Презентация к уроку английского языка "Halloween"

Презентация к уроку английского языка на тему «Halloween».

Подготовила

Учеватова Валерия Владимировна Учитель английского языка МОУ Лучинская СОШ

Адрес школы: 143502, г.Истра-2, с. Лучинское, ул. Железнодорожная, д.72

Пояснительная записка.

• Данная презентация предназначена для проведения урока страноведения на английском языке.
• Цель данной презентации – познакомить учащихся с культурой и обычаями одной из англоговорящих стран.

Halloween

Prepared by Uchevatova V.V.

Halloween is not just about dressing up in costumes and asking for candy! It's a holiday steeped in folklore and customs. From carving pumpkins to trick or treating, each ghoulish tradition has its own fascinating tale.

History of Halloween.

The Origins of Halloween

Although it only became popular in America in the early 1900's, Halloween dates back almost 2,000 years when it marked the Celtic New Year.  Originally known as Samhain, which means "summer's end" in Gaelic, many Halloween customs and traditions have roots in pagan beliefs and Irish folklore.

These customs became popular in America when many Irish fled their country to escape the potato famine of 1846.

Jack o' Lanterns

The meaning behind Jack o' Lanterns is a rather tragic tale. As the story goes, a drunken farmer named Stingy Jack was turned away from both heaven and hell. As Jack wandered the darkness of purgatory, he made a lantern out of a carved out turnip and a lump of coal to help light the way and guide his lost soul.

The Celtics believed that placing Jack o' Lanterns outside helped guide lost souls home as they wandered the streets during Samhain. The scary carved faced on each also served to scare evil spirits away. When the potato famine forced many families to flee to America they began using pumpkins as a substitute since they were much easier to come by.

Trick-or-Treating in Costumes

Since Samhain marked the end of the old year and the beginning of the new one, the Celtics believed the past and the present were closely linked during this time, allowing the lines between the living and dead to be blurred and the spirits of the deceased to mingle with the living.

They believed that visiting ghosts would disguise themselves in human form and knock on doors asking for money or food. If they were turned away empty-handed, the homeowner risked angering the spirit and being cursed or haunted.

Another Celtic myth was that dressing up as a ghoul or ghost would fool any evil spirits so that the spirits would not try to take their soul.

Bonfires

The word "bonfire," derived from the words bone and fire, means "fire of bones" and refers to the huge sacred fires Druids (Celtic priests) would build to commemorate Samhain.

During this time, the pagans would extinguish their hearth fires and gather around the sacred fire to burn crops and animals bones as sacrifices to the gods.

Additionally, the sacred bonfires were thought to scare away any evil spirits visiting.

Celtic folklore dates witches at Halloween back to the pagan goddess known as "the crone" (also "the old one" or "Earth mother") who was honored during Samhain and symbolized wisdom and the changing of the season.

Witches also became known as "evil" by the Christian faith, who believed talented and intelligent women were receiving their knowledge and power from something other than God.

Witches in Christian folklore were ugly because evil was ugly, and typical symbols of witchcraft (brooms, cauldrons, and cats) were associated with the home and women's work.

Witches and Cauldrons

Bats and Spiders

Bats and spiders were also thought to be witches' and ghosts' "familiars." Folklore claims that if a bat was seen flying around a house three times, someone inside was going to die. And if a bat flew into your house on Halloween, it meant that a ghost had let it in, and the house was haunted.

As the story goes, too, if a spider falls into a candle-lit lamp and is consumed by the flame, a witch is nearby!

Orange and Black

These colors were used by the pagans as they celebrated harvest. Orange symbolized the vibrant colors of their crops, while black stood for the death of summer.

That is it!