Silent letters.

SILENT LETTERS ( OKUNMAYAN HAFLER)

Hicbir dilde Ingilizcede’deki kadar okunmayan harf adedi ve bollugu yoktur.

Bunun boyle olmasinin en buyuk sebebi, asirlarin getirdigi gelismeden ziyade, 16. ve 17. asirda dil bilginlerinin, o zamana kadar basit sekilde yazilan binlerce latin kokenli ingilizce kelimedeki imladan atilmis ve artik Ingilizce’de telaffuz edilmeyen sessiz harfleri, latince kokune uygun gozukmesini saglamak uzere, imla unsuru olarak yeniden kullanmaya karar vermeleridir.

Okunmayan sessiz harfler sunlardir:

letter

explanation

b

examples

After m

In front of t

Bomb, comb, climb, tomb

Debt, doubt, subtle

letter

explanation

c

examples

Before t

In front of qu

Indict / indait /, victuals / vitils /

Acquaint, acquire, acquit

letter

examples

d

Han d some / hensim/, We d nesday / Wenzdi/,

Han d kerchief

letter

explanation

g

examples

Before m & n

Diaphra g m, gnat, desi g n, colo g ne, si g n, g narl

letter

explanation

h

examples

Before vowels

With consonants

An H onest person, half an h our later ,an h eir to the throne , an h onorable man,

R h yme, g h ost, T h omas, Sara h

letter

explanation

k

examples

Before n

Knee, knife, knot, know, knead, knit

letter

explanation

h

examples

Before vowels

With consonants

An H onest person, half an h our later ,an h eir to the throne , an h onorable man,

R h yme, g h ost, T h omas, Sara h

letter

explanation

l

examples

Before k & m

In other situations

Cha l k, wa l k, fo l k, ta l k, psa l m

Ca l f, ha l f, cou l d, shou l d

letter

explanation

p

examples

Before s

In other cases

P seudo name, p sycho, cor p s

Recei p t, cu p board, p neumonia, P tolemy

letter

explanation

n

examples

after m

Autum n , column, solem n

letter

explanation

s

examples

Before l

In other cases

Island, isle, aisle

Debri s , vi s count

letter

explanation

t

examples

After s

After f

Fas t en, cas t le, lis t en,

Of t en, sof t en

letter

explanation

w

examples

Before r

In other cases

W rite, w rap, w rong,

Ans w er, t w o, s w ord

letter

explanation

ch

examples

Ya ch t, yachting

letter

explanation

gh

examples

At the end of the word

Before t at the end of the word

Hi gh , si gh , plou gh ,

Fi gh t, ou gh t, cau gh t, fou gh t

letter

explanation

h

w

examples

After w

Before h

W h ip, w h ich, w h eel, w h ale

W ho, w ho, w hose,