Условные наклонения в английском языке

Conditionals

Все типы условных предложений состоят из двух частей: 1) главной части ; 2) придаточной (условной) части .

Придаточная часть выражает условие и содержит слова:

• If - если
• When - когда
• Unless - если не

Главная часть показывает результат соблюдения условия придаточной части.

Zero Conditional

• употребляется, если речь идет о научных фактах, прописных истинах, очевидных причинах и следствиях.

• If Present Simple , Present Simple .

If = when

If you eat much, you gain weight.

Water and oil do not mix if you combine them.

Water and oil do not mix when you combine them.

1. The grass (to get) wet when it (to rain) . 2. If you (to heat) ice, it (to melt) . 3. If you (to mix) green and blue, you (not to get) purple. 4. If public transport (to be) efficient, people (to stop) using their cars. 5. If people (to eat) too much, they (to get) fat. 6. People (to die) if they (not to eat) . 7. You (to get) water if you (to mix) hydrogen and oxygen. 8. Snakes (to bite) if they (to be) scared 9. If babies (to be) hungry, they (to cry) .

Conditional I

• обозначает реальные , осуществимые ситуации, которые могут относиться к настоящему или будущему.

• If Present Simple , Future Simple .

• If I find a good job, I will be happy.

1. Many wildlife habitats will be destroyed if man ______ (keep) polluting the environment. 2. If we dump all sorts of chemicals into rivers, we _____ (not be able to) swim in them in the future. 3. If we ______ (not stop) cutting down so many trees, we ________ (endanger) our oxygen supply. 4. If the global temperature ________ (rise ), sea levels _______ (rise) too. 5. People ________ (run out of) drinking water one day if they _______ (not use) it more rationally. 6. If a human __________ (want) to help the planet, then he _____________ (have to) change his habits.

Conditional II

• охватывает маловероятные, воображаемые ситуации, относящиеся к настоящему или будущему.

• If Past Simple , would+verb .

• Note: в условной части глагол to be может иметь форму were для любых подлежащих.
• If I were you, I would read this fantasy book.

• If I had more money, I would live in a palace .

What would you do if …

… another student ask ed to copy your homework?

… you were bullied at school or work?

… got lost in the forest at night?

… someone stole your bicycle?

… you saw a friend stealing something?

… you were stuck in a lift?

… your mobile phone fell in the toilet?

If another student asked me to copy my homework, I would say «No». It's pic 7.

Conditional III

• описывает невыполненные условия в прошлом, ситуацию, которую нельзя изменить.

• If Past Perfect , would have +V 3 .

• If I had listened to your advice, I would have been safe.

But now I am in a hospital.

1. If the government ______ (give) more money to the factory it ______ (not close) . 2. If the government _______ (build) flood barriers, we _______ (not have) the floods last year. 3. If Dan _______ (know) how to swim, he _________ (not drown) . 4. If Molly ________ (listen) to the weather- forecast, she __________ (know) it was going to rain. 5. If Greg _________ (tell) me he was ill, I _________ (be) more sympathetic. . 6. If she ________ (prepare) for the exam, she __________ (pass) it. 7. If Bill _______ (see) the house, he ______ (not buy) it.