Задание 1. Прочитайте и письменно
перевед
Non traditional renewable sources of energy It is known that much is being done in the world today for the development of non-traditional sources of energy. Without them the Earth cannot support its present population of 7 billion people. Now we are using traditional power sources, that is, oil, natural gas, coal, and water power with the consumption of more than 50 billion barrels per year. It is evident that these sources are not unlimited. That is why it is so important to use such renewable sources of energy as the sun, wind, geothermal energy and others. Research is being carried out in these fields. One of the most promising research is the development of power stations with direct transformation of solar energy into electricity on the basis of photoeffect. It was Russia that was the first in the world to develop and test a photoelectric battery of 32,000 volts and effective area of only 0.5 sq.m., which made it possible to concentrate solar radiation. This idea is now being intensively developed in many countries. However, the efficiency of a solar power station is considerably reduced because of the limited time of its work during the year. But it is possible to improve the efficiency of solar power stations by developing different combinations of solar power stations and traditional ones – thermal, atomic and hydraulic. Today some engineers are working at the problem of developing electric power stations with the use of a thermal-chemical cycle. It will operate on products of the transformation of solar energy, whereas the “solar” chemical reactor uses CO2 and water stream of the thermal power station. The result is that we have a closed cycle. It is planned that plants working on the energy of the solar heat provided by the sun will be built on a larger scale. That different wind energy plants are being developed is also well-known. These energy plants can be small (of several kilowattes) and large powerful systems. It is important that all these advances in developing new sources of energy and improving the old ones help to solve the energy problem as a whole and they do not have negative effects on the environment.
Задание 2. Переведите следующие фразы на русский язык письменно:
1. non-traditional sources of energy
2. 50 billion barrels per year
3. promising research
4. effective area
5. the limited time of work
6. to improve the efficiency
7. the use of a thermal-chemical cycle
8. on a larger scale
9. advances in developing new sources of energy
10. not to have negative effects on the environment
1. нетрадиционные источники энергии
2. 50 млрд баррелей в год
3. перспективных исследований
4. эффективная площадь
5. ограниченное время работы
6. для повышения эффективности
7. использование термо-химического цикла
8. в большем масштабе
9. успехи в разработке новых источников энергии
10. чтобы не иметь негативных последствий на окружающую среду
Задание 3. Дайте английские эквиваленты следующих слов и фраз:
1. известно
2. поддерживать
3. потребление
4. поэтому
5. проводить исследование
6. на основе
7. концентрировать солнечное излучение
8. интенсивно развиваться
9. значительно снижаться
10. работать над проблемой
1. known
2. to support
3. consumption
4. so
5. conduct research
6. on the basis of
7. concentrating solar radiation
8. to develop intensively
9. significantly reduced
10. to work on the problem
Задание 4.Образуйте три степени сравнения прилагательных:
small, important, happy, good, effective, little, new, old, big.
small – smaller – the smallest,
important- more important – the most important,
happy - happier -the happiest,
good-better - the best,
effective – effective - the effectivest,
little -less - the least,
new -newer – the newest,
old-elder -the eldest,
big – bigger – the biggest.
Задание 5. Выпишите из текста прилагательные в сравнительной и превосходной степени (укажите их положительную степень).
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Most promising - promising
Larger - large
Задание 6. Найдите и выпишите из текста.
а) 5 неправильных глагола (укажите 3 формы этих глаголов);
б) 5 предложений с глаголами в страдательном залоге;
в) 2 предложения с модальными глаголами.
а) do-did – done,
be-was – been,
make- made-made,
have-had-had,
build – built-built,
б) 1.It will operate on products of the transformation of solar energy, whereas the “solar” chemical reactor uses CO2 and water stream of the thermal power station.
2. It is planned that plants working on the energy of the solar heat provided by the sun will be built on a larger scale.
3. Research is being carried out in these fields.
4. But it is possible to improve the efficiency of solar power stations by developing different combinations of solar power stations and traditional ones – thermal, atomic and hydraulic.
5. Now we are using traditional power sources, that is, oil, natural gas, coal, and water power with the consumption of more than 50 billion barrels per year.
в) 1. It will operate on products of the transformation of solar energy, whereas the “solar” chemical reactor uses CO2 and water stream of the thermal power station.
2. These energy plants can be small (of several kilowattes) and large powerful systems.
Задание 7.Вставьте модальные глаголы по смыслу
1. You can to do this work tomorrow.
2. They can not come yesterday.
3. New equipment … be installed in the lab only next week.
4. They … be more attentive carrying out the test. It is very important.
5. The problem … be solved immediately.
6. They … support his idea of using new techniques in work. It is very expensive.
7. … I use your phone to make a call?
8. You … improve the quality of products.
Задание 8. Составьте четыре типа вопросов (общий, специальный, альтернативный, разделительный) к следующим предложениям
1. Much is being done in the world today for the development of non-traditional sources of energy.
2. Energy plants can be small and large powerful systems.
3. The advances in developing new sources of energy and improving the old ones help to solve the energy problem.
Задание 9. Вставьте необходимые предлоги. Переведите предложения на русский язык письменно.
1. Scientists are carrying … the research in different fields.
2. Today engineers are working … the problem … developing non-traditional sources of energy. 3. The electric power stations with the use of a thermal-chemical cycle will operate … products of the transformation of solar energy.
4. Plants which work … the energy of the solar heat provided … the sun will be built in a greater amount.
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