«История английского чая»

Исследовательская работа

на тему: «История английского чая»

Работу выполнили

ученица 7 класса Тиярова Виктория

Руководитель: учитель английского языка

Болотских Екатерина Сергеевна

Воронеж, 2018

Аnnotation

The purpose of this work is to study the history of the tea drink, as well as the tradition of tea drinking in Britain.    

Object of study: tea drink.

  Гипотеза исследования:

Research problem

• To study the literature on the subject of research;

• Learn how to work with methodical materials;

• To be able to generalize the data.

In work methods were used:

• historical

• pictorial

• descriptive

The relevance of our chosen theme is due to the fact that wherever there is tea, he for a few years replaced the traditional drinks of most peoples of the world, and that the most amazing, still remains a typical traditional drink of great Britain.

The presented material allows a more in-depth study of the customs and traditions of tea in the UK.

Introduction

It is difficult to imagine life without tea, which gives vivacity in the morning, restores strength after a hard day's work and warms a friendly conversation.

Tea is an ancient and noble drink, which also has healing properties. So in ancient Chinese myths the tea leaf acted as an independent drug.

Tea Bush-an amazing plant that contains a lot of different substances that have a beneficial effect on the human body. It is a very low shrub (only 1 meter) with dark green dense leaves, but only thin and delicate young leaves are used for making tea. Cost of tea to appear in any country as it is in a few years he conquered it entirely. And the procedure of tea drinking acquired a kind of tradition and became a" calling card " of the people.

Tea-a drink that does not tolerate the hustle and bustle, and benefit from it can only be fully given to this process for at least half an hour.

History of tea in England.

We all know about the English love of tea. Seems, that tea the British drinking always. But no. Known around the world tea time (tea time) only in the XIX century became an integral part of the lives of many Englishmen. Before the British began to drink tea in the afternoon, they ate only twice a day: Breakfast-beer, bread and meat. Lunch for the upper and middle classes was moved to a later time, that is, moved to dinner. Most likely for the first time tea got to England from France. As it became known from the correspondence of Madame Sevigne, the first tea arrived in Paris in 1636 (22 years before in England) and quickly became popular among the aristocracy. During the reign of Queen Elizabeth (1533-1603) trade routes were created and trade relations with the countries of the Far East, Southeast Asia and India were established. At this time began an active trade in spices, cotton, silk, but the tea trade due to political and other factors have not yet been. It was not until 1662,

In the early 18th century tea was sold in London in more than 500 cafes. Tea drinking became even more popular after Queen Anne (1665-1714 gg) preferred tea to beer for Breakfast. By this time, England had become the center of world tea trade, despite the fact that the tax on imported tea was five times higher than the cost of the tea. At this time, the following terminology was widely used:

«High tea» -tea, which is served during dinner at the middle class.

«Low tea» - tea party with light snacks in a more refined society.

«Five-o-clock tea» - afternoon tea with snacks, the Creator which can be considered the Anna-Maria Stanhope (1783-1857.g.), known as the Duchess of Bedford. It was the first time she began to invite friends to drink tea between lunch and dinner. With tea we were served a variety of baked goods, cakes, candies, sandwiches. The practice of inviting friends in the afternoon for tea was quickly picked up by other Housewives and entrenched in England for many years.

Traditions of English tea drinking.

England is famous for its traditions, as perhaps no other European country. Tea accompanies the Englishman throughout his life. It is difficult to find such a house or office, wherever there is tea.

For the first time acquainted with the new drink, the British found that it is the best fit their character. They believe that with the help of tea you can perfectly plan and organize your time. An ordinary Englishman drinks tea up to seven times a day: under any circumstances, important and not so, in solemn occasions and during a relaxed friendly conversation.

So, let's try to describe the traditional English tea party.

• The table is covered with tablecloth, usually white or bluish shades

• Wipes according to the rules should be in the tone of the tablecloth.

• On the table should stand a small vase with fresh flowers.

• Set for tea-table includes:

tea couple, dessert plate, teaspoon, fork and knife for each guest, kettle, jug with boiling water, milkman with milk or cream, strainer with stand, as well as sugar bowl with raffinade and tongs.

• It is very important that all dishes were from one set, usually porcelain. It is interesting to note that in contrast to the Russian "pot-bellied" cups and teapots, English tea-ware is dominated by elongated.

• Milk is an indispensable participant of tea drinking in English.

• Typical English snacks for tea is the traditional cakes, thin triangular sandwiches and other sweets.

Concluding the story about the traditions of tea drinking in England, I would like to note that, despite the modern pace of life, without a Cup of excellent tea in the wet cold England can not do.

How to choose the right tea:

• The first rule: First of all, the tea must be Indian or Ceylon.

• The second rule: Tea should be brewed little by little, that is brewed in the teapot.

• The third rule: The kettle should be pre-heated, but not rinsing, as is usually done, with hot water, and holding on the fireplace shelf.

• The fourth rule: The tea should be strong.

• The fifth rule: The tea should be put straight into the pot.

• Rule sixth: It is necessary to pour the brew in boiling water, not Vice versa.

• Rule the seventh: Having brewed tea, it should be prevented, and even better how to shake the teapot, then giving the teapots to settle down.

• Rule eighth: Drinking tea should be of high Cup of cylindrical form, not flat and shallow.

Сonclusion

During the study of various sources of information, we have discovered many interesting facts from the history of the emergence of tea in Britain .We also conducted a survey and interviewed 73 students from our school:

Из диаграммы следует: 72 человека любят пить чай. 1 не любит.

Результат оказался таким :

Черный чай пьют – 58, зеленый – 5 человек, с травами – 2, с фруктами - 5, другой -2 и вообще чай не пьют - 1

In conclusion, we can draw the following conclusions:

• The tea plant, but because of how the drink came to Britain from China and Ceylon.

• Tea is an integral part of the national culture for several centuries.

• In the UK, there are tea traditions and ceremonies, for example, in Britain like milk tea, which is called tea in English.

• English tea party, like any ceremony, does not tolerate fuss. Everything here is designed to the maximum of pleasant sensations – from the exquisite taste of tea to communication in a pleasant company.

• In Britain alone, tea is a separate meal.

• Only the British believe that after drinking a Cup of black tea, you will get rid of the "evil eye".

We really enjoyed working on this topic, and we believe that the progress goal has been met. We studied the tea traditions of the country, studied the appearance and history of tea.

We believe that this topic is very relevant, because tea in one form or another is the main drink not only in our country, but throughout the world.

Источники информации:

• Иофина И О. «Чай и кофе: Секреты выбора, покупки и употребления», 2005.

• Иванова Ю.А. Все о Великобритании / Ю.А. Иванова, А.В. Коробов / 2007.

• Похлебкин В.В. «Чай: его типы, свойства, употребление», 2001

• Khimunina T., Konon N. «Customs, traditions and festivals of Great Britain», Ленинград, «Просвещение»,1975 г.

• Зарубежная литература, Москва, «Просвещение», 1975 г.

• Семенов В.М. , «Приглашение к чаю»

• «Кирилл и Мефодий», «Энциклопедия этикета».

• Английский портал «AHMAD TEA» http://www.ahmadtea.ua

• http://www.britain4russians.net/show.php?n=http://www.countrysideliving.net/

• http://englishforyou49.narod.ru/engpages/culture/engTea.html

• http://tea-ok.ru/pages/istorija%20chaja%20v%20anglii.php

• http://agromania.ru/

• www.tea.ru