Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin

Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin

1799-1837

Childhood of the poet

Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin was born on May 26, 1799 in Moscow, in the German Quarter. The birth of the future genius fell on the Ascension Day. In addition, on the same day, the granddaughter of Emperor Paul was born, so the birth of Alexander Pushkin was marked by general rejoicing and public festivities.

Nadezhda Osipovna Pushkina

Nadezhda Osipovna Pushkina is the mother of the poet Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. She was born on March 17, 1775 in the village of Suida in the St. Petersburg province. Her maiden name was Gannibal. Nadezhda Osipovna is the daughter of the military figure Osip Gannibal. In 1796, Nadezhda Osipovna married Sergei Lvovich Pushkin. They had 8 children, of whom only 4 survived: Olga, Alexander, Nikolai, Lev. The parents had a cool relationship with the future poet, as he was a mischievous and restless person, which greatly upset his mother. Her favorite was her son Lev, who was the youngest in the family. Nadezhda Osipovna died in 1836, a year before the tragic death of the poet.

Sergei Lvovich Pushkin

Alexander's father was a very gentle, even weak-willed person. He did not know how to deal with adversity. But Sergei Lvovich devoted a lot of time to educating his children and introducing them to culture. This was expressed by the selection of a fairly large number of teachers and tutors. The father himself rarely read anything to his children or taught them anything. As the poet himself wrote about his father: "My father was never cruel." If we generalize the relationship between Alexander Sergeevich and his parents, we can say in the words of Annenkov: "The character of the child Alexander was so little like what they could expect from their family."

Children of the Pushkin family

There were three children in the Pushkin family. The eldest was Olga, the second was Alexander and the youngest was Lyovushka, the family's favorite.

Little Pushkin was instilled with a love for his native language by his grandmother, Maria Alekseevna Gannibal, who spoke excellent Russian, and his nanny Arina Rodionovna.​

"Russia's Faithful Son..."

1819 - Pushkin joins the literary and theatrical society "Green Lamp". The society is led by the "Union of Welfare". At the same time, the poet is friends with many members of the Decembrist societies; however, he himself does not take part in the activities of secret organizations. He writes the poems "To Chaadaev", "Liberty". Works on the poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila". Spends some time in Mikhailovskoye, recovering from a serious illness. May 1820 - the poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila" is published. His political poems are distributed throughout the capital. Emperor Alexander I concluded: "Pushkin must be exiled to Siberia: he has flooded Russia with outrageous poems; all the youth recite them by heart." Pushkin is indeed almost exiled to Siberia, but, thanks to the efforts of N.M. Karamzin, P. Ya. Chaadaev and other friends, Alexander Sergeevich is sent not to a settlement, but to the city of Yekaterinoslav, as part of a service transfer.

Marriage with N. Goncharova

Marriage with N. Goncharova

Late 1825 - early 1826 - the fifth and sixth chapters of "Eugene Onegin" are completed. During this period, the poem "The Prophet" is written. 1828 - the beginning of the Turkish campaign. Pushkin is eager to go to war, but is refused. He is also not allowed to go abroad. May 1829 - Pushkin leaves for the Caucasus. He travels along the Georgian Military Road, observes the actions of the Russian troops who captured the fortress of Arzrum. In the same year, the autobiographical work "Journey to Arzrum" is published. 1830 - Alexander Sergeevich asks for Natalia Goncharova's hand in marriage for the second time. This time she accepts the proposal. Their engagement took place on May 6. Autumn 1830 - Pushkin is going to Boldino, his father's estate in Nizhny Novgorod. As a wedding gift, Pushkin was offered the village of Kistenevo in the Nizhny Novgorod province with 200 peasants, and the poet intended to take over the rights of the owner. But due to the cholera epidemic in Moscow and strict quarantine, Alexander Sergeevich had to stay in Boldino for three months - from September 7 to December 2. This period is known as the Boldino autumn. Trying to drive away the gloomy thoughts about his bride and friends left in Moscow, Pushkin worked a lot. During the months spent in Boldino, from under his pen came "The Tales of the Late Ivan Petrovich Belkin", "Little Tragedies", the last chapters of "Eugene Onegin", more than 25 poems - and this is far from a complete list. February 18, 1831 - Pushkin and Natalia Goncharova are married in Moscow, in the Church of the Ascension of the Lord. In the spring, the Pushkin couple in St. Petersburg.

Duel and death of the poet

January 27, 1837 - at 5 o'clock in the evening on the Black River there was a duel with Baron Dantes, who insulted the poet, which ended with the poet being fatally wounded.

On January 29, 1837, Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin died in his apartment on the Moika. By order of the emperor, the body was secretly removed from St. Petersburg. The poet was buried in the Assumption Monastery, near the altar wall of the cathedral