USA & UK Holidays: Common Features & Differences Праздники США и Великобритании: сходства и различия

Министерство образования и науки Алтайского края

КГБПОУ «Благовещенский строительный техникум»

08.02.01 Строительство и эксплуатация зданий и сооружений

USA & UK Holidays:

Common Features & Differences

Праздники США и Великобритании: сходства и различия

Студент: Струцкая Н. А., 171

Руководитель: Мурзинцева Т. Я.

Степное Озеро

2018

Анкетирование «Что Вы знаете о праздниках США и Великобритании?»

• 1. Какой праздник пользуется наибольшей популярностью в США?
• 2. Какой праздник не празднуется в Великобритании?
• 3. Какой цвет символизирует День святого Патрика?
• 4. Символами, какого праздника являются клевер и лепреконы?
• 5. Чем занимаются женщины, отмечающие Восьмое марта в США?
• 6. В США и Великобритании празднуется день Матери, а празднуется ли день Отца?

Цель и задачи

Цель :

демонстрация сходства и различия традиций США и Великобритании на примере общих праздников

Задачи :

• провести анкетирование по теме среди студентов и проанализировать полученный результат
• изучить и проанализировать материал по данной теме
• выявить общие праздники этих стран, особенности празднования, а так же их сходства и отличия
• представить материал в виде презентации

Holiday

Слово праздник происходит от древнеанглийского слова hāligdæg

(hālig «святой» + dæg «день»).

Слово первоначально относилось только к особым религиозным дням. В современном использовании это означает любой особый день отдыха или расслабления, в отличие от обычных дней работы или школы.

USA & UK

Most Popular Common English & American Holidays

• New Year;
• Christmas;
• St. Valentine's Day;
• St. Patrick 's Day;
• April Fool’s Day;
• Halloween;
• Easter

New Year in the USA

Many Americans mark the New Year with parties with friends and family. An estimated 1 million people venture to Times Square in New York City to watch the New Year’s Eve Ball begin its descent a minute before midnight and to count down the final seconds before the new year begins. This couple in Denver, Colorado, share a New Year’s Eve kiss. The tradition to kiss the first person you see at the stroke of midnight is rooted in German and English folklore.

Local fireworks displays, like the one above in San Francisco, are another favorite New Year’s Eve tradition

New Year in Great Britain

Many people spend most of December 31 quietly. Some, particularly young people, may choose to spend the evening in pubs, clubs or discos. Just before midnight, people turn on a radio or television to see the countdown of the last few minutes of the old year and the display of fireworks just after midnight. t this point, people often hug and kiss each other, even strangers. The first person to cross the threshold of a house after the start of the new year is a first-footer. First-footers are usually men and in different areas have different physical characteristics, such as blond or dark hair, bring different kinds of luck to the household in the coming year.

Christmas in the USA

The United States of America has many different traditions and ways that people celebrate Christmas, because of its multi-cultural nature. Many customs are similar to ones in the UK, France, Italy, The Netherlands, Poland and Mexico. The traditional meal for Western European families is turkey or ham with cranberry sauce. Many Americans, especially Christians will go to Church to celebrate the birth of Jesus at Christmas. People in America like to decorate the outsides of their houses with lights and sometimes even statues of Santa Claus, Snowmen and Reindeer.

Christmas in Great Britain

Christmas Day is celebrated in the United Kingdom on December 25. It traditionally celebrates Jesus Christ's birth. Christmas is a time for many people to give and receive gifts and prepare special festive meals. In many towns and cities, the shopping streets are also decorated with lights and large pine trees, often specially imported from Norway. Many people spend Christmas Day with family members, with whom they exchange gifts and cards. Many children wake up to find a sock or stocking filled with small gifts on their bed.

St. Valentine's Day in the USA

Americans have celebrated Valentine’s Day since the 19th century. But the holiday became really popular in the 20th century, especially in schools. In elementary school, kids exchange Valentine’s cards. Adults also exchange Valentine’s Day gifts and cards with family and friends. Chocolates are popular gifts for friends and family too. Especially a heart-shaped box of chocolates a heart-shaped box of chocolates. Of course, in the US, you also celebrate with your significant other. This just means your boyfriend or girlfriend, or your fiancé, if you’re engaged, or your husband or wife. 21% of Americans give a Valentine’s Day to their pet

St. Valentine's Day in Great Britain

Valentine's Day is considered a day of love. Valentine's Day is a celebration embraced by commerce and used heavily in marketing. Cupid, love hearts, red roses, lovebirds, and the color red is used to symbolize romantic love on stuffed toys, cards, chocolates, and other gifts. More than 25 million cards are sent for Valentine's Day each year. The modern origins of Valentine's Day come from England. In Wales, St Dwynwen's Day on January 25 is celebrated instead of, or in addition to, Valentine's. The first real association of Valentine's Day with romantic love, or "love birds," comes from Geoffrey Chaucer's poem Parliament of Foulers.

St. Patrick 's Day in the USA

Each year, the United States celebrates Saint Patrick's Day on March 17. Whether you're Irish or not, Saint Patrick's Day — or Saint Paddy's Day, as some call it— can be a fun time for the "wearing o' the green," watching a parade, or getting together with friends for a pint. The most common St Patrick's Day symbol is the shamrock. Many people choose to wear the color green and the flag of the Republic of Ireland is often seen in St Patrick’s Day parades around the world. Irish brands of drinks are popular at St Patrick’s Day events. Religious symbols include snakes and serpents, as well as the Celtic cross.

St. Patrick 's Day in Great Britain

You don't have to be Irish to celebrate St Patrick's Day in England and around the UK. London turns St. Patrick's Day in to at least a week of festivities, free performances and all kinds of Irish culture - from step dancing that rivals Riverdance to the latest crop of Irish stand-up comedians. It all culminates in a parade and festival - on the Sunday closest to St. Patrick's Day - in Central London's big public spaces - Trafalgar Square and spilling out into Covent Garden and Leicester Square. And it wouldn't be St. Patrick's Day with raising a pint or two in an authentic Irish pub.

April Fool's Day

April Fool’s Day is on 1 April. It’s the custom in the UK and USA to play a trick or a joke on someone on this day. If the person falls for the joke, then they are called an ‘April Fool’. In fact, it’s only half a day because April Fool’s Day finishes at midday.

Halloween

Halloween celebrations in the United Kingdom and USA include parties where guests are often expected to arrive in a costume to reflect the day's theme. Other people gather together to watch horror films, either at home or at a cinema. Some children go trick-or-treating. This means that they dress up and go to other peoples' houses, knocking on the door for treat of sweets or a snack. Those who do not give out a treat may be tricked with a joke instead. Halloween has its origins in pagan festivals held around the end of October in England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland.

Easter in the USA

Easter is a major religious festival of Christians that is celebrated in a grand manner with a big party time celebration. People celebrate the holiday according to their beliefs and their religious denominations. Today on Easter Sunday children wake up to find that the Easter Bunny has left them baskets of candy. He has also hidden the eggs that they decorated earlier that week. Children hunt for the eggs all around the house. Neighborhoods and organizations hold Easter egg hunts, and the child who finds the most eggs wins a prize. Traditionally, many celebrants bought new clothes for Easter which they wore to church.

Easter in Great Britain

In the UK Easter is one of the major Christian festivals of the year. It is full of customs, folklore and traditional food. In Britain Easter occurs at a different time each year. Many of the symbols and traditions of Easter are connected with renewal, birth, good luck and fertility. Of course as it is a Christian festival one of the main symbols is a cross, often on a hill. Easter eggs are a very old tradition going to a time before Christianity. Eggs after all are a symbol of spring and new life.

Exchanging and eating Easter eggs is a popular custom in many countries. In the UK before they were replaced by chocolate Easter eggs real eggs were used, in most cases, chicken eggs.

New Year

Традиция

USA

Новый год празднуется в ночь с 31 декабря на 1 января по григорианскому календарю.

GB

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Традиция целовать первого человека, которого вы увидите в полночь.

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Традиция запускать фейерверки в новогоднюю ночь

Традиция смотреть телевизор в полночь, что бы услышать отсчет последних нескольких минут.

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Традиция опускать на площади большой шар как символ нового года

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Традиция целоваться под омелой

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Верование, что то каким будет весь год зависит от того каким будет ваш первый гость

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Christmas

Традиция

USA

Традиционная еда: индейка или ветчина

Традиция посещать церковь

GB

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Наличие «Рождественских магазинов»

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Традиция отправлять рождественские открытки

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Традиция украшать дома и улицы

Традиция ставить ель на площадях и в доме

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К послушным детям приходит Санта Клаус

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Санта Клаус оставляет подарки в носках в обмен на заранее оставленные для него закуски

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На Гавайях детей поздравляет не Санта а Канакалока

Празднуется 25 декабря

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Празднуется рождение Иисуса Христа

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В некоторых местах разыгрывают театральные постановки Рождества

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Едят рождественский пудинг

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St. Valentine's Day

Традиция

USA

Празднуется 14 февраля

GB

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Традиция дарить подарки в виде конфет цветов открыток и прочей любовной символики

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Поздравляют не только вторую половинку, но и семью, и друзей

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Дарят подарки питомцам

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Традиция дарить валентинки

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Традиция прикалывать на одежду имя возлюбленного

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St. Patrick 's Day

Традиция

USA

Празднуется 17 марта

Надевают зеленую одежду, рыжие парики и прикалывают трилистник к одежде

GB

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Основные атрибуты: клевер и лепреконы

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Проходят парады и фестивали

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Разрешается выпить немного алкоголя

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Easter

Традиция

USA

Религиозный праздник

Традиция посещать церковные службы

GB

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Символом является пасхальный кролик и яйца

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Катание яиц, традиция, согласно которой люди катят яйца и тот чье яйцо катится дальше - победитель

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Родители прячут шоколадные яйца, тот из детей, кто найдет больше яиц, получит приз

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Resources

• [1] http://www.calend.ru/holidays/greatbritan/
• [2] http://www.calend.ru/holidays/usa/
• [3] https :// www . whychristmas . com / cultures / usa . shtml
• [4] https :// www . timeanddate . com / holidays / uk / christmas - day
• [5] https :// share . america . gov / how - america - rings - in - new - year /
• [6] https :// www . timeanddate . com / holidays / uk / new - year - eve
• [7] https :// christinarebuffet . com / blog / valentines - day - in - the - usa /
• [8] https :// www . timeanddate . com / holidays / uk / valentine - day
• [9] https :// www . tripsavvy . com / st - patricks - day - united - states -4160061
• [10] https :// www . tripsavvy . com / st - patricks - day - around - the - uk -1662657
• [11] http :// learnenglishteens . britishcouncil . org / uk - now / read - uk / april - fools - day
• [12] https :// www . timeanddate . com / holidays / uk / halloween
• [13] http :// www . americacallsitaly . org / american %20 life / easter . htm
• [14] https://www.learnenglish.de/culture/easter.html

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