Reported speech

REPORTED SPEECH

КОСВЕННАЯ РЕЧЬ

Гринина Дарья Олеговна

Студентка 2-го курса

БФУ им.И.Канта

DIRECT SPEECH

REPORTED SPEECH

Mary says (that) she likes English.

Mary says, "I like English"

She says, "I will phone you tomorrow"

She says (that) she will phone me tomorrow.

Nick says, "I will buy a ticket to Egypt tomorrow"

Nick says (that) he will buy a ticket to Egypt tomorrow.

READ CAREFULLY

TRY TO REMEMBER

После вводных слов ставим союз that.

При переводе предложения из прямой речи в косвенную мы должны обращать внимание на грамматическое время глагола в главном предложении.

В главной части предложения временная форма сохраняется в неизменном виде, а вот в придаточной части работает правило согласования времён.

Tom says, "I like cats"

Если глагол в главном предложении употреблён в настоящем времени (says, likes, asks) , то в придаточном предложении глагол не изменяется во времени.

Tom says that he likes cats.

Если глагол в главном предложении употреблён в прошедшем времени (said, liked, asked) , то в придаточном предложении глагол употребляется обязательно в одном из прошедших времён.

Tom said, "I am busy"

Tom said that he was busy.

I go to school.

He said that he WENT to school.

I am going to school.

He said he WAS GOING to school.

I went to school.

He said he had gone to school.

I was going to school.

He said that he had been going to school.

Изменение указателей времени и места

Change the direct speech into reported speech. Use 'she said' at the beginning of each answer.

Julie doesn't like going out much.

She said that Julie didn’t like going out much.

She said that she WAS TALKING on the telephone.

She said that they never ARRIVED on time.

Had been +v ing

She said that she HAD BEEN TELLING a joke.

She said that he HADN’T BEEN LEARNING Spanish words.

She's talking on the telephone.

They never arrive on time.

I'm taking the train to Berlin.

She was telling a joke.

He wasn't learning Spanish words.

FUTURE SIMPLE | FUTURE CONTINOUS

В любой форме будущего времени will меняется на would , образуя будущее в прошедшем.

Robert said, «I will call you tommorow». – Роберт сказал: «Я позвоню тебе завтра».

Robert promised that he would call me tommorow. – Он пообещал, что позвонит мне завтра.

УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЕ МОДАЛЬНЫХ ГЛАГОЛОВ

К модальным глаголам, которые меняются в косвенной речи, относятся:

• Can → could; May → might; Must → had to; Will → would; Have or has to → had to; Can’t → wouldn’t be able to.
• Can → could;
• May → might;
• Must → had to;
• Will → would;
• Have or has to → had to;
• Can’t → wouldn’t be able to.

В списке модальных глаголов, которые при переводе из direct speech в indirect, не меняются:

• Should; Would; Could; Might; Ought to; Need; Had to; Had better.
• Should;
• Would;
• Could;
• Might;
• Ought to;
• Need;
• Had to;
• Had better.

Change the direct speech into reported speech. Use 'he said' at the beginning of each answer.

HE SAID he WOULD BE LATE.

I will be late.

The boys will repair the bike.

Emily must buy new phone.

Tom can't come to our party.

QUESTIONS

• Вопросы формулируются в прямом порядке слов, а вместо вопросительного знака в конце предложения ставим точку. Общие вопросы в косвенной речи вводятся союзами if или whether, означающими «ли», а вспомогательные глаголы do/did опускаются. А специальные вопросы используются вместе с вопросительными словами.
• Вопросы формулируются в прямом порядке слов, а вместо вопросительного знака в конце предложения ставим точку.
• Общие вопросы в косвенной речи вводятся союзами if или whether, означающими «ли», а вспомогательные глаголы do/did опускаются. А специальные вопросы используются вместе с вопросительными словами.

She said, "Are you a good reader?"

She asked me if i was a good reader.

What subjects do you like?

He asked me what subjects i liked.

Change the direct speech into reported speech. Use 'he said' at the beginning of each answer.

Do you want to dance?

Where does Maria park her car?

Will Tom have lunch with Bob?

Must mom do the shopping?

Where will you live after graduation?

Find and correct the mistakes in the reported speech.

"Answer the phone!" he told me.

He told me I answered the phone.

"We never eat meat," claimed Bill.

Bill claimed that they had never eaten meat.

"I will talk to Sam soon," she told me on Sunday.

She told me on Sunday she will talk to Sam soon.

"Where is Alex?" she asked me.

She asked me where was Alex.

80.

• "We may buy a new car next year," said my grandpa. "Books written in English-speaking countries are sold everywhere," said the librarian. "The mass media may become even more powerful in the next century," said the publisher. "I like travelling from time to time," says my cousin. "You must take your medicine twice a day," said the doctor. "It will rain today," said the farmer. "Some time ago no one knew about computers," said our teacher. "It's really amazing to read CD books," says Andy. "Sharon is going to come here tomorrow," her mother said to me. "I don't feel lonely thanks to the books I love," says Margaret. "This morning I found some fantastic information on the internet," said Regina. "What's on tonight?" asked my elder sister.
• "We may buy a new car next year," said my grandpa.
• "Books written in English-speaking countries are sold everywhere," said the librarian.
• "The mass media may become even more powerful in the next century," said the publisher.
• "I like travelling from time to time," says my cousin.
• "You must take your medicine twice a day," said the doctor.
• "It will rain today," said the farmer.
• "Some time ago no one knew about computers," said our teacher.
• "It's really amazing to read CD books," says Andy.
• "Sharon is going to come here tomorrow," her mother said to me.
• "I don't feel lonely thanks to the books I love," says Margaret.
• "This morning I found some fantastic information on the internet," said Regina.
• "What's on tonight?" asked my elder sister.