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«Рождество в Великобритании. Сhristmas day in the UK»
Сhristmas Day in the UK
Выполнил Измуков Максим Геннадьевич, учитель английского языка, учитель русского языка и литературы первой квалификационной категории
In the UK Christmas Day is celebrated on December 25.
Advent
The four-week Christmas fast , which ends with the arrival of the bright holiday of the Catholic Nativity of Christ, is called Advent . The symbol of Advent is a wreath with 4 candles , each of which is lit one at a time every Sunday. They are kept alight until Christmas Eve.
The history of the Christmas holiday
- Now the birth of Jesus Christ was as follows: After His mother Mary was betrothed to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Spirit.
- Then Joseph her husband, being a just man, and not wanting to make her a public example, was minded to put her away secretly.
- But while he thought about these things, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream, saying, «Joseph, son of David, do not be afraid to take to you Mary your wife, for that which is conceived in her is of the Holy Spirit.
- And she will bring forth a Son, and you shall call His name JESUS, for He will save His people from their sins.»
- So all this was done that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the Lord through the prophet, saying:
- «Behold, the virgin shall be with child, and bear a Son, and they shall call His name Immanuel,» which is translated, «God with us.»
- Then Joseph, being aroused from sleep, did as the angel of the Lord commanded him and took to him his wife,
- and did not know her till she had brought forth her firstborn Son. And he called His name JESUS.
- Now after Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the king, behold, wise men from the East came to Jerusalem,
- saying, «Where is He who has been born King of the Jews? For we have seen His star in the East and have come to worship Him.»
- When Herod the king heard this, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him.
- And when he had gathered all the chief priests and scribes of the people together, he inquired of them where the Christ was to be born.
- So they said to him, «In Bethlehem of Judea, for thus it is written by the prophet:
- «But you, Bethlehem, in the land of Judah, Are not the least among the rulers of Judah; For out of you shall come a Ruler Who will shepherd My people Israel.»́
- Then Herod, when he had secretly called the wise men, determined from them what time the star appeared.
- And he sent them to Bethlehem and said, «Go and search carefully for the young Child, and when you have found Him, bring back word to me, that I may come and worship Him also.»
- When they heard the king, they departed; and behold, the star which they had seen in the East went before them, till it came and stood over where the young Child was.
- When they saw the star, they rejoiced with exceedingly great joy.
- And when they had come into the house, they saw the young Child with Mary His mother, and fell down and worshiped Him. And when they had opened their treasures, they presented gifts to Him: gold, frankincense, and myrrh.
- Then, being divinely warned in a dream that they should not return to Herod, they departed for their own country another way.
Troparion is a short chant that reveals the essence of the holiday.
Troparion of the Nativity of Christ
Thy Nativity, O Christ our God, ascend the light of reason to the world: in it we serve the stars, we study with a star, We bow to the Sun of truth, and We lead You from the height of the East: Lord, glory to You.
Christmas traditions
- Christmas Day is a family holiday in Great Britain. Traditionally, everyone gives each other presents; the British decorate their houses, put up Christmas Trees, and children write letters to Santa Claus.
Christmas Tree
The Christmas tree , usually a fir or spruce, embodies people's ideas about the rebirth and renewal of the world. For the first time , decorating a Christmas tree for Christmas began in Germany in the XVI century . By Christmas Eve , in some families it has become a custom to put a small Christmas tree on a table covered with a white tablecloth, decorated with candles, edible ornaments in the form of apples, sweets, fruits, nuts. Gifts were put under the Christmas tree (this custom is still loved everywhere and by everyone).
On Trafalgar Square, in the center of London, a huge Christmas tree is put up every year, which is a gift from the Government of Norway.
Letter To Santa Claus
Letter From Santa Claus
- Last Christmas , I gave you my heart But the very next day, You gave it away This year, to save me from tears I'll give it to someone special
- Last Christmas, I gave you my heart But the very next day, you gave it away This year, to save me from tears I'll give it to someone special
- Once bitten and twice shy I keep my distance But you still catch my eye Tell me baby Do you recognize me? Well it's been a year, It doesn't surprise me
- (Happy Christmas!) I wrapped it up and sent it With a note saying «I love you» I meant it Now I know what a fool I've been But if you kissed me now I know you'd fool me again
- Last Christmas, I gave you my heart But the very next day, you gave it away This year, to save me from tears I'll give it to someone special
- Last Christmas, I gave you my heart But the very next day, you gave it away This year, to save me from tears I'll give it to someone special
- (Oooh… Oooh Baby)
- A crowded room, Friends with tired eyes I'm hiding from you And your soul of ice My God! I thought you were someone to rely on Me? I guess I was a shoulder to cry on But a face on a lover with a fire in his heart A man undercover but you tore me apart Oooh Oooh Now I've found a real love You'll never fool me again
- Last Christmas, I gave you my heart But the very next day, You gave it away This year, to save me from tears I'll give it to someone special
- Last Christmas, I gave you my heart But the very next day, You gave it away This year, to save me from tears I'll give it to someone special
- A face on a lover With a fire in his heart (Gave you my heart) A man undercover But you tore me apart (Next year) I'll give it to someone, I'll give it to someone special (Special someone) Someone
- I'll give it to someone, I'll give it to someone special Who'll give me something in return I'll give it to someone Hold my heart and watch it burn
- I'll give it to someone, I'll give it to someone special I've got you here to stay I can love you for a day
- I thought you were someone special Gave you my heart I'll give it to someone, I'll give it to someone Last Christmas I gave you my heart You gave it away I'll give it to someone, I'll give it to someone La la la la...
- На прошлое Рождество Я подарил тебе свое сердце, Но ты вернула его на следующий день. В этом году, чтобы спасти себя от слез, Я подарю его кому-нибудь особенному.
- На прошлое Рождество Я подарил тебе свое сердце, Но ты его вернула на следующий день. В этом году, чтобы спасти себя от слез, Я подарю его кому-нибудь особенному.
- Обжегшись на молоке, дуешь на воду. Я держусь подальше, Но ты все еще у меня перед глазами. Скажи, детка, Ты меня узнаешь? Уже год прошел, Меня это не удивляет.
- (Счастливого Рождества!) Я завернул и послал тебе С надписью: «Я тебя люблю!» И это так Теперь я знаю, что был дураком. Но если бы ты меня сейчас поцеловала, Я бы был дураком опять.
- На прошлое Рождество Я подарил тебе свое сердце, Но ты вернула его на следующий день. В этом году, чтобы спасти себя от слез, Я отдам его кому-нибудь особенному.
- На прошлое Рождество Я подарил тебе свое сердце, Но ты вернула его на следующий день. В этом году, чтобы спасти себя от слез, Я отдам его кому-нибудь особенному.
- (Оооо… Оооо, детка)
- Переполненная комната, Друзья с уставшим взглядом. Я прячусь от тебя И твоей ледяной души. О Боже! Я думал, на тебя можно надеяться… Я? Видимо, я был лишь жилеткой, чтобы поплакаться Но влюбленный, с огнем в сердце, Верный тебе, но ты все разрушила.
- Оооо… Оооо… Я нашел настоящую любовь, Меня ты никогда больше не одурачишь.
- На прошлое Рождество Я подарил тебе свое сердце, Но ты вернула его на следующий день. В этом году, чтобы спасти себя от слез, Я подарю его кому-нибудь особенному.
- На прошлое Рождество Я подарил тебе свое сердце, Но ты вернула его на следующий день. В этом году, чтобы спасти себя от слез, Я подарю его кому-нибудь особенному.
- Влюбленный, С огоньком в сердце, (Отдал тебе сердце) Верный тебе, Но ты все разрушила. (В следующем году) Я отдам его кому-нибудь, Я отдам его кому-нибудь особенному. (Кому-то особенному) Кому-то…
- Я подарю его кому-нибудь, Я подарю его кому-нибудь особенному. Кто даст мне что-нибудь взамен. Я подарю его той, кто Возьмет мое горящее сердце.
- Я подарю его кому-нибудь, Я подарю его кому-нибудь особенному. У меня есть ты, чтобы остаться, Я подарю тебя полюбить на день.
- Я думал, ты особенная… Отдал тебе свое сердце… Я подарю его кому-нибудь, Я подарю его кому-нибудь, На прошлое Рождество Я подарил тебе свое сердце, Ты вернула его обратно. Я подарю его кому-нибудь, Я подарю его кому-нибудь, Ла-ла-ла-ла...
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
Christmas Bells
- I heard the bells on Christmas Day Their old, familiar carols play, And wild and sweet The words repeat Of peace on earth, good-will to men! And thought how, as the day had come, The belfries of all Christendom Had rolled along The unbroken song Of peace on earth, good-will to men! Till, ringing, singing on its way The world revolved from night to day, A voice, a chime, A chant sublime Of peace on earth, good-will to men! Then from each black, accursed mouth The cannon thundered in the South, And with the sound The Carols drowned Of peace on earth, good-will to men! And in despair I bowed my head; "There is no peace on earth," I said; "For hate is strong, And mocks the song Of peace on earth, good-will to men!" Then pealed the bells more loud and deep: "God is not dead; nor doth he sleep! The Wrong shall fail, The Right prevail, With peace on earth, good-will to men!" by Longfellow Henry Wadsworth
Christmas traditions
- Christmas is the family holiday and it is celebrated with loved ones. There's a popular belief amongst the English: a good year beginning makes the whole year good. That’s why Christmas dinner has a variety of dishes, amongst them is plum pudding. Traditionally it was composed of thirteen ingredients, symbolizing Jesus and the Twelve Apostles in Catholic teaching.
- Изюм (разного светлого и темного) — 300 г
- Чернослив (сушеный) — 100 г
- Имбирь (засахаренный, в виде сухофрукта. + 1/4 ч.л. сухого имбиря порошком) — 100 г
- Коньяк (80 мл. для замачивания, 50 мл. - для пропитки.) — 130 мл
- Апельсин (отдельно сок и цедра) — 1 шт
- Яблоко (почистить и нарезать кубиками) — 1 шт
- Миндаль (молотый) — 70 г
- Мука пшеничная / Мука — 100 г
- Крошка хлебная (белый хлеб нарезать кубиками) — 50 г
- Яйцо куриное (комнатной температуры) — 2 шт
- Масло сливочное (комнатной температуры) — 60 г
- Масло подсолнечное — 50 мл
- Сахар — 80 г
- Мед (жидкий) — 50 г
- Молоко — 100 мл
- Соль — 1/4 ч. л.
- Ванилин — 1/4 ч. л.
- Корица — 1/4 ч. л.
- Гвоздика — 1/4 шт
- Орех мускатный — 1/4 ч. л.
- Raisins (different light and dark) — 300 g
- Prunes (dried) — 100 g
- Ginger (candied, in the form of dried fruit. + 1/4 tsp dry ginger powder) — 100 g
- Cognac (80 ml. for soaking, 50 ml. - for impregnation.) — 130 ml
- Orange (juice and zest separately) — 1 piece
- Apple (peel and cut into cubes) — 1 piece
- Almonds (ground) — 70 g
- Wheat flour / Flour — 100 g
- Bread crumbs (white bread cut into cubes) — 50 g
- Chicken egg (room temperature) — 2 pcs
- Butter (room temperature) — 60 g
- Sunflower oil — 50 ml
- Sugar — 80 g
- Honey (liquid) — 50 g
- Milk — 100 ml
- Salt — 1/4 tsp
- . Vanilla — 1/4 tsp
- . Cinnamon — 1/4 tsp
- . Cloves — 1/4 pcs.
- Nutmeg — 1/4 tsp .
- Wash the dried fruits and soak them in 80 ml of cognac and orange juice for a day (as little as possible, but not less than 12 hours)
- . Beat the butter with sugar.
- Add the eggs one at a time.
- Dissolve honey in milk.
- Add to the dough and add sunflower oil.
- Mix it up.
- Add ground almonds.
- Sift flour with salt.
- Add spices.
- Vanilla and cinnamon.
- Add the sliced apple.
- Bread crumbs.
- Chopped ginger and soaked dried fruits.
- Mix everything together.
- Grease the heat-resistant mold with oil.
- Put a piece of foil on the bottom.
- Put the dough into the mold, pressing with a spoon so as to avoid the formation of "voids" in the future cupcake.
- Level the surface.
- Put foil on the desktop, put cooking paper on top. In the center of the paper and foil, form a "fold" about 2 cm high.
- This is done in order, because in the process of cooking, the pudding may slightly increase.
- Cover the cupcake so that the foil layer is on top, press the paper and foil tightly to the edges of the mold, tie with a tight thread, cut off the "extra" foil and paper.
- Place the mold in a saucepan.
- Fill a saucepan with boiling water about 1/4 the height of the mold.
- Cover with a lid.
- Cook on the stove over low heat for 6-8 hours.
- Add water as needed.
- Cool completely.
- Remove the paper and foil.
- Using a thin, sharp object, make punctures in the cupcake and soak it with cognac (40-50 ml).
- Cover the soaked cupcake with clean paper and foil.
- It can be stored in a cool place for 2 months.
- Soak it with a new portion of cognac every week.
- Sprinkle with powdered sugar before serving.
- Bon appetit and Merry Christmas!
- Сухофрукты помыть и замочить в 80 мл. коньяка и апельсиновым соком на сутки (можно меньше, но не менее 12 ч.)
- Масло взбить с сахаром.
- По одному добавить яйца.
- В молоке растворить мед.
- Добавить в тесто и добавить подсолнечное масло.
- Перемешать.
- Добавить молотый миндаль.
- Просеять муку с солью.
- Добавить специи.
- Ванилин и корицу.
- Добавить нарезанное яблоко.
- Хлебные крошки.
- Нарезанный имбирь и замоченные сухофрукты.
- Все перемешать.
- Жаропрочную форму смазать маслом.
- На дно положить кусочек фольги.
- Выложить тесто в форму, надавливая ложкой так, чтобы избежать образования «пустот» в будущем кексе.
- Разровнять поверхность.
- На рабочий стол постелить фольгу, сверху выложить кулинарную бумагу. По центру бумаги и фольги сформировать «складку» высотой примерно 2 см.
- Это делается для того, т. к в процессе приготовления пудинг может чуть-чуть увеличиться.
- Накрыть кекс так, чтобы слой фольги был сверху, прижать плотно бумагу и фольгу к краям формы, перевязать тугой нитью, обрезать «лишние» фольгу и бумагу.
- Поместить форму в кастрюлю.
- Наполнить кастрюлю кипящей водой примерно на ¼ высоты формы.
- Накрыть крышкой.
- Готовить на плите на небольшом огне 6-8 часов.
- По мере необходимости подливать воду.
- Полностью остудить.
- Снять бумагу и фольгу.
- С помощью тонкого, острого предмета сделать проколы в кексе и пропитать его коньяком (40-50 мл).
- Накрыть пропитанный кекс чистыми бумагой и фольгой.
- Хранить можно в прохладном месте в течение 2 месяцев.
- Каждую неделю пропитывайте его новой порцией коньяка.
- Перед подачей посыпать сахарной пудрой.
- Приятного аппетита и счастливого Рождества!
Christmas traditions
- The second Christmas day is called “Boxing day” . The reason is that Santa puts the presents under the Christmas tree during the night of the 25th to the 26th of December and the next day, all unpack their present boxes.
Christmas traditions
- One more symbol of the holiday is stockings hanging up on the mantel. A legend is connected to this tradition. Once, Santa delivered gifts, and when getting through a fireplace, he accidentally dropped some gold coins into stockings that were drying there.
Christmas traditions
- On Christmas Eve , before going to bed, children, in the hopes of getting better presents, leave biscuits or pieces of pie and some milk near the mantel for Santa plus a carrot for his deer Rudolf. Christmas Day is a time for miracles and realization of wishes. On this day everyone gives not only gifts but also postcards. To give cards is an English tradition that showed up in the 19th century when the first Christmas card was printed. And of course, everyone wishes each other “Merry Christmas and Happy New Year!”.