"Условные предложения"

Conditional sentences

Условные предложения

Тип

Нулевой тип

Употребление

Первый тип

Общеизвестные истины

Придаточное предложение

Реальные условия и ситуации в будущем

Главное предложение

If +S+Present Simple

Второй тип

Нереальные условия и ситуации в настоящем

Третий тип

If +S+Present Simple

S+Present Simple

S+will/can/may+V

Нереальные ситуации и ситуации в прошлом

If you heat ice ,

If +S+Past Simple

It melts

If +S+Past Perfect

S+would/could/might+V

S+would/could/might+have+V 3

If the weather is fine,

I will go for a walk

I would go for a walk .

If the weather were nice today,

If the weather had been nice yesterday,

I would have gone for a walk.

Test 1. First or Second Conditional? Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.

•  
• 1 . If he (run), he’ll get there in time. 
• 2. They would be rather offended if I (not go) to see them 
• 3. If you took more exercise, you (feel) better. 
• 4. If it (stop) snowing, we can go skiing. 
• 5. If I was offered a job, I think I (take) it. 
• 6. I’m sure Ann will lend you the money. I’d be very surprised if she (refuse). 
• 7. If you (not go) away, I’ll send for the police.
• 8. If I sold my car, I (not get) much money for it .

Check up

• 1 . If he runs, he’ll get there in time. 
• 2. They would be rather offended if I did not go to see them 
• 3. If you took more exercise, you would feel better. 
• 4. If it stops snowing, we can go skiing. 
• 5. If I was offered a job, I think I would take it. 
• 6. I’m sure Ann will lend you the money. I’d be very surprised if she refused . 
• 7. If you do not go away, I’ll send for the police.
• 8. If I sold my car, I would not get much money for it .

Test 2. Second or Third Conditional? Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.

•  
• 1. If you (not be) busy, we could go for a walk.
•  
• 2. If I (have) enough money, I would have taken a taxi.
•  
• 3. If I were you, I (buy) a new suit.
•  
• 4. If I (be) interested in the film, I would have gone to the cinema.
•  
• 5. If we (not take) the wrong turning, we wouldn’t have arrived late.
•  
• 6. If he had more time, he (take) up tennis.
•  
• 7. You could have come first if you (run) faster.
•  
• 8. If she (not have) a car, we would have to go by bus.
•  

Check up

•  
• 1. If you were not busy, we could go for a walk.
•  
• 2. If I had had enough money, I would have taken a taxi.
•  
• 3. If I were you, I would buy a new suit.
•  
• 4. If I had been interested in the film, I would have gone to the cinema.
•  
• 5. If we had not taken the wrong turning, we wouldn’t have arrived late.
•  
• 6. If he had more time, he would take up tennis.
•  
• 7. You could have come first if you had run faster.
•  
• 8. If she did not have a car, we would have to go by bus.

Конструкция I wish/ if only

I wish/ if only

Past Simple

Сожалеть о ситуации в настоящем времени, которую мы бы хотели изменить

could+V

Сожалеть о невозможности сделать что-то сейчас или в будущем

Past Perfect

Сожалеть о ситуации в прошлом

Would+V

Нереальное желание изменить ситуацию в будущем, часто с оттенком недовольства, критики

Test 3. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.

•  
• 1. Bruce wishes he (have) more money so he could buy a new sweater.
•  
• 2. The weather was cold while we were away. I wish it (be) warmer.
•  
• 3. I wish I (be) taller so that I could be in the basketball team.
•  
• 4. I wish you (stop) watching television while I am talking to you.
•  
• 5. It was a terrible film. I wish we (not go) to see it.
•  
• 6. I wish the holidays (come) so we could go off to the seaside.
•  
• 7. I wish Ann (be) here. She’d be able to help us.
•  
• 8. Yesterday I got very wet in the rain. I wish I (have) an umbrella.

Check up

• 1. Bruce wishes he had more money so he could buy a new sweater.
•  
• 2. The weather was cold while we were away. I wish it had been warmer.
•  
• 3. I wish I were taller so that I could be in the basketball team.
•  
• 4. I wish you would stop watching television while I am talking to you.
•  
• 5. It was a terrible film. I wish we had not gone to see it.
•  
• 6. I wish the holidays would come so we could go off to the seaside.
•  
• 7. I wish Ann were/was here. She’d be able to help us.
•  
• 8. Yesterday I got very wet in the rain. I wish I had had an umbrella.

Chain story

• Nancy met Alan.
• He asked her out.
• They fell in love with each other.
• They got married.
• He came home late.
• They had a row.

• If Nancy had not met Alan, he would not have asked her out.
• If he had not asked her out, they wouldn’t have fallen in love with each other.
• If they had not fallen in love with each other, they would not have got married.
• If they had not got married, he wouldn’t have come home late.
• If he hadn’t come home late, they wouldn’t have a row.