to describe the negative effect of having more than necessary.

. We use enough to describe the effects of having / not having the right amount

of something. ( Mann & Taylore-Knowles, 2008, p.106)

Form

Examples

With an adjective:

too + adjective ( + full infinitive)

adjective + enough ( + full infinitive)

It is too cold to work in the garden.

Carol is not patient enough to work as a teacher.

With a noun:

too + many / much + noun ( + full infinitive)

enough + noun ( + full infinitive)

There are too many questions here.

We do not have enough money to pay our bills.

With an adverb:

too + adverb ( + full infinitive)

adverb + enough ( + full infinitive)

I got there too late to see the manager.

Jack did the work quickly enough to finish half an hour early.

SOME and ANY

. Some and any mean ‘ a certain number or amount’. They are used with or instead

of plural or uncountable nouns. (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 67)

. Some is used:

With affirmative verbs:

They bought some flowers.

In questions where the answer ‘yes’ is expected:

Did some of you sleep on the floor? ( I expected so)

In offers and requests:

Would you like some wine?

Could you do some typing for me?

. Any is used

With negative verbs:

I have not any matches.

With questions except the types noted above:

Have you got any money?

After if / whether and in expressions of doubt:

If you need any more money, please let me know.

I do not think there is any petrol in the tank.

References

. Thomson, A. J. & Martinet, A.V., (2001), A Practical English Grammar, OUP

. Murphy, R., (1994), English Grammar In Use, CUP

. Davis, F. & Rimmer, W. (2011) , Active Grammar, CUP

. Mann, M. & Taylore-Knowles, S. (2008), Destination B1 , MUP

Thank you for attention…