Эталоны по английскому языку

Местоимения

Форма глагола

Сокращенная форма

Отрицание

I

am

I'm

I'm not

He

is

He's

He isn't

She

is

She's

She isn't

It

is

It's

It isn't

We

are

We're

We aren't

You

are

You're

You aren't

They

are

They're

They aren't

+

-

?

Answer

I am a pupil.

I'm not a pupil.

Am I a pupil?

Yes, I am.

No, I'm not.

He is clever.

He isn't clever.

Is he clever?

Yes, he is.

No, he isn't.

She is nice.

She isn't nice.

Is she nice?

Yes, she is.

No, she isn't.

It is funny.

It isn't funny.

Is it funny?

Yes, it is.

No, it isn't.

They are smart.

They aren't smart.

Are they smart?

Yes, they are.

No, they aren't.

+

I

V1

He

Vs (es)

You

She

We

It

They

You play tennis.

She plays tennis.

-

I

don't V1

He

doesn't V1

You

She

We

It

They

You don't play tennis.

She doesn't play tennis.

?

Do

I

V1 …?

Does

he

V1 …?

you

she

we

it

they

Do you play tennis?

Does she play tennis?

V+s (в большинстве случаев)

Helps, cooks, thinks

если перед y стоит согласная буква

to cry – cries

to study - studies

y не изменяется, если перед y стоит гласная буква

to play – plays

V+es, если глагол заканчивается на:

ch, sh, s, o

to watch — watches

to wash – washes

to dress – dresses

to go - goes

Present Simple

Present Continuous

Past Simple

always - всегда

Now - сейчас

last year (month, week)

sometimes - иногда

at the moment — в данный момент

5 days ago – 5 дней назад

often - часто

Look! - Посмотри!

yesterday - вчера

seldom - редко

Listen! - Послушай!

При указание даты:

in 1987

usually - обычно

never - никогда

every (day, week, month, year) — каждый...

Местоимения

Форма глагола

Отрицание

Вопрос

I

was

I wasn't

Was I …?

He

was

He wasn't

Was he...?

She

was

She wasn't

Was she …?

It

was

It wasn't

Was it ...?

We

were

We weren't

Were we...?

You

were

You weren't

Were you...?

They

were

They weren't

Were they..?

+

-

?

I

V+ed/2.

I

didn't V1.

Did

I

V1 ….?

He

He

He

She

She

She

It

It

It

We

We

We

You

You

You

They

They

They

He played football.

He went to school.

He didn't play football.

He didn't go to school.

Did he play football? Yes. He did.

Did he go to school? No, he didn't.

Большинство правильных глаголов

+ed

looked, cooked, walked

played

Правильные глаголы, заканчивающиеся на e

+d

lived

died

danced

Правильные глаголы, заканчивающиеся на: согл.+y

ied

cry-cried,

try-tried, study-studied

Прав.гл., заканчивающиеся на:

согл.+гл.+согл.

Удвоение последнего согласного+ed

Stopped

travelled

skipped

Неправильные глаголы.

изменяются

Go-went

write-wrote

Личные

Притяжательные

Чей? Чья?

Притяжательные в абсолютной форме

(заменяет существительное)

В объектном падеже

кому? Кого?

Кем? о ком?

с кем?

Я - I

My - мой

Mine - мой

Me — мне/меня

Ты - You

Your - твой

Yours -твой

You — тебе/тебя

Он - He

His - его

His - его

Him — ему/его

Она - She

Her - ее

Hers - ее

Her — ей/ее

Оно - It

Its - его/ее

Its – его/ее

It — это(его/ее)

Мы - We

Our - наш

Ours - наш

Us — нам/нас

Вы - You

Your - ваш

Yours - ваш

You — вам/вас

Они - They

Their - их

Theirs - их

Them — им/их

This is my book.

This is mine.

He invited me to the party.

N+s (в большинстве случаев)

a dog – dogs

a table - tables

Исключения!

если перед y стоит согласная буква, y заменяется на i +es

a baby – babies

a family - families

a child – children

a man – men

a woman – women

a person – people

a tooth – teeth

a foot – feet

a goose – geese

a sheep – sheep

a deer – deer

a fish - fish

an ox – oxen

a mouse - mice

y не изменяется, если перед y стоит гласная буква

a day – days

a boy - boys

f заменяется на v + es

A wolf – wolves

a wife – wives

Но: a roof - roofs

N+es, если сущ. заканчивается на:

ch, sh, s, o, x

a watch — watches

a dish – dishes

a dress – dresses

a bus – buses

a box - boxes

a potato – potatoes

Но: a photo – photos,

a piano - pianos