Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений 10–17 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). В поле ответа запишите одну цифру, которая соответствует номеру правильного ответа.
Nike
Take a look around. How many people are wearing Nike right now? There is at least one, trust me. Nike is the number one manufacturer of footwear and clothes, and it has become a world famous brand on the same level as Coca Cola, McDonald’s, and Apple.
Nike was originally known as Blue Ribbon Shoes. It was founded in 1964 by the runner Philip Knight and his coach Bill Bowerman. They established the company to import cheap Japanese running shoes for sale in the U.S. At the very beginning they had no room or shop, so Philip Knight sold the shoes out of the back of his car. Meanwhile Bill Bowerman worked on improvements to the footwear. He tore the shoes apart to see how he could make them lighter and better.
In 1967 a third person joined Blue Ribbon Shoes. It was Jeff Johnson. A runner himself, Johnson became the first full-time employee of Blue Ribbon Shoes. His contribution to the company is so great that it's hard to estimate. Johnson created the first product brochures, print adverts and marketing materials, and even took the photographs for the company’s catalogues. He established a mail-order system and opened the first company shop.
At about the same time the company became ready to take a big move forward. They no longer wanted to be distributors, but wished to start designing and manufacturing their own brand of athletic shoes. Here again Johnson made an enormous contribution to the company. One night, he dreamed of Nike, the Greek goddess of victory, and suggested the name to his bosses.
Yet, another thing was missing – a memorable logo. One was created by a graphic design student Carolyn Davidson. She had become acquainted with Philip Knight who asked her for her design ideas and Carolyn agreed to do some freelance work for his company. Soon she presented a number of designs to Philip Knight and the other company managers, and they finally selected the mark which today is the Swoosh. That has been the Nike logo ever since then. Amazingly, Carolyn asked just $35 for her work.
In 1988 Nike started an advertising campaign with its world famous slogan 'Just Do It'. The slogan was born during a Nike meeting with the advertising agency. The slogan has become so closely associated with Nike that as soon as most people hear or see those three words, they remember Nike, even if the company name is not mentioned. Today, the words 'Just Do It' and the Nike "swoosh" brandmark are all that are needed to identify something as a Nike product. Isn't it amazing how a small symbol we call a logo can make a company into a huge success!
Nike and Blue Ribbon Shoes are the names for one and the same business. True False Not stated
The business was founded by Japanese businessmen.
The business started with renting a large shop.
P.Knight, B.Bowerman and J.Johnson were responsible for different spheres of the business in the company.
Famous athletes were employed to advertise the company’s shoes.
The company Nike was called after a character from an ancient myth.
Nike’s logo was created by a famous advertising company.
The Nike company paid a large amount of money for creating the slogan ‘Just Do It’.
Прочитайте тексты и установите соответствие между текстами и их заголовками: к каждому тексту, обозначенному буквами А–G, подберите соответствующий заголовок, обозначенный цифрами. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.
1. A reason for change
2. Souvenirs for coffee-lovers
3. Setting up the business
4. A traditional taste
5. A perfect start to the day
6. The sources of the coffee beans
7. Nature friendly company
8. Clients’ voices are heard
A. The first Starbucks opened in Seattle, Washington, 1971. Three friends, who all had a passion for fresh coffee, opened a small shop. They began buying and selling fine coffee, for which people travelled from all over the country. It wasn’t a café at that time. It was a shop selling coffee and special coffee equipment.
B. In 1981 Howard Schultz joined the Starbucks company and became its leading manager. He once went to Italy and was impressed by the coffee culture he found there: people were sitting in beautiful cafés enjoying their cups of coffee for hours. What he saw made him think about Starbucks as a café. He decided to turn the Starbucks shops into fashionable and romantic coffee bars.
C. Mornings are always good when they include a healthy breakfast. But eggs, bacon, porridge, bread – who has the time to cook? Fortunately, Starbucks can solve this problem. The coffee shop offers delicious breakfast sandwiches and cakes with your morning coffee. You can choose from 8 varieties on the menu. It will really be a good morning!
D. Starbucks today is working hard to develop their recycling program. Their cups are made partially from recycled paper. More and more Starbucks cafes today serve drinks in china cups. What's more, the company encourages people to bring their own cups and mugs for coffee. If there are fewer paper cups used, it will help keep our forests alive.
E. Starbucks coffee is grown and bought from three different regions around the world. One group comes from Asia, the second from Africa and the final one from Latin America. All in all, the company buys its coffee from 24 countries. Each kind of coffee has its own special taste and aroma which you can try and enjoy at any Starbucks café.
F. If you want to bring a piece of Starbucks home, why not buy one of their special cups or mugs? You can choose from a classic white coffee mug or a mug from a limited collection or a mug with the seasonal design. For those who are ready to show their love for Starbucks, there are caps and T-shirts and even scarves. You can find all of these in almost every coffee shop.
G. "MyStarbucksIdea.com" is the first social website from Starbucks. In this way the company hopes to be closer to those who buy their coffee. They want to know their views and opinions about the prices, the service and the quality of the coffee. Anyone can enter the site, make a comment or suggest something. These ideas will help Starbucks to improve.
Прочитайте тексты и установите соответствие между текстами и их заголовками: к каждому тексту, обозначенному буквами А–G, подберите соответствующий заголовок, обозначенный цифрами. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.
1. Shop and travel
2. They don’t want to change anything
3. A shop for the rich
4. Shopping on water
5. Children's dreamland
6. Shopping alone
7. A taste from the past
8. Not new but good and cheap
A. Hamleys is the best toyshop in the UK. It has seven floors of toys, games and sweets. The shop assistants often dress up in costumes of famous characters from fairy tales and stories. Because of this the place looks like a magic land. The atmosphere is wonderful, and the shop really has everything young ones could ever want.
B. Harrods, is perhaps London's most famous department store, named after Charles Harrods, who opened a family grocer's shop on the site in 1849. The little shop has grown and become a symbol for expensive and glamorous shopping. It contains over 300 departments selling luxury items, from furniture and ladies fashion to sports equipment. Harrods continues to astonish customers from around the world with first-class service and product quality.
C. The Old Umbrella Shop is one of the shops that hasn’t changed from the early twentieth century. Inside it looks exactly as it was years ago. There are old telephones, shelves, shop windows and an umbrella museum. What's more, it still sells umbrellas and doesn’t want to specialize in anything else. The shop has faithful clients who have been coming there for years.
D. Muara Kuin is an unusual river market in Indonesia. With the sunrise people from local villages arrive here by boat with fresh fruit and vegetables. Buyers get to the market in the same way. Nobody goes on shore, all business is done from boats. If you wish to get a cup of tea, there are special motor boats selling drinks and cookies.
E. The city of Dongguan in China has the world's largest shopping mall. There are seven zones in it, which are designed to look like world's cities and regions. In no time you'll get from Paris to Amsterdam. Take a lift and it will take you from Europe to Canada. There's even a small river with boats, where you can relax and take a trip after shopping.
F. Hope and Greenwood is a sweet shop in London. It offers traditional British sweets. They were popular in the 50s and 70s. Now you can’t find them anywhere else, because chocolate factories use new modern recipes and ingredients. This shop offers a unique opportunity to try the desserts of the previous century.
G. Oxfam is a chain of shops all over the world, which sells very cheap things. Its aim is to attract shoppers by offering them many second-hand and donated things of good quality. Also anyone can come and bring the books or clothes they no longer need. Oxfam takes everything: from stamps to furniture.
Прочитайте тексты и установите соответствие между текстами и их заголовками: к каждому тексту, обозначенному буквами А–G, подберите соответствующий заголовок, обозначенный цифрами. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.
1. Good for everyone
2. Easy to care for
3. Part of culture
4. Screen fashion
5. An innovative idea
6. Working clothes
7. Jeans’ labels
8. Clothes to protest
A. Jeans are one of fashion's most long enduring trends. Cowboys wear them but so do supermodels, farmers, presidents and housewives. Ask any group of people why they wear jeans and you will get a range of answers. For some they're comfortable and easy – for others they're trendy and cool. Jeans mean different things to different people, but they are popular everywhere.
B. Americans do not have a national folk dress with a long tradition. Blue jeans are probably the most recognisable article of American clothing. They have been part of American life for over 125 years. Blue denim jeans became not only an expression of American fashion but also an element of American identity known around the world.
C. Jeans were first designed as trousers for farmers and miners in the states of the American West. They quickly grew popular with common people, including cowboys, factory employees and railroad builders. The new trousers were made from a very strong material which did not wear out easily. However, at the same time jeans were very practical and comfortable to wear.
D. Pockets were the weak point of the miners' clothes – they easily tore away from the jeans. A man called Jacob Davis had the idea of using metal rivets (fasteners) to hold the pockets and the jeans together so that they wouldn't tear. Davis wanted to patent his idea, but he didn't have enough money, so he offered Levi Strauss a deal if Strauss paid for the patent. Strauss accepted and started making jeans.
E. By the middle of the twentieth century, these heavy cotton trousers were a symbol of opposition for young artists and writers. College students started to wear them to show they were against the Vietnam War. The new trousers were banned in American schools from coast to coast and sometimes in theatres and cinemas.
F. Jeans are good because they don't show the dirt. You can easily go a month without washing them and they don't look shocking. They don't need to be washed as often as other trousers and you don't need to iron them. What's more, because of the strong material you can wear your favorite jeans for years. Even the occasional hole or spot doesn’t spoil them at all.
G. In the 30s and 40s many people began to spend their spare time watching movies where adventurous cowboys rode horses, fought bad guys and wore blue jeans. The actors made jeans popular in movies and everyone wanted to wear them. Young people wished to imitate the casual “cowboyish” look they saw in films, and they began to wear jeans as casual wear.
Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений 10–17 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). В поле ответа запишите одну цифру, которая соответствует номеру правильного ответа.
Two sports brands
The small town in Bavaria is very famous in Germany, because there is the home of the Dassler brothers. They started two well-known sports brands: Adidas and Puma. But their story is not about peace, it's about war, disagreement and competition.
In 1924 Adolf and Rudolf started making shoes and soon had a small shoe business. The elder brother, Rudolf (or Rudi), was a veteran of World War I. He was a good businessman and knew how to sell things. The younger brother, Adolf (or Adi) was more thoughtful and creative. The brothers had 25 workers at the factory and they made 100 pairs of sports shoes every day.
During the 1936 Olympics, Adi Dassler drove to the Olympic village with a suitcase full of sports shoes. He asked an American sprinter Jesse Owens to wear and run in them. Owens won 4 gold medals and at once the Dassler shoes became popular. The Dasslers were selling 200,000 pairs of shoes each year before World War II.
We don't know much about their lives at the time of World War II. However, in the 1940s they refused to work together any more. Rudolf left the company, moved to the other bank of the river and started a competing shop there. At first he wanted to name his company Ruda, but then he thought about a graceful, quick animal – the puma. And so Puma was born.
Adi stayed with family business and renamed the company Adidas. He developed the 3-stripe logo in 1941 and registered it as Adidas' brand. Adi wanted to make a symbol that could be easily recognized by other people and three stripes was a good idea. The stripes show a mountain. You have to climb it if you want to reach the peak or achieve anything.
The serious conflict between the brothers divided the town into two: the Adidas bank and the Puma bank of the river. It was like a silent war. Only the bravest people could wear their Puma shoes and cross the river to the Adidas side of the town. When people met in the street, they first looked down at each other's shoes. It helped them to decide if that person was an enemy or a friend. What's more, Puma people didn't marry Adidas people. There were Adidas and Puma schools, pubs, shops, restaurants and hotels.
The brothers never became friendly again or even spoke to each other. Rudi died in 1974 and left Puma to his son. The family sold the company in 1989. Adi died in 1978, his son was the head of Adidas till his death in 1987. Today Puma is controlled by a big French company and Adidas is owned by a number of companies.
The "war" was declared completely over in 2009. Employees and workers of both companies shook hands and then played a football match in the Bavarian town of Herzogenaurach. The match was the first joint event for the two companies since 1948. The match ended 7–5 but the teams were not divided into Adidas and Puma. Each team was a mix of Adidas and Puma players.
The brands Adidas and Puma were started in the USA. . True False Not stated
One of the brothers advertised the first sports shoes with the help of a famous athlete.
Both brothers called their new company by their own names.
A trip to the mountain gave Adi the idea for Adidas logo.
The people of the town were involved in the brothers’ quarrel.
In Bavaria most people preferred Adidas shoes to Puma shoes.
Now Adidas and Puma belong to the Dassler family.
The results of the football match caused a new outbreak of the war between the Adidas and Puma companies.
Прочитайте тексты и установите соответствие между заголовками 1–8 и текстами А–G. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.
1Combine entertainment and shopping 2Money is not a problem
3Shopping and services 4Fashion for kids
5Britain’s special offer 6Best ways of shopping
7Art in shopping 8Eco Shopping
A.One of London’s most high-profile eco shops, Eco Age was set up by siblings Nicola and Livia Giuggioli (Colin Firth’s wife). The shop in Chiswick stocks 1700 eco-friendly, fairly traded, recyclable and durable products including gifts, gadgets, fashion and furniture…
B.Department stores are a London speciality. From Harrods to Harvey Nichols, Selfridges to Liberty, they are located across the city, stocking everything from footwear to furnishing and clothes to caviar. Most London department stores also have cafés, restaurants or bars – perfect when you need to recharge your batteries after an extended shopping session. Some even offer you the chance to unwind with a luxurious spa or beauty treatment. You’ll also find extensive cosmetics departments as well as bridal wear in the majority of larger stores.
C.Theatre De La Mode is a dynamic fusion of paper sculpture and fashion. Theatre de la Mode has collaborated with paper sculptor Andrew MacGregor to create an exhibition of sculpture, dedicated to the jacket. Later in the week, Melanie Porter’s pop-up store will showcase the designer’s stunning new collection of unique, contemporary designed chairs. Sourcing chairs from across the UK at auctions and markets, Porter transforms these pieces of forgotten furniture into beautiful works of art. Porter undertakes everything from the restoration stage to the individual upholstery, producing a one-of-a-kind piece to treasure.
D.There are many London food markets selling specialist and organic foodstuffs.
So whether you’re searching for unusual ingredients, or just fancy treating yourself to some home-made delicacies, take a look at some at London’s best food markets. For example, the award-winning Borough Market is one of the largest food markets in the city, spreading under the railway arches at London Bridge. It’s a gourmet’s paradise, offering top quality produce and artisan foods from all over Britain and the continent.
E.If you want your toddler to look as stylish as Suri Cruise and the Beckham boys, head to Selfridges where you can pick up your favourite designer clothes in miniature. Juicy Couture, Diesel, Ralph Lauren and Calvin Klein are just some of the top name brands available for little people in the famous Oxford Street store.
F.Whether you’re looking to shop, dine, stroll, be entertained or experience some unique heritage, there’s plenty of things to do in London’s Covent Garden. At the heart of Covent Garden is the market with its quirky craft stalls, boutiques and restaurants. The central piazza has a thriving café culture and is buzzing with outlandish street entertainers and fun events all day, every day.
G.London is a great place to shop for the latest fashions, even if you’re on a budget. London’s high streets are packed with fantastic shops where you can bag a cheap bargain. And if you’re after cut-price designer labels, London’s regular sales are well worth a visit. This low-budget brand is massively popular with dedicated followers of fashion. In terms of quality, you get what you pay for but it’s perfect for bargain fashion that you’re only planning to wear a couple of times. You’ll often find designer-inspired pieces appearing on the rails just weeks after their catwalk debut. Stock changes constantly, so if you see something you like, snap it up!
Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений 10–17 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). В поле ответа запишите одну цифру, которая соответствует номеру правильного ответа.
The Moneyless Man
For most of us it seems that money makes the world go round. However, not for Mark Boyle who has turned his life into a radical experiment.
Mark Boyle was born in 1979 in Ireland and moved to Great Britain after getting a degree in Business. He set up his own business in Bristol. For six years Mark Boyle managed two organic food companies which made him a good profit.
However, in 2008, he decided to give up earning money. He vowed to live without cash, credit cards, or any other form of finance.
Mark Boyle began to realise that many of the world’s problems are just symptoms of a deeper problem. He thought that money gave people the illusion of independence.
Mark sold his house and started preparing himself for his new life. He posted an advert on a website asking for a tent, a caravan (a vehicle for living or travelling) or any other type of a house. Soon an old lady gave him a caravan for free. At least he then had a roof over his head!
After that, with his pockets empty, Mark was ready to go. He didn't even carry keys as he decided to trust the world a bit more and not lock his caravan. On November 28th (International Buy Nothing Day 2008), he became the Moneyless Man for one whole year.
Everything was different from then on. Mark lived in his caravan on an organic farm where he worked as a volunteer three days a week. In return he got a piece of land to live on and grow his own vegetables. His food was cooked on a stove, and he washed in a shower made from a plastic bag hanging from a tree, and warmed by the sun.
Even breakfast was different. With no morning coffee to brew, Mark had to find an alternative drink to start the day with. So he drank herbal teas, sometimes with some fresh lemon verbena that he could find near the caravan. "It's all very good for you: iron, calcium, anti-oxidants," Mark said.
Food was the first thing to consider. Mark discovered that there were four ways to find it: looking for wild food, growing his own food, bartering (exchanging his grown food for something else), and using loads of waste food from shops.
Public interest in his project was divided. While a huge number of people supported him, there was criticism of him, particularly on Internet forums.
"People are either very positive about what I'm doing or very negative; I think it's about 70 percent/30 percent. It's funny, if you don't have a massive plasma TV these days, people think you are an extremist," Mark said.
People tend to ask Mark what he learnt from a year of a moneyless life. "What have I learned? That friendship, not money, is real security," he answers.
Mark's remarkable journey is described in his new book "The Moneyless Man", which shows in a detailed way the challenges he faced on the road to his new world.
Mark’s business in Bristol was successful.
Mark bought an expensive caravan for his new life.
Mark’s family approved of his moneyless project.
Mark got money for his work on the organic farm.
The only thing Mark couldn’t give up was coffee.
Mark got food from different sources.
People’s attitudes towards Mark’s project were different.
Some of Mark’s fans want to repeat his experiment.
Раздел 4 (задания по письму)
You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend Marty.
…I’ve always had problems with pocket money. It seems it is not enough to enjoy a teenager life full of attractions…
By the way I havе exams 15 pounds a week for pocket money. Which is the best way to spend pocket moneys? Does anyone help you to spend your pocket money? Is it important for you to have pocket money?
White a letter to him and answer his 3 questions.
Write 100–120 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.
14 756
2 499 
