Разработка открытого урока по Истории английского языка "The Formation of the English language"

Subject: История английского языка (группа А-41)

Theme of the lesson: The Formation of the English language.

Type of the lesson: lecture

Form of the lesson: theoretical lessons

Aim (SMART-goal): to give knowledge about the formation of the English language

Objectives (expected results):

- educational to give knowledge about the formation of the English language through the times

- developmental to develop students’ comprehension of a language

- educative to inoculate interest to learn the language

Methods and techniques of teaching: lecture

Forms of work: frontal

Equipment: blackboard, workbooks

Procedure of the lesson

I. Organization moment

- Good morning! How are you? Are you ready for our lesson? Today we will talk about the formation of English language. As you know, this process started in 5^th century with the arrival of three Germanic tribes. Who were they?

II. Presentation of new material.

- Before we start our lecture, I offer you to watch one video about the formation of English language. Watch carefully, because we will discuss it.

Watching video-film. Discussing.

- What do you understand from this video? Who can tell us?

- When did the history of English actually begin? What is Proto-Germanic language? Did it have written form?

- Good. And now let’s check your home work. Your homework was short reports about written records about written records of every period in the History of English language. Old English – Beowulf. Middle English – Geoffrey Chaucer and his Canterbury Tales, and the last Modern English – Shakespeare. Please – present your works.

- Very good. And now let’s start our new theme. It’s may be similar for your, because we’d alreade discussed it in our previous lecture, but today we will speak more detail.

Lecture based on the following questions:

1. Formation of English Language;

2. Periodization;

3. Short brief on the history of Old, Middle, Modern English;

The history of the English language really started with the arrival of three Germanic tribes who invaded Britain during the 5th century AD. These tribes, the Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes, crossed the North Sea from what today is Denmark and northern Germany. At that time the inhabitants of Britain spoke a Celtic language. But most of the Celtic speakers were pushed west and north by the invaders – mainly in what is now Wales, Scotland and Ireland. The Angles came from Englaland and their language was called Englisc – from which the words England and English are derived.

Old English (450-110 AD)

The invading Germanic tribes spoke similar languages, which in Britain developed into what we now call Old English. Old English did not sound or look like English today. Native English speakers now would have great difficulty understanding Old English. Nevertheless, about half of the most commonly used words in Modern English have Old English roots. The words be, strong, water – derive from Old English. Old English was spoken until around 1100.

Middle English (1100-1500)

In 1066 William the Conqueror, the Duke of Normandy (part of modern France) invaded and conquered England. The new conquerors (called the Normans) brought with the a kind of French, which became the language of the Royal Court and the ruling and business classes. For a period there was a kind of linguistic class division, where the lower classes spoke English and the upper classes spoke French. In the 14th century English became dominant in Britain again, but with many French words added. This language called Middle English. It was the language of the great poet Chaucer (1340-1400) but it would still be difficult for native Enlgish speakers to understand today.

Modern English

Early Modern English (1500-1800)

Towards the end of Middle English, a sudden and distinct change in Pronunciation (the Great Vowel Shift) started with vowels being pronounced shorter and shorter. From the 16th century the British had contact with many peoples from around the world. This and the Renaissance of Classical learning meant that many new words and phrases entered the language. The invention of printing also meaте there was now a common language in print. Books became chipper and more people learned to read. Printing also brought standardization to English. Spelling and grammar became fixed, and the dialect of London, were most publishing houses were became the standard, In 1604 the first English dictionary was published.

Late Modern English (1800-Present)

The main difference between Early ME and Late ME is vocabulary. Late Modern English has many more words, arising from two principal factors: firstly, the Industrial Revolution and technology created a need for new words; secondly, the British Empire ad its height covered one quarter of the earth’s surface, and the English language adopted foreign words from any countries.

- Here you can see a picture, a scheme of all periods in the History of English with the main events. Look at this scheme. Pleas do a copy of this scheme. It will be a good helper of you.

- And copy this table.

A brief chronology of English.

III. Fixing the new material.

- Work in class. Please prepare questions about the lecture theme. Ask each other by the chain.

- What is the three main period in the History of English language? When did this History begin? What do you know about Modern English? What is the main written records of every period?

IV. Summing-up the lesson

- What have we done at our lesson today?

- What new have you learned?

- Do you like our lesson?

V. Homework

- Learn the theme and main dates of the History of English language.