Урок по фонетике

Р а б о т а К о в а л ё в о й А н а с тас и и и С о к о л о в о й В а р в а р ы

[F] AND [V] SOUNDS

CHARACTERISTICS OF [F] SOUND.

• ACCORDING TO THE DEGREE OF NOISE: NOISE (IN THE PRODUCTION OF NOISE CONSONANTS THERE IS A NOISE COMPONENT CHARACTERISTIC)
• ACCORDING TO THE MANNER OF ARTICULATION: CONSTRICTIVE (ARE THOSE IN THE PRODUCTION OF WHICH THE AIR STREAM MEETS AN INCOMPLETE OBSTRUCTION IN THE RESONATOR, SO THE AIR PASSAGE IS CONSTRICTED)
• ACCORDING TO THE WORK OF THE VOCAL CORDS: VOICELESS (IF THE VOCAL CORDS ARE APART AND DO NOT VIBRATE WE HEAR ONLY NOISE AND THE CONSONANTS ARE VOICELESS)
• ACCORDING TO THE FORCE OF ARTICULATION: STRONG (FORTIS) (ARE PRODUCED WITH MORE MUSCULAR ENERGY AND STRONGER BREATH EFFORT)

• ACCORDING TO THE PLACE OF ARTICULATION: LABIO-DENTAL

• ACCORDING TO THE POSITION OF THE SOFT PALATE: ORAL (IN THE PRODUCTION OF WHICH THE SOFT PALATE IS RAISED AND THE AIR PASSES ONLY THROUGH THE MOUTH CAVITY)

Characteristics of [V]

[ V]

1. According to the degree of noise : Noise (In the production of noise consonants there is a noise component characteristic)

2. According to the manner of articulation : Constrictive (are those in the production of which the air stream meets an incomplete obstruction in the resonator, so the air passage is constricted)

3. According to the work of the vocal cords : Voiced (When the vocal cords are brought together and vibrate we hear voice)

4.According to the force of articulation : Weak (lenis) (are produced with a relatively weak breath effort)

5. According to the place of articulation : Labio-dental (are  consonants articulated with the lower lip and the upper teeth .)

6. According to the position of the tip of the tongue : Oral (made by allowing air to escape from the mouth, as opposed to the nose, as in a nasal consonant).

A R T I C U L A T I O N

THE SOUND /F/ IS PRODUCED BY TOUCHING THE UPPER TEETH TO THE LOWER LIP AND LETTING OUT A STREAM OF AIR/BREATH. THE ARTICULATORS SHOULD NOT TOUCH TOO TIGHT, ELSE AIR WILL NOT BE LET OUT. A GENTLE TOUCH SHOULD SUFFICE.

THE SOUND /V/ IS PRODUCED IN THE SAME WAY (POSITION OF TONGUE AND LIPS) HOWEVER, VOICING (I.E. VIBRATION AT THE THROAT LEVEL) IS THE ONLY DIFFERENCE.

COMPARISON WITH RUSSIAN [Ф] AND [В]

THE SOUNDS [F] AND [V] IN ENGLISH COINCIDE IN PRONUNCIATION WITH THE SOUNDS [Ф] AND [В] IN RUSSIAN.

TONGUE TWISTER OF SOUND F

OF ALL THE FELT I EVER FELT, I N E V E R F E L T A P I E C E O F F E L T

W H I C H F E L T A S F I N E A S T H A T F E L T F E L T , WHEN FIRST I FELT THAT FELT HAT'S FELT.

ɒv ɔːl ðə fɛlt aɪ ˈɛvə fɛlt ,

aɪ ˈnɛvə fɛlt ə piːs ɒv fɛlt wɪʧ fɛlt æz faɪn æz ðæt fɛlt fɛlt ,  

wɛn fɜːst aɪ fɛlt ðæt fɛlt hæts fɛlt

FRIENDLY FRANK FLIPS FINE FLAPJACKS.

ˈfrɛndli fræŋk flɪps faɪn ˈflæpʤæks

FIVE FRANTIC FROGS FLED FROM FIFTY FIERCE FISHES.

faɪv ˈfræntɪk frɒgz flɛd frɒm ˈfɪfti fɪəs ˈfɪʃɪz .

Tongue twisters

[ V] - sound

1. Victor’s friend Vincent rinsed his vests in vinegar. 

[ˈvɪktəz frɛnd ˈvɪntsənt rɪnst hɪz vɛsts ɪn ˈvɪnɪgə]

2. Vivacious Vivian loved to voice vigorous verses vociferously.

[vɪˈveɪʃəs ˈvɪvɪən lʌvd tuː vɔɪs ˈvɪgərəs ˈvɜːsɪz vəʊˈsɪfərəsli]

3. Vincent vowed vengeance very vehemently.

[ˈvɪntsənt vaʊd ˈvɛnʤəns ˈvɛri ˈviːɪməntli]

4. Very volatile vets visited several wives. [vɛri ˈvɒlətaɪl vɛts ˈvɪzɪtɪd ˈsɛvrəl waɪvz]

5. Vivian is a very wary of Vinnie and Winnie’s vicious, villainous ways

[ˈvɪvɪən ɪz ə ˈvɛri ˈweəri ɒv Vinnie ænd ˈwɪniz ˈvɪʃəs ,  ˈvɪlənəs weɪz ]

POEM WITH [F]

1.FIONA AND PHILIPPA FED THE FISH; THEY FOUND THE FOOD IN THE FREEZER DISH.

ˈəʊnə ænd Philippa fɛd ðə fɪʃ; ðeɪ faʊnd ðə fuːd ɪn ðə ˈfriːzə dɪʃ.

3 . F I N F O U N D A F I S H

A T A F I S H A N D C H I P S S H O P S H E P U T I T I N A D I S H

BUT THE FISH FLIPPED AND FLOPPED. “FANTASTIC” SAID FIN,

“ W H A T A F I N E S U R P R I S E ! ”

S O S H E P U T I T I N A F I S H B O W L AND FED IT FROZEN FLIES.

æt ə fɪʃ ænd ʧɪps ʃɒp ʃiː pʊt ɪt ɪn ə dɪʃ

bʌt ðə fɪʃ flɪpt ænd flɒpt. “fænˈtæstɪk” sɛd fɪn, “wɒt ə faɪn səˈpraɪz!”

səʊ ʃiː pʊt ɪt ɪn ə fishbowl ænd fɛd ɪt ˈfrəʊzn flaɪz.

2 . F R E D H A D A F R O G

BUT THE FROG COULDN'T CROAK SO HE FED THE FROG

W I T H A C A N O F C O K E !

frɛd hæd ə frɒg

bʌt ðə frɒg ˈkʊdnt krəʊk səʊ hiː fɛd ðə frɒg

wɪð ə kæn ɒv kəʊk!

Poem with [V]

Vincent had a vacuum cleaner

ˈvɪntsənt hæd ə ˈvækjʊəm ˈkliːnə

Which was very new;

wɪʧ wɒz ˈvɛri njuː

He vacuumed the verandah

hiː ˈvækjʊəmd ðə vəˈrændə

And the velvet curtains, too.

ænd ðə ˈvɛlvɪt ˈkɜːtnz ,  tuː .

He vacuumed the venetians

hiː ˈvækjʊəmd ðə vɪˈniːʃənz

And the vases in the hall

ænd ðə ˈvɑːzɪz ɪn ðə hɔːl

And he vacuumed all the visitors

ænd hiː ˈvækjʊəmd ɔːl ðə ˈvɪzɪtəz

When they came to call!

wɛn ðeɪ keɪm tuː kɔːl !

IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS WITH [F] SOUND

F A K E I T T I L L Y O U M A K E I T

MEANING: PORTRAY YOURSELF LIKE THE PERSON YOU ALWAYS WANTED TO BECOME

EXAMPLE: I HAD NO IDEA THAT HER FAMILY IS SO ILLITERATE AS SHE ALWAYS PRETENDED TO BE CLASSY. FAKE IT TILL YOU MAKE IT

F I G H T L I K E C A T A N D D O G

MEANIG: ARGUE JEALOUSLY AND VIOLENTLY ALL THE TIME

EXAMPLE: THE MARRIED COUPLE FOUGHT LIKE CAT AND DOG THE ENTIRE TIME THEY WERE TOGETHER. FEEL BLUE

FEEL BLUE

T O F EEL S A D O R D E P R E SS E D

E X A M P L E : Y E S T E R D A Y I F E L T B L U E , A N D N O T H I N G S EE M E D T O C H EE R M E U P .

F R O M T H E B O TT O M O F M Y H E A R T

MEANING: WITH SINCERE AND DEEP FEELING

EXAMPLE: I AM REALLY HAPPY WITH THE NEW JOB AND I MEAN THAT FROM THE BOTTOM OF MY HEART.

Idiomatic expressions with [V] sound

vanish into thin air - vænɪʃ ˈɪntuː ði eə - to completely disappear.

in vain - ɪn veɪn - without success.

the very thing - ðə ˈvɛri θɪŋ - the exact thing needed.

A C A D E M I C T E X T W I T H [ F ] S O U N D \

FOOTBALL TEAM

I HAVE PLAYED FOOTBALL FOR FIVE YEARS NOW. THIS FALL SEASON IS THE FIRST TIME WE HAVE COME CLOSE TO WINNING A TROPHY. THEY WILL GIVE US THE TROPHY IF WE WIN THE NEXT FOUR GAMES.

OUR FOOTBALL TEAM HAS STARTED TO PRACTICE FOR A HALF AN HOUR EACH DAY, FIVE DAYS PER WEEK. WE EAT A BIG, HEALTHY BREAKFAST AND IN OUR TIME OFF WE LEARN FOOTBALL PLAYS. ONE DAY I THOUGHT I WAS COMING DOWN WITH A COUGH, BUT IT WENT AWAY. I WAS HAPPY IT W E N T A W A Y S O F A S T B E C A US E I W A N T T O P L A Y I N O U R G A M E S .

fʊtbɔːl tiːm

aɪ hæv pleɪd ˈfʊtbɔːl fɔː faɪv jɪəz naʊ. ðɪs fɔːl ˈsiːzn ɪz ðə fɜːst taɪm wiː hæv kʌm kləʊs tuː ˈwɪnɪŋ ə ˈtrəʊfi. ðeɪ wɪl gɪv ʌs ðə ˈtrəʊfi ɪf wiː wɪn ðə nɛkst fɔː geɪmz.

ˈaʊə ˈfʊtbɔːl tiːm hæz ˈstɑːtɪd tuː ˈpræktɪs fɔːr ə hɑːf ən ˈaʊər iːʧ deɪ, faɪv deɪz pɜː wiːk. wiː iːt ə bɪg, ˈhɛlθi ˈbrɛkfəst ænd ɪn ˈaʊə taɪm ɒf wiː lɜːn ˈfʊtbɔːl pleɪz.

wʌn deɪ aɪ θɔːt aɪ wɒz ˈkʌmɪŋ daʊn wɪð ə kɒf, bʌt ɪt wɛnt əˈweɪ. aɪ wɒz ˈhæpi ɪt wɛnt əˈweɪ səʊ fɑːst bɪˈkɒz aɪ wɒnt tuː pleɪ ɪn ˈaʊə geɪmz.

Vaccine

A  vaccine  is a biological preparation that provides active  acquired immunity to a particular infectious disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins, or one of its surface proteins. 

Vaccines can be prophylactic (to prevent or ameliorate the effects of a future infection by a natural or "wild" pathogen), or therapeutic (to fight a disease that has already occurred, such as cancer).

ə ˈvæksiːn ɪz ə ˌbaɪəʊˈlɒʤɪkəl ˌprɛpəˈreɪʃən ðæt prəˈvaɪdz ˈæktɪv əˈkwaɪəd ɪˈmjuːnɪti tuː ə pəˈtɪkjʊlər ɪnˈfɛkʃəs dɪˈziːz .  ə ˈvæksiːn ˈtɪpɪk(ə)li kənˈteɪnz ən ˈeɪʤənt ðæt rɪˈzɛmblz ə dɪˈziːz-ˈkɔːzɪŋ ˌmaɪkrəʊˈɔːgənɪzm ænd ɪz  ˈ ɒf (ə)n  meɪd frɒm ˈwiːkənd ɔː kɪld fɔːmz ɒv ðə ˈmaɪkrəʊb ,  ɪts ˈtɒksɪnz ,  ɔː wʌn ɒv ɪts ˈsɜːfɪs ˈprəʊtiːnz .  ˈvæksiːnz kæn biː ˌprɒfɪˈlæktɪk  ( tuː prɪˈvɛnt ɔːr əˈmiːliəreɪt ði ɪˈfɛkts ɒv ə ˈfjuːʧər ɪnˈfɛkʃən baɪ ə ˈnæʧrəl ɔː  " waɪld "  ˈpæθəˌʤɛn ),  ɔː ˌθɛrəˈpjuːtɪk  ( tuː faɪt ə dɪˈziːz ðæt hæz ɔːlˈrɛdi əˈkɜːd ,  sʌʧ æz ˈkænsə ).