Задание для студентов 104 группы на 28.10.2020

Задание 1. Изучите фонетический материал.

Что такое редукция английских гласных звуков.

Редукция английских гласных звуков (reduction [rɪ’dʌkʃ(ə)n] -сокращение, уменьшение, спад) — это изменение звуков, причиной которого является их безударное положение по отношению к другим звукам. Т.е. любой безударный гласный звук поддается редукции в той или иной мере.В английском языке существует редукция только гласных звуков, в русском – и гласных и согласных.

Например, возьмем слово носорог. Первые два гласных безударных звука [o] поддаются редукции, а также мы оглушаем последний звук (вместо [г] произносим [к]).

А теперь возьмем английское слово. Пусть это будет reduction [rɪ‘dʌkʃ(ə)n].

[ ɪ ]— слабо редуцированный. (Если бы этот звук не поддавался редукции,то он был бы под ударением и в транскрипции выглядел бы, как [ i ] с точкой наверху).

[ ʌ ] – он под ударением, значит, нередуцированный. (Обратите внимание, что ударение в английском языке ставится перед ударным слогом).

(ə) –сильно редуцированный (сокращенный) звук. Очень сильно редуцированные звуки в транскрипции обычно заключены в скобки. В нашем случае это звук (ə). Мы вообще его можем не произносить, он выпадает.

Для полного понятия посмотрите видео по ссылке:

https://yandex.ru/video/preview?text=%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85%20%D0%B2%20%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%20%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B5%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B&path=wizard&parent-reqid=1603687304999504-198975618211943142600113-production-app-host-man-web-yp-148&wiz_type=vital&filmId=5757470628175184296

Задание 2. Степени сравнения прилагательных.

Повторите грамматику на заданную тему. Выполните упражнения 1-2 в тетради.

Упражнение 1.

Образуйте сравнительную и превосходную степень следующих прилагательных. Не забудьте употреблять определенный артикль перед превосходной степенью прилагательных.

Hot, long, short, clever, silly, great, red, black, white, thin, thick, fat, nice, warm, cold, merry, small, tall, high, weak, strong, heavy, light, green, dry, clean, dirty, wide, deep, brave.

Упражнение 2.

Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму прилагательного.

1. —How do you like Smucker's Sweet Orange Marmalade, Mrs. Johnson? —I think it's (delicious). It's much (delicious) than the marmalade I usually buy. —We agree with you, Mrs. Johnson. We think Smucker's SweetOrange Marmalade is (delicious) marmalade in the world.

2. The rivers in America are much (big) than those in England.

3. The island of Great Britain is (small) than Greenland.

4. What is the name of the (high) mountain in Asia?

5. The English Channel is (wide) than the Straits of Gibraltar.

6 Russia is a very (large) country.

7. Which is (large): the United States or Canada?

8. What is the "name of the (big) port in the United States?

9. Moscow is the (large) city in Russia.

10. The London underground is the (old) in the world.

11. There is a (great) number of cars and buses in the streets of Moscow than in any other city of Russia.

12. St. Petersburg is one of the (beautiful) cities in the world.

Задание 3. Ознакомьтесь с лексикой по теме. Запишите незнакомые для вас слова.

Interests and hobbies

an amateur – любитель

a professional - профессионал

reading – чтение

writing poems – написание стихов

painting – живопись

drawing – рисование

singing – пение

dancing – танцы

travelling – путешествия

swimming – плавание

diving - дайвинг

running (jogging) – бег

doing sports – занятия спортом

doing yoga (fitness, boxing, karate.) – занятия йогой (фитнесом, боксом, карате и т.д.)

roller-skating – катание на роликах

collecting stamps (coins, dolls, cards) – коллекционирование марок (монет, кукол, карточек)

playing computer games – компьютерные игры

going to theatres (cinemas) – походы в театры (кинотеатры)

visiting museums (picture galleries) – посещение музеев (картинных галерей)

listening to music – слушать музыку

surfing the net – сидеть в интернете

blogging – ведение блогов

watching TV – смотреть телевизор

cooking – кулинария

going shopping – ходить за покупками, шопинг

taking pictures (photography) – фотографировать

doing arts and crafts – мастерить поделки

pottery – гончарное дело

doing crosswords – разгадывание кроссвордов

doing puzzles – собирать пазлы

learning foreign languages – изучение иностранных языков

fishing – рыбалка

hunting – охота

marital arts – боевые искусства

playing chess (football, tennis.) – играть в шахматы (футбол, теннис и т.д.)

playing the piano (the violin, the guitar, the cello, the saxophone, the flute) – играть на фортепиано (скрипке, гитаре, виолончели, саксофоне, флейте)

playing board games (cards) – играть в настольные игры (в карты)

riding a bike (cycling) – кататься на велосипеде

driving a car – вождение автомобиля

riding a horse – верховая езда

sailing – парусный спорт

mountain climbing – альпинизм

camping (hiking) – туристические походы

looking after pets – ухаживать за домашними питомцами

fishkeeping – разведение аквариумных рыбок

flying a kite – запускать бумажного змея

voluntary work – волонтерская работа

Задание 4. Прочитайте текст. Выполните упражнения 1-2.

Hobby Makes Your Life Much More Interesting

Our life would be hard without rest and recreation. People have quite different ideas of how to spend their free time. For some of them the only way to relax is watching TV or drinking beer. But other people use their spare time getting maximum benefit from it. If you enjoy doing some activity in your free time, than you have a hobby. A person's hobbies are not connected with his profession, but they are practiced for fun and enjoyment. A hobby gives one the opportunity of acquiring substantial skill, knowledge and experience. A hobby is a kind of self-expression and the way to understand other people and the whole world. A person's hobbies depend on his age, intelligence level, character and personal interests. What is interesting to one person can be trivial or boring to another. That's why some people prefer reading, cooking, knitting, collecting, playing a musical instrument, painting, photography, fishkeeping or playing computer games while others prefer dancing, travelling, camping or sports.

Collecting things is a very popular hobby and it may deal with almost any subject. Some people collect stamps, coins, badges, books, clocks or toys. Other people collect beer cans, key rings, stones, matchboxes, thimbles and all sorts of things. Once you've got a small collection you keep adding to it. Some people don't even remember how their

collection started but now their house is crammed full of different knick-knacks which they can't use but keep for the sake of having them. But some people collect valuable and rare things as they consider it to be a good investment of their money.

If you are active and tired of town life, if you long for changes and want to get away from civilization, than camping is for you. It is a cheap way to rest, to improve your health, to train yourself physically and to enjoy nature. Some people prefer more extreme camping when they have to survive out-of-doors, orient themselves, obtain food from the wild, build shelters and adapt themselves to extremely cold weather. They learn to overcome any obstacles and become strong and self-reliant.

Ecotourism is becoming popular and fashionable all over the world, especially with people who try to damage the environment as little as possible. Tourists visit places of natural beauty and they usually travel on foot, by bicycle or boat so that there is no pollution. They stay in local houses or hotels and eat local food. Their aim is to enjoy nature, to experience the local culture and to get unforgettable impressions without polluting and wasting or destroying natural resources. They must keep places that they visit clean and safe. The principles of eco-tourism are 'Leave nothing behind you except footprints and take nothing away except photographs' and 'Take as much care of the places that you visit as you take of your own home'. If people remember these simple rules, we will be able to save our planet and to conserve the wildlife.

Hobby plays a very important educational and psychological role, makes you stronger physically and mentally, helps you escape from reality, improve your knowledge, broaden your mind, develop your skills and gain a better understanding of how the world works.

Упражнение 1. Answer the questions

1) How does a hobby influence a person's life?

2) What kinds of hobbies do you know?

3) Why do people collect different things?

4) What is your attitude to extreme camping?

5) Why is ecotourism fashionable today?

6) What are the principles of eco-tourism?

7) Why is it important to everybody to have a hobby?

8) How do you spend your spare time?

Упражнение 2. Complete each sentence (A— H) with one of the endings (1—8):

A. If you enjoy doing some activity in your free time, than

B. A hobby gives one the opportunity of

C. A person's hobbies depend on his

D. What is interesting to one person

E. Some people collect valuable and rare things as they consider it

F. Camping is a cheap way

G. Ecotourism is popular with people who

H. A hobby plays a very important

1. age, intelligence level, character and personal interests.

2. educational and psychological role.

3. acquiring substantial skill, knowledge and experience.

4. try to damage the environment as little as possible.

5. you have a hobby.

6. can be trivial or boring to another.

7. to rest, to improve your health, to train yourself physically and to enjoy nature.

8. to be a good investment of their money.