Брошюра по теме "Degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs"

State professional educational institution

«Vorkuta polytecnical school»

Degrees of comparison of

adjectives and adverbs

(Степени сравнения прилагательных

и наречий)

Degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs

(Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий)

EXERCISES

1. Read and translate:

1. – How shall we travel? By car or by train? – Let’s go by car. It’s cheaper. Don’t go by train. It’s more expensive.

2. It’s cheaper to go by car than by train.

3. Going by train is more expensive than going by car.

4. You’re older than me.

5. The exam was quite easy – easier than we expected.

6. Can you walk a bit faster?

7. I’d like to have a bigger car.

8. Last night I went to bed earlier than usual.

9. It’s too noisy here. Can we go somewhere quieter/ more quiet?

10. You’re more patient than me.

11. Can you walk a bit more slowly?

12. I’d like to have a more reliable car.

13. I don’t play tennis much these days. I used to play more often.

14. I know him well – probably better than anybody else.

15. – Is your headache better? – No, it’s worse.

16. He did very badly in the exam – worse than expected.

17. It’s a long walk from here to the station – farther than I thought.

18. Let me know if you hear any further news.

2. Complete the sentences:

1. This coffee is very weak. I like it a bit (strong) __________________.

2. The hotel was surprisingly big. I expected it to be (small) __________.

3. The weather is too cold in this country. I’d like to live somewhere (warm) _________.

4. My job is a bit boring sometimes. I’d like to do something (interesting) _______________.

5. I was surprised how easy it was to use the computer. I thought it would be (difficult) _______________________________________.

6. Your work isn’t very good. I’m sure you can do (good) ____________.

7. Don’t worry. The situation isn’t so bad. It could be (bad) __________.

8. I was surprised we got here so quickly. I expected the journey to take (long) __________.

9. You’re talking very loudly. Can you speak a bit (quite) _________?

10. You hardly ever phone me. Why don’t you phone me (often) _______?

11. You’re standing too near the camera. Can you move a bit (far) _____?

12. You were a bit depressed yesterday but you look (cheerful) ____today.

3. Read the situation and complete the sentences.

1. Yesterday the temperature was 9 degrees. Today it’s only 6 degrees. So it’s colder today than it was yesterday.

2. The journey takes 4 hours by car and 5 hours by train.

So it takes________________________________________________

1. Dave and I went for a run. I ran 10 kilometres. Dave stopped after 8 kilometres.

So I ran__________________________________________________

1. Chris and Joe did badly in the exam. Chris got 20% but Joe only got 15%.

So Joe did ________________________________________________________

1. I expected my friends to arrive at about 4 o’clock. In fact they arrived at 2.30.

So my friends _________________________________________________________

1. You can go by bus or by train. The buses run every 30 minutes. The trains run every hour.

So the buses _________________________________________________________

1. We were very busy at work today. We’re not usually as busy as that.

So we____________________________________________________

Degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs

Особенности сравнительной и превосходной степеней прилагательных и наречий.

1. Most также употребляется в значениях «крайне», «весьма» и «большинство»:

Ex: This is a most interesting book. – Это весьма интересная книга.

These are most interesting books. – Это крайне интересные книги.

Most of my students learn English. - Большинство моих студентов изучают английский язык.

Most of all I like being alone at home and listening to the sweet melody as if nothing bad could ever happen. – Больше всего я люблю быть один дома и слушать приятную мелодию, словно ничего плохого случиться и не может.

1. «Меньше» и «больше» на английском языке:

Ex: I have less time than you. – My flat is smaller than yours.

I have more time than you. – my flat is larger than yours.

1. Сравнительные конструкции:

1. as …as Ex: I’m sorry, I’m late. I got here as fast as could

Let’s walk. It’s just as quick as taking the bus.

1. the same as Ex: Ann’s salary is the same as mine.

Tom is the same age as George.

1. not so … as; not as … as Ex: Jack isn’t as old as he looks.

Henry isn’t so rich as Joe.

His car is four times as expensive as mine.

1. The + срав. ст. … the + срав. ст.

The more you study, the more you know;

The more you know, the more you forget;

The more you forget; the less you know;

The less you know, the more you forget;

The less you forget, the more you know.

Why study then?

Ex: - I paid for the book half as much as for the dictionary (Я заплатил за книгу в 2 раза меньше, чем за словарь).

- I have half as many English books as Russian (У меня в 2 раза меньше английских книг, чем русских).

- He is half my age (Он в 2 раза моложе меня).

- My trunk is half the weight of yours.

1. Усиление сравнительной степени при помощи

much more

many more

by far - в значении «гораздо», «наиболее», «значительно»

- The Dnieper is much longer than the Thames.

- This book is far better than that one.

- He has much more free time than I have.

- I have many more books than he has.

1. Некоторые сочетания:

• less pleasant – менее приятный

• the least pleasant – наименее приятный (самый неприятный)

• much larger – гораздо больше

• far more difficult – гораздо труднее

• still smaller – ещё меньше

• still more difficult – ещё труднее

• even cheaper – даже ещё дешевле

• even more difficult – даже ещё труднее

• by far the hottest – безусловно самый горячий

• by far the more difficult – безусловно самый трудный

• the cheapest thing possible – самая дешёвая вещь, которая только возможна

• the most difficult task imaginable – самое трудное задание, которое только можно представить (вообразить)

1. Устойчивые словосочетания:

• a change for the better (for the worse) – перемена к лучшему (к худшему) “There seems to be a change for the better in you”

• none the less – тем не менее; всё же “None the less she was inexorable”

• so much the better (the worse) – тем лучше (хуже) “If he doesn’t study, so much the worse for him”

• if the worst comes to the worst – в худшем случае “If the worst comes to the worst I can always go back home”

• to go from bad to worse – становиться всё хуже и хуже “Things went from bad to worse in family”

• as best – в полную меру старания, как только можно “He made a living as best he could”, “I did all my best”, “She has done her best”

• at (the) best – в лучшем случае “At best she can stay with us for two days”

Degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs

Practice

1. Translate into Russian

1. Could you speak a bit more slowly?

2. This bag is slightly heavier than that one.

3. Her illness was far more serious than we thought at first.

4. I’ve waited long enough. I’m not waiting any longer.

5. We expected their house to be very big but it’s not bigger than ours.

6. Yesterday you said you felt ill. Do you feel any better today?

7. This hotel is better than the other one and it’s no more expensive.

8. It’s becoming harder and harder to find a job.

9. It’s becoming more and more difficult to find a good job.

10. Your English is improving. It’s getting better and better.

11. These days more and more people are learning English.

12. “What time shall we leave?” “The sooner the better”.

13. “What sort of box do you want? A big one?” “Yes, the bigger the better”.

14. When you’re travelling, the fewer luggages you have to carry the better (it is best to have as little luggage as possible).

15. The warmer the weather the better I feel.

16. The sooner we leave, the sooner we will arrive.

17. The more electricity you use, the higher your bill will be.

18. My elder brother is a pilot.

19. My brother is older than me.

20. I don’t know as many people as you do.

21. The weather is better today, isn’t it?

22. It’s not warm, but it’s not so cold as yesterday.

23. I spent less money than you.

24. There’s plenty of food. You can have as much as you like.

25. Can you send me the money as soon as possible, please?

26. Petrol is twice as expensive as it was a few years ago.

27. Their house is about three times as big as ours.

28. He is not as clever as her.

29. You are taller than I am.

30. I can’t run as fast as he can.

31. That church is the oldest building in the town.

32. My eldest son is 13.

33. What was the happiest day of your life?

34. What’s the best film you’ve ever seen?

35. That’s the most patient person I’ve ever seen.

36. He’s a very dangerous criminal. He is one of the most dangerous criminals in the country.

37. We stayed at the cheapest hotel in the town.

38. She is a really nice person – one of the nicest people I know.

39. Why does he always come to see me at the worst possible moment?

40. Yesterday was the hottest day of the year.

1. Translate into English

1. Это более тёплое пальто.

2. Какая самая смешная телевизионная программа?

3. Это были самые счастливые дни в её жизни.

4. Это очень лёгкая задача. Дайте мне более трудную задачу.

5. Мой друг – самый энергичный человек на свете.

6. Английский язык такой же трудный, как и немецкий.

7. Сегодня вода в реке не такая тёплая, как вчера.

8. В прошлом году август был такой же жаркий, как июль.

9. Он такой же сильный, как его брат.

10. Эти люди более приятные и вежливые, чем те.

11. Это самый красивый вид (view), который я когда-либо видел.

12. Кто самый младший ученик в вашей группе?

13. Сегодня он чувствует себя гораздо лучше.

14. Возьми эти конфеты: они очень вкусные.

15. С каждым днём воздух становится холоднее.

16. У неё тоже зелёные глаза. Но мои глаза более зелёные, чем её.

17. У него больше друзей, чем у его брата.

18. Какой самый жаркий месяц в году?

19. Он, пожалуй, самый занятой человек в мире.

20. Чем больше ты читаешь, тем больше ты узнаёшь.

21. Какое самое красивое место в этом городе?

22. Наши дела важнее ваших.

23. Он лучший студент в группе.

24. Эта комната не такая теплая и светлая, как та.

25. Сегодня холоднее и идёт дождь.

26. Эта работа легче той.

27. Он не такой умный, как его отец.

28. Ольга того же возраста, что и Анна.

29. Санкт Петербург – один из самых красивых городов России.

30. Это задание легче, чем то?