Walking is not enough to keep fit
Walking may not be enough on its own to produce significant health benefits, research suggests. A team from Canada’s University of Alberta compared a 10,000-step exercise programme with a more traditional fitness regime of moderate intensity. Researchers found improvements 1 _______________________ were significantly higher in the second group. They told an American College of Sports Medicine meeting that gentle exercise was 2 _______________________. In total 128 people took 3 _______________________. The researchers assessed influence on fitness by measuring blood pressure and lung capacity. They found out the 10,000-step programme did help to get people motivated – and was an excellent way to start 4 _______________________. But to increase the effectiveness, some intensity must be added to their exercise. “Across your day, while you are achieving those 10,000 steps, take 200 to 400 of them at a faster pace. You've got to do more than light exercise and include regular moderate activity, and don't be shy to have an occasional period of time at an energetic level.” The researchers were concerned there was too much focus 5 _______________________, rather than on its intensity.
Professor Stuart Biddle, an expert in exercise science at the University of Loughborough, said it was possible that the current guidelines on how much exercise to take were set too low. “However, you have got to find 6 _______________________. The harder you make it, the fewer people will actually do it.” Professor Biddle said there was no doubt that energetic exercise was the way to get fit, but volume rather than intensity might be more useful in tackling issues such as obesity.
A. part in the project
B. taking exercise
C. gave marked health benefits
D. in fitness levels
E. on simply getting people to take exercise
F. not enough to get fit
G. a compromise between physiology and psychology
A Gifted Cook
If there is a gene for cuisine, Gabe, my 11-year-old son, could splice it to perfection. Somewhere between Greenwich Village, where he was born, and the San Francisco Bay area, where he has grown up, the little kid with the stubborn disposition and freckles on his nose has forsaken Boy Scouts and baseball in favor of wielding a kitchen knife.
I suppose he is a member of the Emeril generation. Gabe has spent his formative years shopping at the Berkeley Bowl, where over half a dozen varieties of Thanksgiving yams, in lesser mortals, can instill emotional paralysis. He is blessed with a critical eye. “I think Emeril is really cheesy,” he observed the other night while watching a puff pastry segment. “He makes the stupidest jokes. But he cooks really well.”
With its manifold indigenous cultures, Oaxaca seemed the perfect place to push boundaries. Like the mole sauces for which it is justly famous, the region itself is a subtle blend of ingredients – from dusty Zapotec villages where Spanish is a second language to the zocalo in colonial Oaxaca, a sophisticated town square brimming with street life and vendors selling twisty, one-story-tall balloons.
Appealing to Gabe’s inner Iron Chef seemed like an indirect way to introduce him to a place where the artful approach to life presides. There was also a selfish motive: Gabe is my soul mate, a fellow food wanderer who is not above embracing insanity to follow his appetite wherever it leads.
Months ahead of time, we enrolled via the Internet in the daylong Wednesday cooking class at Seasons of My Heart, the chef and cookbook author Susana Trilling’s cooking school in the Elta Valley, about a 45-minute drive north to town. In her cookbook and PBS series of the same name, Ms. Trilling, an American whose maternal grandparents were Mexican, calls Oaxaca “the land of no waste” where cooking techniques in some ancient villages have endured for a thousand years.
I suspected that the very notion of what constitutes food in Oaxaca would test Gabe’s mettle. At the suggestion of Jacob, his older brother, we spent our second night in Mexico at a Oaxaca Guerrero baseball game, where instead of peanuts and Cracker Jack, vendors hawked huge trays piled high with chapulines, fried grasshoppers cooked in chili and lime, a local delicacy. Gabe was bug-eyed as he watched the man next to him snack on exoskeletal munchies in a paper bowl. “It’s probably less gross than a hot dog,” he admitted. “But on the rim of the bowl I saw a bunch of legs and served body parts. That’s revolting!”
Our cooking day began at the Wednesday market in Etla, shopping for ingredients and sampling as we went. On the way in the van, Gabe had made friends with Cindy and Fred Beams, fellow classmates from Boston, sharing opinions about Caesar salad and bemoaning his brother’s preference for plain pizza instead of Hawaiian. Cindy told Gabe about a delicious sauce she’d just had on her omelet at her B & B. “It was the best sauce – to die for,” she said. “Then I found out the provenance. Roasted worms.”
The Oaxacan taste for insects, we’d learn – including the worm salt spied at the supermarket and the “basket of fried locusts” at a nearby restaurant – was a source of protein dating back to pre-Hispanic times.
When our cooking class was over I saw a flicker of regret in his face, as though he sensed the world’s infinite variety and possibilities in all the dishes he didn’t learn to cook. “Mom”, he said plaintively, surveying the sensual offerings of the table. “Can we make everything when we get home?”
1. Gabe’s mother thinks that he is
A) lazy.
B) determined.
C) selfish.
D) thoughtful.
2. Gabe is supposed to represent the Emeril generation because he
A) is fond of criticizing others.
B) feels happy being alone.
C) is interested in cooking.
D) is good at making jokes.
3. The narrator wanted to take Gabe to Oaxaca because
A) he could speak Spanish.
B) there are a lot of entertainments for children there.
C) he knew a lot about local cultures.
D) he was the best to keep her company.
4. Gabe was struck when he
A) was told that local cooking techniques were a thousand years old.
B) saw the man next to him eat insects.
C) did not find any dish to satisfy his appetite.
D) understood that a hot dog was less gross than a local delicacy.
5. The Oaxacan people eat insects because this kind of food
A) tastes pleasant.
B) is easy to cook.
C) contains an essential nutritional element.
D) helps to cure many diseases.
6. At the end of the class Gabe felt regret because
A) there were a lot of dishes he could not make on his own.
B) the dishes he made were not tasty.
C) he did not want to go back home.
D) he had not managed to master all the dishes he liked.
7. In paragraph 3 “brimming with” means
A) lacking.
B) being filled with.
C) astonishing with.
D) beckoning with.
А. Personal style in a uniform
B. Old but dear
C. Get a holiday spirit
D. Dance competition
E. A hobby that carries away
F. Meaning without words
G. The number is not guilty
H. Yes to school uniform
1. Dance is in my heart, in my blood and in my mind. I dance daily. The seldom-used dining room of my house is now an often-used ballroom. The CD-changer has five discs at the ready: waltz, rock-and-roll, swing, salsa, and tango. Tango is a complex and difficult dance. I take three dancing lessons a week, and I am off to Buenos Aires for three months to feel the culture of tango.
2. Clothes play an important role in my life. My passion for fashion began when I was in elementary school. I attended a private school with uniformed dress code. At first I felt bad that I could not wear what I wanted, but soon I learned to display my creativity and style through shoes and accessories. They can make each of us each of us unique, in a uniform or not.
3. I believe that music has a bigger place in our society than it is given credit for. The single word ‘music’ covers so many styles. Rock bands and classical musicians make listeners get the meaning from the music. Music tells stories about life and death, expresses feelings of love, sadness, anger, guilt, and pain without using words.
4. Even as an eighteen year old young adult, I still feel the magic of Christmas. I believe in a real Christmas tree. My family has had a real Christmas tree every year of my life. When you get home and smell the sweet pine needles, something magical goes into your soul, raises your spirits. Every year we buy a real tree to fully embrace the spirit of Christmas.
5. People often try to get rid of the number thirteen. Many hotels and office buildings across the world do not have a 13th floor! I believe that the number thirteen is not an unlucky number. I was born on January, 13 and do not consider myself unlucky in any way at all! I believe that this number should have all the rights and respect we give the rest of the numbers.
6. Many kids that go to public schools don’t wear a uniform. They like to show off the new expensive clothes and often have trouble picking out outfits for school in the morning. They are more worried about whether their shirt matches the belt, rather than if the homework is completed. I believe that this is a fault of our school system and only causes problems.
7. They say that the music of your youth is the soundtrack of your life. I am 50; I enjoy new artists and new music, but I still find words of wisdom in singles of sixties and seventies, still believe that "you can't always get what you want, but sometimes, you get what you need," that "all you need is love." I like to listen to the songs I grew up with.
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Searching for a New Programme
A healthy lifestyle can vastly improve your well-being. This is a lifestyle designed for those who wish to feel more certain about their health and more in control of what the present and future will bring them in that important 1 ______ of existence. None of us wants to be sick. None of us enjoys the idea that we may become a medical statistic. This is a simple, easy-to-follow health-style that can enable you to get cards very much in your 2 ______. The doctors were fortunate enough to come into 3 ______ with a field of study that brought them to healing and well-being that they so desperately needed. They personally have 4 ______ thousands of people improve their health using only a small part of information. Many more people begin to improve their health now. Embracing the most current information from many health-related fields, the programme of healthy lifestyle gives you an understanding of the impact of exercise, breathing, sunshine, sleep and much more on your health. In order for this programme to work for you, you have to be willing to apply at least some part of it. Some change will be 5 ______. And as you make those first modest changes, you will get positive results that encourage you to do more. Changing is fun. And if you realize that your new healthy lifestyle 6 ______ the making of new habits, not the 7 ______ of old ones, you will feel very positive about what the future holds for you.
1. А) sector Б) region В) area Г) territory
2. А) benefit Б) advantage В) privilege Г) favour
3. А) touch Б) contact В) view Г) connection
4. А) confessed Б) witnessed В) determined Г) recognized
5. А) ordered Б) commanded В) forced Г) required
6. А) contains Б) consists В) involves Г) encloses
7. А) breaking Б) damaging В) ruining Г) destroying
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| Daniel and Diana Daniel and Diana were good friends. They had majored in economics at Bristol University in the early 1980s. Then Daniel met Rachel, who had arrived a year after them, and fell in love with her at first A22 ______. In Rachel he found everything he was looking A23 ______ in a wife. They married the day he graduated, and after they returned from their honeymoon, David took over the management of his father’s farm in Bedfordshire. Three children followed in quick succession, and Diana was proud when she was asked to be godmother to Sophie, the eldest. Daniel and Rachel had been married for twelve years; they A24 ______ ever quarelled. A25 ______ married couples were so happy. A26 ______ Diane was regularly asked to spend the weekend with them in the country, she only accepted one invitation out of three. She would have liked to join them more often, but since her divorce she had no desire to take advantage of their hospitality. Diane felt tired. She A27 ______ her work, but it had been an awful week. Two contracts had fallen through, her son had been dropped from the school soccer team, and her daughter had never stopped A28 ______ her that her father didn’t mind her watching television when she ought to be doing her homework. “I will survive.” Diana smiled and thought about Daniel’s birthday. She had forgotten to get him a present. | | 1) | view | | | 2) | glimpse | | | 3) | sight | | | 4) | look | |
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| | 1) | merely | | | 2) | nearly | | | 3) | closely | | | 4) | hardly |
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| | 1) | enjoyed | | | 2) | pleased | | | 3) | admired | | | 4) | approved |
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| | 1) | saying | | | 2) | speaking | | | 3) | telling | | | 4) | talking |
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| Zanzibar history | In 1896, Said Khalid seized power in Zanzibar. A British fleet soon arrived at the port of Zanzibar and ordered him out of the royal palace. Khalid refused to leave. At 9:02 on the morning of August 27, British ships started a fire on the palace, __________________ a war between Britain and Zanzibar. | BEGIN |
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| The palace __________________very quickly. At 9:40 that morning, Said Khalid surrendered and the war ended. | DESTROY | |
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| This “war” was the __________________ in history. It lasted a total of 38 minutes! | SHORT | |
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| The British __________________ requested money from the people of Zanzibar to pay for the shells the British warships had used to win the war. | LATE |
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| A palace with 1,300 rooms | It was King Louis XIV of France who ordered a palace with 1,300 rooms in the 1600s. Louis wanted a bigger palace than any other king. In 1661, the French started __________________ this new palace. | BUILD | |
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| It was located at a place outside Paris, __________________ Versailles. | CALL | |
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| It had to be big – Louis’s court had 20,000 people, and Versailles __________________ the centre of court life. | BECOME |
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| 2012 London Olympics | How has London 2012 changed the sporting map of the world? The United States won the highest number of gold medals and the most medals in total, with China dropping to second place on the medals table after unprecedented __________________ at their home Olympics in Beijing four years ago. | DOMINATE | |
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| The third place for Great Britain exceeded all __________________. | EXPECT | |
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| Previously, 2008 Beijing Olympics were considered the most __________________ for the British with only the fourth place. | SUCCESS | |
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| In 2008, Russia took the third place. This year, Russia fell out of the top three __________________ for the first time since the end of the Soviet era. | WIN | |
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| South Korea improved to the fifth, their best finish since hosting the Games in Seoul 24 years ago. For Australia it was a __________________ miserable Olympics, where it took the tenth place. | COMPARATIVE | |
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| It was their worst __________________ in two decades. | PERFORM |
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| You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Tom who writes: | …Last week our family went to the famous Niagara Falls. It was my first visit there and it was fun! We enjoyed the weather and the splashes of falling water on our faces. It reminded us of our last rafting trip. Where can you see beautiful water sights in Russia, if at all? Have you ever gone rafting? What do you think about extreme sports in general? By the way, we are going to Greece this summer… | Write a letter to Tom. In your letter – answer his questions – ask 3 questions about his trip to Greece |
Comment on the following statement.
Every city and every town should have a zoo.
538
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