Монгольское нашествие (XIII век).

ǺȜțȑȜșȩ

ŪƌƋƁƌƉƆƝ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ XI Ȩ XII ƀƀ ꢁ

ǩ ꢀ ;,²;,, ꢀ ȉȉ ꢁꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔȇ ꢀ ȕȈȏșȇȒȏ ꢀꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȘșȌȖȦȜ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȕȐ ꢀ ȞȇȘșȏ ꢀ ȘȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȕȐ ꢀ dzȕȔȊȕȒȏȏ ꢁꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȈȇȘȘȌȐȔȇȜ ꢀ ȗȌȑ ꢀꢀ

DZȌȗȚȒȌȔ ȏ ꢀ ǵȔȕȔ ꢂꢀ ǯȜ ꢀ ȘȕȘȌȋȦȓȏ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȎȇȖȇȋȇ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȑȤȗȤȏșȢ ꢁꢀ Ș ꢀ ȘȌȉȌȗȇ ꢀꢃ ȉ ꢀ ǮȇȈȇȐȑȇȒȣȌ ꢄꢀ ² ȓȌȗȑȏșȢ ꢁꢀ Ș ꢀ ȥȊȇ ꢀ ² șȇșȇȗȢ .

ǹȏȖȏȞȔȢȐ ꢀ

ȒȇȔȋȟȇțș

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȐ ꢀ

ȘșȌȖȏ ꢁ

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȇȦ ꢀ

țȕșȕȊȗȇțȏȦ ꢂ

dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȋȍȌȐȗȇȔ ꢁ

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȇȦ ꢀ

țȕșȕȊȗȇțȏȦ ꢂ

dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ȑȚȒȇȔȢ ꢁ

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȇȦ ꢀ

țȕșȕȊȗȇțȏȦ ꢂ

ŬſƎžƅ ꢀ ƄƆƅƋƆ ꢀ ƊƌƋƁƌƉƌƀ

ǵȘȔȕȉȔȢȌ ꢀ ȎȇȔȦșȏȦ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȕȉ ꢀ ² ȑȕȞȌȉȕȌ ꢀ ȘȑȕșȕȉȕȋȘșȉȕ ȏ ꢀ ȕȜȕșȇ .

dzȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȗȇȎȉȕȋȏȒȏ ꢀ ȒȕȟȇȋȌȐ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȕȉȌȝ ꢂꢀ ǭȏȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȗȇȎȈȕȗȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȉȕȐȒȕȞȔȢȜ ꢀ ȥȗșȇȜ ȏ ꢀ ȑȏȈȏșȑȇȜ .

ǵȘȔȕȉȔȇȦ ꢀ ȖȏȠȇ ² ȓȦȘȕ ꢁꢀ ȕȉȌȞȏȐ ꢀ ȘȢȗ ꢁꢀ ȑȚȓȢȘ ꢀꢃ ȑȕȈȢȒȣȌ ꢀ ȓȕȒȕȑȕ ꢄꢂꢀ

ǪȒȇȉȔȢȓ ꢀ ȈȕȊȇșȘșȉȕȓ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȕȉ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ Șȑȕș ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȇȘșȈȏȠȇ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ

ȕȈȗȇȈȇșȢȉȇȌȓȇȦ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȦ ꢁꢀ ȑȇȑ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȕȘȌȋȒȢȜ ꢀ Ȕȇȗȕȋȕȉ ꢂ

dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȥȗșȇ ꢁꢀ

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ ꢂ

ǩȕȕȗȚȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȔȇȗȦȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȒȚȞȔȏȑȇ ꢁꢀ

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ ꢂ

dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȏȌ ꢀ Ȓȕȟȇȋȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȖȇȘșȈȏȠȌ ꢁꢀ ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȇȦ ꢀ țȕșȕȊȗȇțȏȦ ꢂꢀ

ŪƌƋƁƌƉƆƝ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ XI Ȩ XII ƀƀ ꢁ

DZȇȍȋȢȐ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȖȇȘșȚȜȕȓ ꢁꢀ

ȕȜȕșȔȏȑȕȓ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉȕȏȔȕȓ ꢁꢀ Ș ꢀ șȗȌȜ ꢀ ȒȌș ꢀ

ȌȎȋȏȒ ꢀ ȉȌȗȜȕȓ ꢁꢀ Ș ꢀ ꢀꢁꢂ ȒȌș ꢂ ȉȒȇȋȌȒ ꢀ

ȒȚȑȕȓ ꢁꢀ ȑȕȖȣȌȓ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȇȗȑȇȔȕȓ ꢂ

dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȕȈȠȌȘșȉȕ ꢀ

ȋȌȒȏȒȕȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȗȕȋȢ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȈȕȒȣȟȏȌ ꢀ

ȘȌȓȣȏ ꢂ

ǮȌȓȒȦ ꢀꢃ ȖȇȘșȈȏȠȇ ꢄꢀ ȔȇȜȕȋȏȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȕȈȠȌȐ ꢀ ȗȕȋȕȉȕȐ ȘȕȈȘșȉȌȔȔȕȘșȏ ꢁꢀ

Șȑȕș ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȕȌ ꢀ ȏȓȚȠȌȘșȉȕ ꢀ ² ȉ ꢀ

ȘȌȓȌȐȔȕȐ ȘȕȈȘșȉȌȔȔȕȘșȏ ꢂꢀ

ǸȌȓȌȐȔȢȓ ꢀ ȏȓȚȠȌȘșȉȕȓ ꢀ

ȈȌȎȗȇȎȋȌȒȣȔȕ ꢀ ȗȇȘȖȕȗȦȍȇȒȘȦ ꢀ

ȊȒȇȉȇ ꢀ ȘȌȓȣȏ ꢂ

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȕȜȕșȔȏȑ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȈȌȗȑȚșȕȓ ꢁꢀ ǻȕșȕȊȗȇțȏȦ ꢂꢀ

űƏƌſƆƔƙ ꢀ ƊƃƄƂƑ ꢀ ƊƌƋƁƌƉžƊƆ

ǩȕ ꢀ ȊȒȇȉȌ ꢀ ȗȕȋȕȉ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȈȕȒȣȟȏȜ ꢀ ȘȌȓȌȐ ꢀ ȘșȕȦȒȏ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȘșȇȉȏșȌȒȏ ꢀ ȎȔȇșȏ ꢅꢀ ȔȕȐȕȔȢ ȏ ꢀ ȈȇȊȇșȚȗȢ .

ǯȜ ꢀ ȕȑȗȚȍȇȒȏ ꢀ ȔȚȑȌȗȢ ꢃ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȔȏȑȏ ꢄꢂꢀ

ǷȦȋȕȉȢȌ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȏȓȌȔȕȉȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȑȇȗȇ - ȞȚ ꢃ ȞȌȗȔȢȌ ꢀ Ȓȥȋȏ ꢄꢂꢀ

ǸȚȠȌȘșȉȕȉȇȒȏ ꢀ șȇȑȍȌ ꢀ ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȢȌ ꢀ Ȓȥȋȏ ꢀꢃ ȈȕȊȕȒȢ ).

ǩ ꢀ ȕȈȦȎȇȔȔȕȘșȏ ꢀ ȑȇȗȇ - ȞȚ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȈȕȊȕȒȕȉ ȉȜȕȋȏȒȏ ꢀ ȉȢȖȇȘ ꢀ

ȖȗȏȔȇȋȒȌȍȇȉȟȌȊȕ ꢀ ȎȔȇșȏ ꢀ Șȑȕșȇ ꢁꢀ ȏȎȊȕșȕȉȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȑȚȓȢȘȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉȕȐȒȕȑȇ ꢀ

ȋȒȦ ꢀ ȔȚȍȋ ꢀ ȎȔȇșȔȢȜ ꢀ ȘȌȓȌȐ ꢁꢀ ȚȞȇȘșȏȌ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȉȕȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȇȜ ꢂ

ǩ ꢀ ;,, ꢀ ȉ ꢁꢀ ȓȌȍȋȚ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȇȓȏ ꢀ

ȖȗȕȏȘȜȕȋȏȒȏ ꢀꢀ ȞȇȘșȢȌ ꢀꢀ

ȚȘȕȈȏȝȢ ȏȎ - Ȏȇ ꢀ ȖȇȘșȈȏȠ ꢁꢀ

Șȑȕșȇ ꢁꢀ ȘȌȓȌȐȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȕșȔȕȟȌȔȏȐ ꢁꢀ ȈȕȗȣȈȢ ꢀ

ȔȕȐȕȔȕȉ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȉȒȇȘșȣ ꢂ

ȅȗșȇ ꢀ ȈȕȊȇșȕȊȕ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȇ ꢁꢀ

ǸȗȇȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȑȕȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȒȚȞȔȏȑȕȉ ꢁꢀ

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ ꢂ

ǸȗȌȋȔȌȉȌȑȕȉȢȐ ꢀ ȑȏșȇȐȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ

ŰƃƊƑƕƆƋ ꢂ ŵƆƋƁƆƏƓžƋ ꢃ

ǩ ꢀ ȜȕȋȌ ꢀ ȚȘȕȈȏȝ ꢀ ȉȢȋȉȏȔȚȒȘȦ ꢀ Ȗȕșȕȓȕȑ ꢀ ȎȔȇșȔȕȊȕ ꢀ ȗȕȋȇ ꢀ ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔ ( ȕȑ . 1162 ²

1227). ǵșȌȝ ꢀ ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔȇ ǬȘȚȊȤȐ - ȈȇȊȇșȚȗ ȉ ꢀꢂꢂꢃꢂꢀ Ȋ ꢂꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȕșȗȇȉȒȌȔ ꢀ ȋȇȉȔȏȓȏ ꢀ

ȉȗȇȊȇȓȏ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȕȉ ꢀ ² șȇșȇȗȇȓȏ ꢂꢀ ǸȌȓȣȦ ꢀ ȋȕȒȊȕ ꢀ ȈȌȋȘșȉȕȉȇȒȇ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ Șȇȓ ꢀ ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔ

ȕȑȇȎȇȒȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȖȒȌȔȚ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȉȗȇȍȋȌȈȔȕȊȕ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȗȕȋȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȔȕȘȏȒ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȟȌȌ ꢀ

ȑȕȒȕȋȑȚ ꢂ

ǩȢȗȉȇȉȟȏȘȣ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȖȒȌȔȇ ꢁꢀ ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔ ȉȘșȚȖȏȒ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȈȕȗȣȈȚ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȉȒȇȘșȣ ꢁꢀ ȕȖȏȗȇȦȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȖȕȋȋȌȗȍȑȚ ꢀ ȖȗȌȍȔȌȊȕ ꢀ ȘȕȥȎȔȏȑȇ ꢀ ȘȉȕȌȊȕ ꢀ ȕșȝȇ ꢀ ² ȑȤȗȤȏșȘȑȕȊȕ ȜȇȔȇ ꢀ ǹȕȊȗȏȒȇ .

ǩ ꢀꢂꢂꢄꢅꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ Ș ꢀ ȖȕȓȕȠȣȥ ꢀ ǹȕȊȗȏȒȇ ȏ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȕȊȕ ꢀ ȘȕȥȎȔȏȑȇ ꢁꢀ ȉȏȋȔȕȊȕ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȉȕȍȋȦ ꢀ ǫȍȇȓȚȜȏ , ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔ ȘȕȉȌȗȟȏȒ ꢀ ȚȘȖȌȟȔȢȐ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢀ Ȗȗȕșȏȉ ꢀ ȓȌȗȑȏșȕȉ .

ǫȍȇȓȚȜȇ ȏ ꢀ ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔ ȘșȇȒȏ ꢀ ȖȕȈȗȇșȏȓȇȓȏ ꢂꢀ Ǵȕ ꢀ ȚȍȌ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢂꢂꢄꢆꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȓȌȍȋȚ ꢀ Ȕȏȓȏ ꢀ

ȖȗȕȏȎȕȟȌȒ ꢀ ȗȇȎȗȢȉ ꢂꢀ ǩȕȑȗȚȊ ꢀ ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔȇ ȘșȇȒȏ ꢀ ȘȕȈȏȗȇșȣȘȦ ꢀ ȉȢȋȌȒȏȉȟȏȌȘȦ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ

ȗȕȋȕȉ ꢀ ȉȕȏȔȢ ꢁꢀ ȒȏȞȔȕ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȇȔȔȢȌ ꢀ ȘȉȕȌȓȚ ꢀ ȉȕȍȋȥ ꢂꢀ ǩ ꢀꢂꢂꢄꢇꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȕȔȏ ꢀ ȏȎȈȗȇȒȏ ꢀ

ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔȇ ȜȇȔȕȓ ꢂꢀ

ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔ

ꢈ ǾȏȔȊȏȘȜȇȔ ꢉꢀ

(1162-1227)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȜȇȔ ꢀ dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȏȏ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢆꢇꢈꢉ - ꢆꢇꢇꢊꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ǩȘȑȕȗȌ ꢀ ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȗȇȎȈȏș ꢀ ǫȍȇȓȚȜȕȐ ȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ꢀꢁꢂ ȒȌș ꢂ ȖȕȖȇȒ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȖȒȌȔ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

ȞȍȚȗȞȍȤȔȦȓ ꢃ ȉȒȇȘșȏșȌȒȦȓ ꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗȔȕȊȕ ꢀ DZȏșȇȦ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȋȏȔȇȘșȏȏ ꢀ ǽȎȏȔȣ ).

ŰƃƊƑƕƆƋ ꢂ ŵƆƋƁƆƏƓžƋ ꢃ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢂꢊꢇꢀ Ȋ ꢁ ȞȍȚȗȞȍȤȔȏ ꢁꢀ ȕȈȌȘȖȕȑȕȌȔȔȢȌ ꢀ ȚȘȏȒȌȔȏȌȓ ꢀ șȇșȇȗ ꢁꢀ ȋȉȏȔȚȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȔȏȜ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȕȘȉȕȈȕȋȏȒȏ ꢀ

ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔȇ . ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔ ȏ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȘȕȥȎȔȏȑ ꢀ ȜȇȔ ꢀ ǹȕȊȗȏȒ ȗȇȎȊȗȕȓȏȒȏ ꢀ șȇșȇȗ ꢂꢀ Ǯȇ ꢀ Ȥșȕ ꢀ ǹȕȊȗȏȒ ȖȕȒȚȞȏȒ ꢀ ȉȢȘȕȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȑȏșȇȐȘȑȏȐ ꢀ șȏșȚȒ ꢀ ǩȇȔ - ȜȇȔȇ ꢁ

ǺȘȏȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔȇ ȕȈȌȘȖȕȑȕȏȒȕ ꢀ ȉȘȌȜ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȖȗȕșȏȉȔȏȑȕȉ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȘșȌȖȏ ꢂꢀ ǵȔȏ ꢀ

ȕȈȡȌȋȏȔȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȉȕȑȗȚȊ ꢀ ǫȍȇȓȚȜȏ .

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢋꢂꢀ Ȋ . ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔ ȏ ꢀ ǩȇȔ - ȜȇȔ ȔȇȔȌȘȒȏ ꢀ ȖȕȗȇȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȚ ꢀ ǫȍȇȓȚȜȏ . ǩ ꢀ

ꢂꢅꢋꢅꢀ Ȋ ꢁ ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔ ȉȔȕȉȣ ꢀ ȔȇȖȇȒ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ șȇșȇȗ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȒȔȕȘșȣȥ ꢀ ȉȢȗȌȎȇȒ ꢀ ȏȜ ꢂ

ǩ ꢀ șȕȓ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢀꢂꢅꢋꢅꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔ ȉ ꢀ ȘȕȥȎȌ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ǩȇȔ - ȜȇȔȕȓ ȘȕȉȌȗȟȏȒ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ǧȒșȇȐ Ȗȗȕșȏȉ ꢀ ȔȇȐȓȇȔȕȉ .

ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȤșȕȊȕ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȇ ꢀ ȕșȔȕȟȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȓȌȍȋȚ ꢀ ȘȕȥȎȔȏȑȇȓȏ ꢀ ȏȘȖȕȗșȏȒȏȘȣ ꢂꢀ

ǮȏȓȕȐ ꢀꢂꢅꢋꢅ ² ꢂꢅꢋꢌꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢀ ǩȇȔ - ȜȇȔ ȉȢȘșȚȖȏȒ ꢀ Ȗȗȕșȏȉ ꢀ ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔȇ ȉ ꢀ ȘȕȥȎȌ ꢀ Ș ꢀ

ǫȍȇȓȚȜȕȐ . ǩȌȘȔȕȐ ꢀꢂꢅꢋꢌꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔ ȉȔȌȎȇȖȔȕ ꢀ ȔȇȖȇȒ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȑȤȗȤȏșȕȉ ,

ȗȇȎȈȏȒ ꢀ ȏȜ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȋȞȏȔȏȒ ꢀ ȘȌȈȌ ꢂꢀ ǩȇȔ - ȜȇȔ ȖȕȊȏȈ ꢂ

dzȏȔȏȇșȥȗȇ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ªǸȈȕȗȔȏȑȇ ꢀ

ȒȌșȕȖȏȘȌȐ« ꢀ Ƿȇȟȏȋ - ȇȋ - ǫȏȔȇ ꢁꢀ ;,9 ꢀ ȉ ꢂ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢋꢆꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔ ȕȑȕȔȞȇșȌȒȣȔȕ ꢀ ȗȇȎȊȗȕȓȏȒ ꢀ ȔȇȐȓȇȔȕȉ , ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢋꢍꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ²

ȓȌȗȑȏșȕȉ . ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢋꢍꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȖȒȌȔȌȔ ꢀ ǫȍȇȓȚȜȇ .

ŭƎƌƀƌƅƁƉžƖƃƋƆƃ ꢀ ŪƌƋƁƌƉƚƏƈƌƇ ꢀ ƆƊƍƃƎƆƆ

ǩ ꢀ ȓȇȗșȌ ꢀꢂꢅꢋꢇꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȘȕȘșȕȦȒȘȦ ꢀ

ȑȚȗȚȒșȇȐ ꢃ ȘȡȌȎȋ ꢀ

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȎȔȇșȏ ꢄꢂꢀ

dzȇȑȘȏȓȇȒȣȔȕȌ ꢀ ȗȇȘȟȏȗȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȊȗȇȔȏȝ ꢀ dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȏȏ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ǴȕȐȕȔȢ ꢀ ȖȕȋȔȦȒȏ ꢀ ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔȇ

Ȕȇ ꢀ ȑȕȟȓȌ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȈȌȒȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȉȕȐȒȕȑȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȗȕȉȕȎȊȒȇȘȏȒȏ ꢀ

ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȕȓ ꢀꢈ ȜȇȔȕȓ ꢎꢀ

ȖȕȉȌȒȏșȌȒȌȓ ꢉꢀ ȉȘȌȜ ꢀ

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȕȉ ꢁ

ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔ ȖȗȏȔȦȒ ꢀ ȔȕȉȕȌ ꢀ ȏȓȦ ꢀ

² ǾȏȔȊȏȘȜȇȔ ꢃ Ȗȕ ꢀ ȕȋȔȕȐ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ

ȉȌȗȘȏȐ ꢀ Ȥșȕ ꢀ ȏȓȦ ꢀ ȕȎȔȇȞȇȌș ꢀ

ªȏȘșȏȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȉȒȇȘșȏșȌȒȣ« ꢄꢂꢀ

ǾȏȔȊȏȘȜȇȔ ꢁꢀ DZȏșȇȐȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ ꢀ ;,,, ꢀ ȉ ꢂ

ǾȏȔȊȏȘȜȇȔ ȕȈȡȦȉȏȒ ꢀ ȕ ꢀ

ȘȕȎȋȇȔȏȏ ꢀ ǰȌȑȌ dzȕȔȊȕȒ ꢀ

ǺȒȚȘ ꢀ ² ǩȌȒȏȑȕȐ ꢀ ȋȌȗȍȇȉȢ ꢀ

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȕȉ ꢁ

ŮƃƒƌƎƊƙ ꢀ ŵƆƋƁƆƏƓžƋž

ǸȗȇȎȚ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȏȎȈȗȇȔȏȦ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȕȓ ꢀ ǾȏȔȊȏȘȜȇȔ ȖȗȏȘșȚȖȏȒ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

ȖȗȌȕȈȗȇȎȕȉȇȔȏȥ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȕȈȠȌȘșȉȇ ꢂꢀ ǨȢȒ ꢀ ȘȕȎȋȇȔ ꢀ Șȉȕȋ ꢀ

ȀȡȚȓț

ȀȓȚțȖȘ

ȀȩȟȭȥȎ

ȀȩȟȭȥțȖȘ

ǿȜȠțȭ

ǿȜȠțȖȘ

ȎȇȑȕȔȕȉ ꢀ ² ȆȘȇ .

ǶȗȌȍȔȌȌ ꢀ ȗȕȋȕȖȒȌȓȌȔȔȕȌ ꢀ ȋȌȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȘȓȌȔȏȒȕȘȣ ꢀ ȋȌȒȌȔȏȌȓ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȉȕȌȔȔȢȌ ꢀ ȌȋȏȔȏȝȢ ꢀ ȉȕ ꢀ ȊȒȇȉȌ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȖȕȘșȇȉȒȌȔȔȢȓȏ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȕȓ ꢀ

ȔȇȞȇȒȣȔȏȑȇȓȏ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȞȏȘȒȇ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȘșȇȗȢȜ ꢀ ȘȕȗȇșȔȏȑȕȉ ꢂ

DZȇȍȋȢȐ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ șȕȒȣȑȕ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȉȕȐȔȌ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȓȏȗȔȕȐ ꢀ ȍȏȎȔȏ ꢀ

ȔȇȉȘȌȊȋȇ ꢀ ȖȗȏȉȦȎȇȔ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȘȉȕȌȓȚ ꢀ ȋȌȘȦșȑȚ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȖȢșȑȇ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȜȕȋȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȋȗȚȊȕȐ ꢀ ȑȇȗȇȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȘȓȌȗșȣȥ ꢂ

ǮȇȑȕȔȢ ꢀ ȆȘȢ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȑȗȇȐȔȌ ꢀ ȍȌȘșȕȑȏ ꢂꢀ ǵȘȔȕȉȔȢȓ ꢀ ȔȇȑȇȎȇȔȏȌȓ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ

ȖȗȕȘșȚȖȑȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȗȌȘșȚȖȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȦȉȒȦȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȘȓȌȗșȔȇȦ ꢀ ȑȇȎȔȣ ꢁ

DzȓȟȭȠȜȘ

DzȓȟȭȠțȖȘ

DZȇȎȔȣ ꢀ ȖȗȏȓȌȔȦȒȇȘȣ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȑȗȇȍȚ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȑȚȖȑȚ ꢀ ȑȗȇȋȌȔȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ ȞȇȗȕȋȌȐȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȔȇȗȚȟȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȎȇȑȕȔȕȉ ꢀ ȊȕȘșȌȖȗȏȏȓȘșȉȇ ꢁꢀ

ȔȇȗȚȟȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȘȚȖȗȚȍȌȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȉȌȗȔȕȘșȏ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȓȕȠȣ ꢀ ȈȌȊȒȕȓȚ ꢀ ȗȇȈȚ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȓȔȕȊȕȌ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȕȌ ꢂ

ȆȘȇ ȉȉȕȋȏȒȇ ꢀ ȖȗȏȔȝȏȖ ꢀ ȑȕȒȒȌȑșȏȉȔȕȐ ꢀ ȕșȉȌșȘșȉȌȔȔȕȘșȏ ꢂꢀ ǬȘȒȏ ꢀ ȉȕȏȔ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ Ȉȕȥ ꢀ ȕȈȗȇȠȇȒȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȈȌȊȘșȉȕ ꢁꢀ ȑȇȎȔȏȒȏ ꢀ

ȉȌȘȣ ꢀ ȋȌȘȦșȕȑ ꢁꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȈȌȊȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȋȌȘȦșȑȇ ꢀ ȑȇȎȔȏ ꢀ ȖȕȋȒȌȍȇȒȇ ꢀ ȉȘȦ ꢀ ȘȕșȔȦ ꢂ

ŰƃƊƑƕƆƋ ꢂ ŵƆƋƁƆƏƓžƋ ꢃ

dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȕȈȠȌȘșȉȕ ꢁꢀ ȜȕșȦ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȗȌțȕȗȓ ꢀ ǾȏȔȊȏȘȜȇȔȇ ȕȔȕ ꢀ

ȕȘȔȕȉȢȉȇȒȕȘȣ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȗȕȋȕȉȢȜ ꢀ ȘȉȦȎȦȜ ꢎꢀ ȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȘȕȉȓȌȘșȔȕȐ ꢀ ȘȒȚȍȈȌ ,

ȕȘșȇȉȇȒȕȘȣ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ Șȉȕȏȓ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȘșȇȉȒȌȔȏȦȓ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȝȌȔȔȕȘșȦȓ ꢀ ȗȕȋȕȉȢȓ ꢁꢀ

ȑȒȇȔȕȉȢȓ ꢂꢀ

ǾȌȒȕȉȌȑ ꢀ ȎȋȌȘȣ ꢀ

ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȝȌȔȌȔ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ

Șȇȓ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ ȘȌȈȌ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ

Ȓȏȟȣ ꢀ ȑȇȑ ꢀ ȞȇȘșȣ ꢀ

ȑȕȒȒȌȑșȏȉȇ ꢅꢀ

ȗȕȋȇ ꢎꢀ ȋȌȘȦșȑȇ .

ǫȌȘȦșȕȑ ꢁꢀ ȑȇȑ ꢀ

ȗȕȋ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȖȗȌȍȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȉȗȌȓȌȔȇ ꢁꢀ

ȕșȉȌȞȇȒ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ

ȑȇȍȋȕȊȕ ꢀ ȘȉȕȌȊȕ ꢀ

ȞȒȌȔȇ ꢂ

ǹȌȓȚȞȏȔ ꢈ ǾȏȔȊȏȘȜȇȔ ꢉꢀ

(1162-1227)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȜȇȔ ꢀ dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȏȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

1206- ꢆꢇꢇꢊꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ŪƌƋƁƌƉƚƏƈžƝ ꢀ žƎƊƆƝ

ǾȏȔȊȏȘȜȇȔ ȗȇȎȋȌȒȏȒ ꢀ ȘȉȕȌ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȕ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȒȌȊȑȚȥ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ șȦȍȌȒȚȥ ꢀ ȑȕȔȔȏȝȚ ꢂ

DzȌȊȑȇȦ ꢀ ȑȕȔȔȏȝȇ ꢀ ȉȕȕȗȚȍȇȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȒȚȑȇȓȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȇȈȒȦȓȏ ꢁꢀ ȋȕȘȖȌȜȕȉ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȏȓȌȒȇ ꢂ

ǩȕȏȔ ꢀ șȦȍȌȒȕȐ ꢀ ȑȕȔȔȏȝȢ ꢀ ȏȓȌȒ ꢀ ȋȉȇ ꢀ ȒȚȑȇ ꢀ

ꢃ ȋȒȦ ꢀ ȘșȗȌȒȣȈȢ ꢀ ȒȌȊȑȏȓȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ șȦȍȌȒȢȓȏ ꢀ

ȘșȗȌȒȇȓȏ ꢄꢁꢀ ȘȇȈȒȥ ꢁꢀ ȓȌȞ ꢁꢀ ȖȏȑȚ ꢁꢀ ȈȕȌȉȕȐ ꢀ

șȕȖȕȗ ꢁꢀ ȇȗȑȇȔ ꢂꢀ

ǩȘȇȋȔȏȑȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȑȕȔȦ ꢀ ȎȇȠȏȠȇȒȏ ꢀ ȋȕȘȖȌȜȏ ꢀ

ȏȎ ꢀ ȈȚȐȉȕȒȕȉȕȐ ꢀ ȑȕȍȏ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȖȕȎȍȌ ꢀ ²

ȍȌȒȌȎȔȢȌ ꢂꢀ

DZȇȍȋȢȐ ꢀ ȉȕȏȔ ꢀ ȏȓȌȒ ꢀ șȗȌȜ ȒȕȟȇȋȌȐ ꢅꢀ

ȉȌȗȜȕȉȚȥ ꢁꢀ ȉȣȥȞȔȚȥ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȎȇȖȇȘȔȚȥ ꢂꢀ

dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȏȌ ꢀ Ȓȕȟȇȋȏ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȕȞȌȔȣ ꢀ

ȉȢȔȕȘȒȏȉȢ ꢁꢀ ȓȕȊȒȏ ꢀ ȖȗȕȜȕȋȏșȣ ꢀ ȈȕȒȌȌ ꢀ

ꢀꢁꢁꢂ ȑȓ ꢂ ȉ ꢂ ȋȌȔȣ ꢃꢂ ǶȕȤșȕȓȚ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȇȦ ꢀ

DzȌȊȑȕȉȕȕȗȚȍȧȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȕȔȔȢȐ ꢀ

ȒȚȞȔȏȑ ꢁꢀ

ǸȗȌȋȔȌȉȌȑȕȉȇȦ ꢀ ȓȏȔȏȇșȥȗȇ ꢂ

ȇȗȓȏȦ ꢀ ȋȉȏȊȇȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȘșȗȌȓȏșȌȒȣȔȕ ꢂ

ūžƕžƉƌ ꢀ ƊƌƋƁƌƉƚƏƈƆƓ ꢀ ƅžƀƌƃƀžƋƆƇ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢋꢃꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǾȏȔȊȏȘȜȇȔ

ȖȕȋȞȏȔȏȒ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔȇ ꢀ ȕȐȗȇșȕȉ ,

ȈȚȗȦș ȏ ꢀ ȌȔȏȘȌȐȘȑȏȜ ꢀ

ȑȏȗȊȏȎȕȉ ꢂꢀ DZ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȏȏ ꢀ

ǾȏȔȊȏȘȜȇȔȇ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ

ȖȗȏȘȕȌȋȏȔȌȔȇ ꢀ ȎȔȇȞȏșȌȒȣȔȇȦ ꢀ

ȞȇȘșȣ ꢀ ǸȏȈȏȗȏ ꢁꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔȇ ꢀ

ȑȕșȕȗȕȐ ꢀ ȗȇȔȌȌ ꢀ ȖȒȇșȏȒȏ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣ ꢀ

ȑȏȗȊȏȎȇȓ ꢁ

ǩ ꢀ șȕȓ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢀ ȊȕȋȚ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ

ȕȈȗȚȟȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ șȇȔȊȚșȘȑȚȥ

ȏȓȖȌȗȏȥ ꢀꢈ ǮȇȖȇȋȔȕȌ ꢀ ǸȦ ).

ǵȘȌȔȣȥ ꢀꢂꢅꢋꢄꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ

ȔȌȘȑȕȒȣȑȏȜ ꢀ ȖȕȗȇȍȌȔȏȐ ꢀ

șȇȔȊȚșȘȑȏȐ ȖȗȇȉȏșȌȒȣ ꢀ

ȖȗȏȎȔȇȒ ꢀ ȘȌȈȦ ꢀ ȋȇȔȔȏȑȕȓ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȘȕȥȎȔȏȑȕȓ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȕȉ ꢂꢀ

ǹȇȔȊȚșȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȇșȕȗ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȒȑȕȉȕȋȌȝ ꢁ

ǹȇȔȊȚșȢ ꢀ ² ȕȘȌȋȒȢȐ ꢀ ȑȚȒȣșȚȗȔȢȐ ꢀ Ȕȇȗȕȋ ꢀ

șȏȈȌșȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȖȗȕȏȘȜȕȍȋȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȞȏȘȒȌȔȔȕȘșȣȥ ꢀ

ȕȑȕȒȕ ꢀꢇꢀ ȓȒȔ ꢂꢀ ȞȌȒ ꢂ

ǭȏȒȏ ꢀ ȥȍȔȌȌ ꢀ ȖȚȘșȢȔȏ ꢀ ǪȕȈȏ ꢂꢀꢀ ǧȗȓȏȦ ꢀ

ǹȇȔȊȚșȘȑȕȊȕ ȝȇȗȘșȉȇ ꢀ ȔȇȘȞȏșȢȉȇȒȇ ꢀ ȘȉȢȟȌ ꢀꢊꢈꢀ

șȢȘ ꢂꢀ ȉȕȏȔȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȕȖȏȗȇȒȇȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȔȌȖȗȏȘșȚȖȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȑȗȌȖȕȘșȏ ꢂ

ťžƀƌƃƀžƋƆƃ ꢀ ůƃƀƃƎƋƌƁƌ ꢀ ŨƆƐžƝ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢂꢂꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȕȈȗȚȟȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗȔȢȐ ꢀ

DZȏșȇȐ ꢁꢀ

ǴȇȘȌȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȏȏ ꢀ ǽȎȏȔȣ ȔȇȘȞȏșȢȉȇȒȕ ꢀ 45

ȓȒȔ ꢃꢂ ȞȌȒȕȉȌȑ ꢁꢀ ȕȔȇ ꢀ ȕȈȒȇȋȇȒȇ ꢀ ȊȗȕȓȇȋȔȕȐ ꢀ

ȇȗȓȏȌȐ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȕșȔȦȓȏ ꢀ ȑȗȌȖȕȘșȌȐ ꢂ

ǯ ꢀ ȉȘȌ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢂꢂ ² ꢂꢅꢂꢍꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗȔȢȐ ꢀ DZȏșȇȐ ꢀ

ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȖȕȈȌȍȋȌȔ ꢁꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȘșȕȒȏȝȇ ꢀ ǾȍȚȔȋȚ

ȎȇȜȉȇȞȌȔȇ ꢂ

ǶȕȈȌȋȇ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȕȉ ꢀ Ȕȇȋ ꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗȔȢȓ ꢀ DZȏșȇȌȓ

ȞȇȘșȏȞȔȕ ꢀ ȕȈȡȦȘȔȦȌșȘȦ ꢀ șȌȓ ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ ȔȇȘȌȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

DZȏșȇȦ ȘȕȘșȕȦȒȕ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȣȝȌȉ ꢁꢀ ȔȌȎȔȇȑȕȓȢȜ

Ș ꢀ ȉȕȌȔȔȢȓ ꢀ ȋȌȒȕȓ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȕȉ ꢀ ȉȕȏȔȕȓ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ

ȑȇȍȋȢȐ ꢀ ȓȚȍȞȏȔȇ ꢂ

DZȗȕȓȌ ꢀ șȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ ȗȌȘȚȗȘȢ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȏȏ ꢀ ǽȎȏȔȣ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ

ȖȕȋȕȗȉȇȔȢ ꢀ ȋȒȏșȌȒȣȔȕȐ ꢀ ȉȕȐȔȕȐ ꢀ Ș ꢀ

ȥȍȔȕȑȏșȇȐȘȑȕȐ ȏȓȖȌȗȏȌȐ ꢀ ǸȚȔ .

ťžƀƌƃƀžƋƆƃ ꢀ ůƃƀƃƎƋƌƁƌ ꢀ ŨƆƐžƝ

ǩȒȇȘșȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȏȏ ꢀ ǽȎȏȔȣ ȖȗȏȔȇȋȒȌȍȇȒȇ ꢀ ȞȍȚȗȞȍȤȔȦȓ ² ȑȕȞȌȉȔȏȑȇȓ -

ȎȇȉȕȌȉȇșȌȒȦȓ ꢁꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȢȜ ꢀ ȑȏșȇȐȝȢ ꢀ ȔȌȔȇȉȏȋȌȒȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉȕȌȉȇșȣ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȔȏȜ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ

ȜȕșȌȒȏ ꢂꢀ ǫȒȦ ꢀ ȑȏșȇȐȝȌȉ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȦȉȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȕȘȉȕȈȕȋȏșȌȒȦȓȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ

ȚȊȔȌșȇșȌȒȌȐ - ȞȍȚȗȞȍȤȔȌȐ .

Ǵȇ ꢀ ȘșȕȗȕȔȚ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȕȉ ꢀ

ȖȌȗȌȟȒȏ ꢀ ȔȌȘȑȕȒȣȑȕ ꢀ

ȑȏșȇȐȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȖȕȒȑȕȉȕȋȝȌȉ ꢀ

ȉȓȌȘșȌ ꢀ Șȕ ꢀ Șȉȕȏȓȏ ꢀ

ȇȗȓȏȦȓȏ ꢂ

ǩ ꢀ ȜȕȋȌ ꢀ ȎȇȉȕȌȉȇȔȏȦ ꢀ

DZȏșȇȦ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ

ȕȉȒȇȋȌȒȏ ꢀ ȕȘȇȋȔȕȐ ꢀ

șȌȜȔȏȑȕȐ ꢁꢀ ȔȇȚȞȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ

Ȉȗȇșȣ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋȇ ꢂ

ǺȑȗȌȖȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȑȏșȇȐȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȊȕȗȕȋȘȑȕȐ ꢀ

ȘșȌȔȢ ꢁꢀ ǸȗȌȋȔȌȉȌȑȕȉȇȦ ꢀ ȑȏșȇȐȘȑȇȦ ꢀ

Ȋȗȇȉȥȗȇ

dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȑȏșȇȐȘȑȏȐ ꢀ șȦȍȌȒȕȉȕȕȗȚȍȌȔȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȉȘȇȋȔȏȑȏ ꢁꢀ ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ ꢂ

DZȇȓȔȌȓȌșȔȇȦ ꢀ ȈȇȟȔȦ ꢁꢀ

ǯȎȕȈȗȇȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȑȏșȇȐȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȉȕȌȔȔȕȊȕ ꢀ

șȗȇȑșȇșȇ ꢀ ;, ꢀ ȉ ꢂ

dzȔȕȊȕȎȇȗȦȋȔȢȐ ꢀ ȑȗȌȖȕȘșȔȕȐ ꢀ ȇȗȈȇȒȌș ꢁꢀ

ǯȎȕȈȗȇȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȑȏșȇȐȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȉȕȌȔȔȕȊȕ ꢀ șȗȇȑșȇșȇ ꢀ ;, ꢀ ȉ ꢂ

DZȇȓȔȌȓȌșȔȇȦ ꢀ ȈȇȟȔȦ

DZȇȓȔȌȓȌșȔȇȦ ꢀ ȓȇȟȏȔȇ

ťžƀƌƃƀžƋƆƃ ꢀ ůƎƃƂƋƃƇ ꢀ ŞƅƆƆ

ǬȠȌ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȎȇȉȌȗȟȏȉ ꢀ ȗȇȎȊȗȕȓ ꢀ ǽȎȏȔȣ , ǾȏȔȊȏȘȜȇȔ ȖȕȉȌȗȔȚȒ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǮȇȖȇȋ ꢁꢀ ȕȘșȇȉȏȉ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȏșȇȌ ȔȌȈȕȒȣȟȚȥ ꢀ ȇȗȓȏȥ ꢀ

ȖȕȒȑȕȉȕȋȝȇ ꢀ dzȚȜȇȒȏ ꢂꢀ ǪȒȇȉȔȢȓ ꢀ ȉȗȇȊȕȓ ꢀ ǾȏȔȊȏȘȜȇȔȇ ȘșȇȒ ꢀ ǼȕȗȌȎȓ .

ǼȕȗȌȎȓ - ȟȇȜ ꢀ dzȚȜȇȓȓȌȋ ȑȕȔșȗȕȒȏȗȕȉȇȒ ꢀ ȖȗȇȑșȏȞȌȘȑȏ ꢀ ȉȘȥ ꢀ ǸȗȌȋȔȥȥ ꢀ ǧȎȏȥ ꢂꢀ ǶȗȇȉȏșȌȒȣ ꢀ ǼȕȗȌȎȓȇ

ȖȗȌșȌȔȋȕȉȇȒ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȑȇȗȇ - ȑȏșȇȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȝȇȗȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȇȍȌ ꢀ ȖȒȇȔȏȗȕȉȇȒ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ DZȏșȇȐ ꢁꢀ

ǯȔșȌȗȌȘȢ ꢀ ȋȉȚȜ ꢀ

ȎȇȉȕȌȉȇșȌȒȌȐ ꢀ

ȘșȕȒȑȔȚȒȏȘȣ ꢂ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢂꢍꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǾȏȔȊȏȘȜȇȔ

ȖȗȌȋȒȕȍȏȒ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȇȓ ꢀ

ȜȕȗȌȎȓ - ȟȇȜȇ ꢀ ȗȇȎȋȌȒȏșȣ ꢀ

ȉȒȇȋȌȔȏȦ ꢅꢀ

ªȆ ꢂ ² ȉȒȇȋȢȑȇ ꢂ

ǩȕȘșȕȑȇ ꢄꢂꢂ șȢ ꢂ ²

ȉȒȇȋȢȑȇ ꢂ ǮȇȖȇȋȇ« ꢃ

ťžƀƌƃƀžƋƆƃ ꢀ ůƎƃƂƋƃƇ ꢀ ŞƅƆƆ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢂꢇ ² ꢂꢅꢂꢃꢀ ȊȊ ꢁ ꢁꢀ ȕșȑȇȎȇȉȟȏȘȣ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȏșȇȐ , ȜȕȗȌȎȓ - ȟȇȜ ꢀ ȉȕȌȉȇȒ ꢀ Ȗȗȕșȏȉ ꢀ ȈȇȊȋȇȋȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȜȇȒȏțȇ ꢁꢀ

ȖȢșȇȦȘȣ ꢀ ȎȇȜȉȇșȏșȣ ꢀ ȉȌȗȜȕȉȔȚȥ ꢀ ȉȒȇȘșȣ ꢀ Ȕȇȋ ꢀ ȏȘȒȇȓȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȓȏȗȕȓ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ ȖȕșȌȗȖȌȒ ꢀ ȔȌȚȋȇȞȚ ꢂꢀ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢂꢄꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǾȏȔȊȏȘȜȇȔ ȋȉȏȔȚȒ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȇ ꢀ Ȗȗȕșȏȉ ꢀ ȑȇȗȇ - ȑȏȋȇȔȌȐ ȏ ꢀ ȗȇȎȊȗȕȓȏȒ ꢀ ȏȜ ꢂ

ǩȌȘȔȕȐ ꢀ șȕȊȕ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢀ Ȋȕȋȇ ꢀ

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȜȕȗȌȎȓȏȐȝȢ

ȉȘșȗȌșȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ Ȉȕȥ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȗ ꢁꢀ ǯȗȊȏȎ ꢁꢀ

Ǩȏșȉȇ ꢀ ȎȇȑȕȔȞȏȒȇȘȣ ꢀ

ȉȔȏȞȣȥ ꢁꢀ ȜȕșȦ ꢀ

ȞȏȘȒȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȉȌȘ ꢀ

ȈȢȒ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȜȕȗȌȎȓȏȐȝȌȉ .

ťžƀƌƃƀžƋƆƃ ꢀ ůƎƃƂƋƃƇ ꢀ ŞƅƆƆ

ǵȘȌȔȣȥ ꢀꢂꢅꢂꢄꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǾȏȔȊȏȘ - ȜȇȔ ꢁꢀ ȉȕȘȖȕȒȣȎȕȉȇȉȟȏȘȣ ꢀ ȎȇȜȉȇșȕȓ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǼȕȗȌȎȓȌ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ șȕȗȊȕȉȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȑȇȗȇȉȇȔȇ ꢁꢀ ȖȌȗȌȋȇȒ ꢀ ȟȇȜȚ ꢅꢀ ªǹȢ ꢁ ȜȕșȌȒ ꢁ ȉȕȐȔȢ ꢂꢁ șȢ ꢁ ȌȌ ꢁ ȖȕȒȚȞȏȒ« ꢀꢁ ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢂꢊꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȉșȕȗȊȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǼȕȗȌȎȓ ꢁ

ǩȕȏȔȢ ꢀ ǼȕȗȌȎȓȇ ꢁꢀ

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ

ťžƀƌƃƀžƋƆƃ ꢀ ůƎƃƂƋƃƇ ꢀ ŞƅƆƆ

ǼȕȗȌȎȓ - ȟȇȜ ȔȌ ꢀ

ȗȏȘȑȔȚȒ ꢀ ȋȇșȣ ꢀ

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȇȓ ꢀ

ȕșȑȗȢșȕȌ ꢀ

ȘȗȇȍȌȔȏȌ ꢁꢀ

ȔȌȘȓȕșȗȦ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȞȏȘȒȌȔȔȕȌ ꢀ

ȖȗȌȉȕȘȜȕȋȘșȉȕ ꢀ

ȘȉȕȏȜ ꢀ ȘȏȒ ꢂꢀ

ǵȔ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȖȕȞȌȒ ꢀ

ȗȇȘȖȗȌȋȌȒȏșȣ ꢀ Șȉȕȏ ꢀ

ȉȕȐȘȑȇ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ

ȑȗȌȖȕȘșȦȓ ꢂ

ťžƀƌƃƀžƋƆƃ ꢀ ůƎƃƂƋƃƇ ꢀ ŞƅƆƆ

ǹȇȑȕȓȚ ꢀ ȗȌȟȌȔȏȥ ꢀ ȌȘșȣ ꢀ ȔȌȘȑȕȒȣȑȕ ꢀ ȖȗȏȞȏȔ ꢂꢀ ǩȕ - ȖȌȗȉȢȜ ꢎꢀ ǼȕȗȌȎȓ ȚȍȌ ꢀ ȖȗȕȟȌȒ ꢀ Ȗȏȑ ꢀ ȘȉȕȌȊȕ ꢀ ȗȇȘȝȉȌșȇ ꢁꢀ

ȔȇȞȏȔȇȒȘȦ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȜȕȋ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȗȇȎȋȗȕȈȒȌȔȔȕȘșȏ ꢁꢀ ȓȔȕȊȏȌ ꢀ ȜȇȔȢ ꢀ ȓȌȞșȇȒȏ ꢀ ȕȈ ꢀ ȕșȋȌȒȌȔȏȏ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȜȕȗȌȎȓ - ȟȇȜ ꢁꢀ ȎȔȇȉȟȏȐ ꢀ ȕȈ ꢀ

Ȥșȕȓ ꢁꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȋȕȉȌȗȦȒ ꢀ ȏȓ ꢂ

ǩȕ - ȉșȕȗȢȜ ꢎꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ǨȇȊȋȇȋ Ț ꢀ ȜȕȗȌȎȓ - ȟȇȜȇ ꢀ

ȏȘȖȕȗșȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȕșȔȕȟȌȔȏȦ ꢀ Ș ꢀ

ȓȚȘȚȒȣȓȇȔȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȋȚȜȕȉȌȔȘșȉȕȓ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ

ȖȕșȕȓȚ ꢀ ȕȔ ꢀ ȕȖȇȘȇȒȘȦ ꢀ ȏȎȓȌȔȢ ꢀ

ȘȕȈȘșȉȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑ ꢂ

ǩ - șȗȌșȣȏȜ ꢎꢀ ȜȕȗȌȎȓ - ȟȇȜ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ

ȉȘșȗȌȉȕȍȌȔ ꢀ ȗȌȎȚȒȣșȇșȇȓȏ ꢀ

ȘȗȇȍȌȔȏȦ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǯȗȊȏȎȌ ȏ ꢀ

ȏȎȉȌȘșȏȦȓȏ ꢀ ȕ ꢀ ȓȔȕȊȕȞȏȘȒȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȖȕȈȌȋȇȜ ꢀ ǾȏȔȊȏȎ - ȜȇȔȇ .

ťžƀƌƃƀžƋƆƃ ꢀ ůƎƃƂƋƃƇ ꢀ ŞƅƆƆ

ǷȌȟȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȜȕȗȌȎȓ - ȟȇȜȇ ȕȈȌȗȔȚȒȕȘȣ ꢀ ȑȇșȇȘșȗȕțȕȐ ꢂꢀ ǶȗȇȉȏșȌȒȏ ꢀ ȈȕȒȣȟȏȔȘșȉȇ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȔȇȖȚȊȇȔȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȞȏȘȒȌȔȔȢȓ ꢀ ȖȗȌȉȕȘȜȕȋȘșȉȕȓ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȖȗȌȋȖȕȞȒȏ ꢀ ȑȇȖȏșȚȒȏȗȕȉȇșȣ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȉȌȗȏȉ ꢀ ȕȈȌȠȇȔȏȥ ꢀꢀ ȖȕȠȇȋȏșȣ ꢀ

ȍȏșȌȒȌȐ ꢂ

ǹȇȑ ꢀ ȘȋȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ǨȚȜȇȗȇ , ǸȇȓȇȗȑȇȔȋ , ǼȕȋȍȌȔș ꢂꢀ ǹȕȒȣȑȕ ꢀ ǵșȗȇȗ ȘȕȖȗȕșȏȉȒȦȒȘȦ ꢀ ȖȦșȣ ꢀ ȓȌȘȦȝȌȉ ꢁꢀ ȋȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȝȏșȇȋȌȒȏ ꢀ

ǼȕȋȍȌȔșȇ ȕȈȕȗȕȔȦȒȘȦ ꢀ ȔȌȈȕȒȣȟȕȐ ꢀ ȕșȗȦȋ ꢀ ȉȕȌȔȇȞȇȒȣȔȏȑȇ ꢀ ǹȏȓȚȗ - dzȌȒȏȑȇ .

dzȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȘȋȌȗȍȇȒȏ ꢀ

ȕȈȌȠȇȔȏȦ ꢅꢀ ȉȕ ꢀ ȉȎȦșȢȜ ꢀ ȊȕȗȕȋȇȜ ꢀ

ȕȔȏ ꢀ ȎȇȜȉȇșȏȒȏ ꢀ ȋȌȉȚȟȌȑ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȓȕȒȕȋȢȜ ꢀ ȍȌȔȠȏȔ ꢁꢀ ȚȉȌȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȖȒȌȔ ꢀ ȗȌȓȌȘȒȌȔȔȏȑȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ

ȕȘșȇȒȣȔȢȜ ꢀ ȓȚȍȞȏȔ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȈȏȒȏ ꢂ

ǵȘȌȔȣȥ ꢀꢂꢅꢅꢋꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ

ȕȘȇȋȏȒȏ ꢀ ȘșȕȒȏȝȚ ꢀ ǼȕȗȌȎȓȇ ²

ǺȗȊȌȔȞ ꢀꢈ ǪȚȗȊȇȔȋȍ ).

ťžƀƌƃƀžƋƆƃ ꢀ ůƎƃƂƋƃƇ ꢀ ŞƅƆƆ

ǺȗȊȌȔȞ ȘȕȖȗȕșȏȉȒȦȒȘȦ ꢀ ȘȌȓȣ ꢀ ȓȌȘȦȝȌȉ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȇȒ ꢀ Ȓȏȟȣ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ șȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ ȑȇȑ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȗȇȎȗȚȟȏȒȏ ꢀ ȖȒȕșȏȔȚ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǧȓȚ -

ǫȇȗȣȌ ȏ ꢀ ȎȇșȕȖȏȒȏ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋ ꢂ

ǼȕȗȌȎȓ - ȟȇȜ ꢀ dzȚȜȇȓȓȌȋ ꢀ ȌȠȌ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ

ȖȇȋȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ǨȚȜȇȗȢ ȈȌȍȇȒ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ǧȓȚ -

ǫȇȗȣȥ ꢁꢀ ȔȇȋȌȦȘȣ ꢀ ȘȕȈȗȇșȣ ꢀ ȔȕȉȕȌ ꢀ

ȉȕȐȘȑȕ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȘȚȓȌȒ ꢀ ȤșȕȊȕ ꢀ ȘȋȌȒȇșȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȚȓȌȗ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȕȋȔȕȓ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȕȘșȗȕȉȕȉ ꢀ

DZȇȘȖȏȐȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȓȕȗȦ ꢁ

ǸȕȖȗȕșȏȉȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȖȇȋȌȔȏȦ ꢀ

ǺȗȊȌȔȞȇ ȉȕȎȊȒȇȉȏȒ ꢀ ȘȢȔ ꢀ

dzȚȜȇȓȓȌȋȇ ǫȍȌȒȇȒȣ Ȥȋ - ǫȏȔ ꢁꢀ

ǵȔ ꢀ ȋȇȍȌ ꢀ ȘȚȓȌȒ ꢀ ȔȇȔȌȘșȏ ꢀ ȗȦȋ ꢀ

ȖȕȗȇȍȌȔȏȐ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȏȓ ꢀ

ȉȕȌȔȇȞȇȒȣȔȏȑȇȓ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢅꢂꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ

ȗȇȎȈȏș ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȈȌȗȌȊȕȉ ꢀ ȗ ꢁꢀ ǯȔȋ ꢁ

ǸȓȌȗșȣ ꢀ ȜȕȗȌȎȓȟȇȜȇ ꢀ dzȚȜȇȓȓȌȋȇ ꢁꢀ

dzȏȔȏȇșȥȗȇ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǫȍȇȓȏ ȇș - șȇȉȇȗȏȜ Ƿȇȟȏȋ ꢀ ȇȋ - ǫȏȔȇ

ťžƀƌƃƀžƋƆƃ ꢀ ůƎƃƂƋƃƇ ꢀ ŞƅƆƆ

DZ ꢀꢂꢅꢅꢌꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǼȕȗȌȎȓ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȖȗȇȑșȏȞȌȘȑȏ ꢀ ȖȕȒȔȕȘșȣȥ ꢀ ȎȇȉȕȌȉȇȔ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȇȓȏ ꢂꢀ ǫȉȇ ꢀ șȚȓȌȔȇ ȉȕ ꢀ ȊȒȇȉȌ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ǸȚȈȤȋȤȌȓ

ȏ ꢀ ǫȍȌȈȌ ꢁꢀ ȖȗȌȘȒȌȋȕȉȇȉȟȏȌ ꢀ ȜȕȗȌȎȓ - ȟȇȜȇ ꢁꢀ ȚȟȒȏ ꢀ ȋȇȒȌȑȕ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȎȇȖȇȋ .

ǩ ꢀ ǸȗȌȋȔȌȐ ꢀ ǧȎȏȏ ꢀ ǾȏȔȊȏȘȜȇȔ ȕȘșȇȉȏȒ ꢀ ȔȇȓȌȘșȔȏȑȕȓ ꢀ ȘȉȕȌȊȕ ꢀ ȉșȕȗȕȊȕ ꢀ ȘȢȔȇ ꢀ ǫȍȇȊȇșȇȦ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ Șȇȓ ꢀ ȉȌȗȔȚȒȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

dzȕȔȊȕȒȏȥ ꢁ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢅꢇꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǾȏȔȊȏȘȜȇȔ

ȖȗȌȋȖȗȏȔȦȒ ꢀ ȘȉȕȐ ꢀ

ȖȕȘȒȌȋȔȏȐ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢀ ² Ȕȇ ꢀ

șȇȔȊȚșȕȉ ꢁꢀ

ǪȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȕ ꢀ șȇȔȊȚșȕȉ ꢀ

ȈȢȒȕ ꢀꢀ ȚȔȏȞșȕȍȌȔȕ ꢁꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ

Ȋȕȗȕȋȇ ꢀ ȗȇȎȗȚȟȌȔȢ ꢁꢀ

ȍȏșȌȒȏ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȈȏșȢ ꢀ ȏȒȏ ꢀ

ȕȈȗȇȠȌȔȢ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȗȇȈȘșȉȕ ꢂ

ŭƌƐƌƊƈƆ ꢀ ŵƆƋƁƆƏƓžƋž

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢅꢃꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȘȗȇȎȚ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ Ȏȇ

Șȣ ꢀ ȤȖȕȜȇ ꢀ ȞȏȔȊȏȎȏȋȕȉ .

ǾȏȔȊȏȎȏȋȢ . ǫȏȔȇȘșȏȞȌȘȑȇȦ ꢁ ȘȜȌȓȇ ꢀ

ȅȖțȑȖȟȣȎț ꢀꢁꢂꢂꢃꢄ -1227)

ꢃ ȖȗȇȉȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀꢆꢇꢈꢉ -1227)

DzȔȡȥȖ

ȁȑȫȒȫȗ

ȅȎȑȎȒȎȗ

ȀȜșȡȗ

ꢃ ȜȇȔ ꢀ ǺȒȚȘȇ ꢀ ǫȍȚȞȏ ꢀ

(1229-1241)

1224-1227)

ǯȎȠȩȗ

ǯȓȞȘȓ

ȃȡȏȖșȎȗ

ǺȡțȘȫ

DZȡȬȘ

ǸȐȎȦȖ

ȃȡșȎȑȡ

ǸȎȗȒȡ

ꢃ ȜȇȔ ꢀ ǺȒȚȘȇ ꢀ ǫȍȚȞȏ

ꢃ ȜȇȔ ꢀ ǺȒȚȘȇ ꢀ ǫȍȚȞȏ ꢀ

(1246-1248)

(1251-1259)

(1260-1294)

1227-1256)

1256-1267)

ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ

DzȖțȎȟȠȖȭ ꢀ

ǶșȪȣȎțȩ

DzȖțȎȟȠȖȭ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȎ

ȅȎȑȎȒȎȓȐ

ȃȡșȎȑȡȖȒȩ

ȌȎțȪ

ŭƌƓƌƂ ꢀ ůƑſƛƂƛƝ Ɔ ꢀ ŢƄƛſƃ

ǶȗȌȘȒȌȋȚȦ ꢀ ȘȢȔȇ ꢀ ȜȕȗȌȎȓ - ȟȇȜȇ ꢀ

ǫȍȌȒȇȒȣ - ȇȋ ꢀ ǫȏȔȇ , 3 ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȏȜ ꢀ

șȚȓȌȔȇ ȉȕ ꢀ ȊȒȇȉȌ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ǸȚȈȤȋȤȌȓ ȏ ꢀ

ǫȍȤȈȌ ȉȕȟȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǯȗȇȔ ꢁꢀ ȕȈȕȟȒȏ ꢀ Ș ꢀ

ȥȊȇ ꢀ DZȇȘȖȏȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ ,

ȗȇȎȊȗȕȓȏȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǮȇȑȇȉȑȇȎȣȌ

ȇȗȓȦȔȕ - ȊȗȚȎȏȔȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȉȢȟȒȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗȔȢȐ ꢀ DZȇȉȑȇȎ ꢀ

ȞȌȗȌȎ ꢀ ǫȌȗȈȌȔșȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȚȠȌȒȣȌ ꢁꢀ

Ǵȇ ꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗȔȕȓ ꢀ DZȇȉȑȇȎȌ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ

ȘșȕȒȑȔȚȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȇȒȇȔȇȓȏ ꢃ ȖȗȌȋȑȇȓȏ ꢀ

ȕȘȌșȏȔ ꢄꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȑȏȖȞȇȑȇȓȏ

( ȖȕȒȕȉȝȇȓȏ ).

dzȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȎȇȉȌȗȏȒȏ ꢀ ȖȕȒȕȉȝȌȉ ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ

ȏȋȚș ꢀ șȕȒȣȑȕ ꢀ Ȗȗȕșȏȉ ꢀ ȇȒȇȔ .

ǶȕȒȕȉȝȢ ȈȗȕȘȏȒȏ ꢀ ȘȕȥȎȔȏȑȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ

șȌ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȗȇȎȈȏșȢ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȇȓȏ ꢂꢀ

ŭƌƓƌƂ ꢀ ůƑſƛƂƛƝ Ɔ ꢀ ŢƄƛſƃ

ǩȘȒȌȋ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ șȌȓ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȗȇȎȊȗȕȓȏȒȏ ꢀ

ȏ ꢀ ȘȇȓȏȜ ꢀ ȖȕȒȕȉȝȌȉ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȕȉȒȇȋȌȒȏ ꢀ

ȉȘȌȓ ꢀ ǶȗȌȋȑȇȉȑȇȎȣȌȓ .

Ǹ ꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗȔȕȊȕ ꢀ DZȇȉȑȇȎȇ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ

ȉȢȟȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȖȗȏȞȌȗȔȕȓȕȗȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȘșȌȖȏ ꢁꢀ

ȉȕȗȉȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȗȢȓ ꢁꢀ ȊȋȌ ꢀ

ȗȇȎȊȗȕȓȏȒȏ ꢀ ǸȚȗȕȍ ꢈ ǸȚȋȇȑ ꢉꢁ

ǶȕȒȕȉȝȢ ꢁꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȘȏȒȇȜ ꢀ

ȘȕȖȗȕșȏȉȒȦșȣȘȦ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȇȓ ꢁꢀ

ȕȈȗȇșȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȖȕȓȕȠȣȥ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

ȗȚȘȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦȓ ꢂ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢅꢌꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȘȕȈȗȇȔ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȘȡȌȎȋ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȌȐ ꢁꢀ ǩ ꢀ ȔȌȓ ꢀ ȚȞȇȘșȉȕȉȇȒȏ ꢀ

dzȘșȏȘȒȇȉ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢎꢀ dzȘșȏȘȒȇȉ ꢀ

ǾȌȗȔȏȊȕȉȘȑȏȐ ꢎꢀ dzȘșȏȘȒȇȉ ꢀ

ǪȇȒȏȝȑȏȐ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȏȌ ꢂꢀ

ŭƌƓƌƂ ꢀ ƎƑƏƏƈƆƓ ꢀ ƈƋƝƅƃƇ ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ ŨžƉƈƑ

ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȇȦ ꢀ ǬȉȗȕȖȇ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢅꢌ -1242 ȊȊ ꢁꢀ

DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

Ʌɚɞɨɠɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

ɋɬɨɤɝɨɥɶɦ

Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɚɹ ꢀ

ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚ

ɗɫɬɵ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢅꢌꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȘȕȈȗȇȔ ꢀ

DZȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȘȡȌȎȋ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȌȐ ꢁꢀ ǩ ꢀ

ȔȌȓ ꢀ ȚȞȇȘșȉȕȉȇȒȏ ꢀ dzȘșȏȘȒȇȉ ꢀ

DZȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢎꢀ dzȘșȏȘȒȇȉ ꢀ

ǾȌȗȔȏȊȕȉȘȑȏȐ ꢎꢀ dzȘșȏȘȒȇȉ ꢀ

ǪȇȒȏȝȑȏȐ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȏȌ ꢂꢀ

ȆȐȓȤȖȭ

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ʉɨɫɬɪɨɦɚ

ɨɡ ꢁꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

Ƚɟɬɟɛɨɪɝ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɜɟɥɢɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ

Ɋɢɝɚ

DzȎțȖȭ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

Ʉɨɩɟɧɝɚɝɟɧ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

Ȼɚɥɬɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ ɦɨɪɟ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǰȜșȔȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ǯȡșȑȎȞȖȭ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫ Ɋ ɬ ɹ ɜ ɡ ɨ ɚɧɶ ( ȒȜ ꢀꢂꢄꢅꢃꢀ ȑȜȒȎ ꢆ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

Ɇɟɦɟɥɶ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

Ʉɟɧɢɝɫɛɟɪɝ ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

Ɇɢɧɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

Ƚɞɚɧɶɫɤ

ǾȡȟȪ

ȀȓȐȠȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɍɨɪɧ

ȼɢɫɥɚ

ǽȜșȪȦȎ

ǿȐȭȧȓțțȎȭ ꢀ

ǾȖȚȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ȅȗȏȦ ꢀ ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋȕȉȏȞȇ ꢀ

ꢃ ȉȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȦ ꢄꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȘȡȌȎȋȌ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȈȢȒȕ ꢂ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ - ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

ɉɨɡɧɚɧɶ

Ȼɟɪɟɫɬɶɟ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

Ɍɭɪɨɜ

ȼɚɪɲɚɜɚ

Ʌɨɞɡɶ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

Ʌɟɣɩɰɢɝ

Ⱦɪɟɡɞɟɧ

ɐɜɢɤɚɭ

Ʌɢɝɧɢɰɚ

ȼɪɨɰɥɚɜ

Ʌɸɛɥɢɧ

ɋɚɧɞɨɦɢɪ

Ʉɪɚɤɨɜ

Ɉɫɬɪɚɜɚ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼɨɥɵɧɫɤɢɣ

ɂɡɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɫɤɨɟ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ɉɪɚɝɚ

ɉɥɶɡɟɧɶ

ȅȓȣȖȭ

ǷȌȟȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȍȌȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȘȡȌȎȋȇ ꢅꢀ ªDzȚȞȌ ꢂ

ȓȢ ꢂ ȖȗȏȓȌȓ ꢂ ȏȜ ꢂ Ȕȇ ꢂ ȞȚȍȕȐ ꢂ

ȎȌȓȒȌ ꢄꢂ ȔȌȍȌȒȏ ꢂ Ȕȇ ꢂ ȘȉȕȌȐ« ꢃ

ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

Ʉɢɟɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

Ƚɚɥɢɰɤɨ -

ȼɨɥɵɧɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ⱦɨɧ

Ȼɭɞɜɟɣɫ

Ȼɪɧɨ

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ʉɨɲɢɰɟ

Ʌɢɧɰ

Ɂɚɥɶɰɛɭɪɝ

ɗɝɟɪ

ȼɟɧɚ

ɉɪɟɲɛɭɪɝ

ɗɫɬɟɪɝɨɦ

ɉɨɥɨɜɰɵ

Ǩȏșȉȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȗȌȑȌ ꢀ DZȇȒȑȌ

31.5.1223

Ƚɪɚɰ

ǮȐȟȠȞȖȭ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ȼɭɞɚ

Ⱦɭɧɚɣ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

Ʌɸɛɥɹɧɚ

Ɂɚɝɪɟɛ

DZȔȦȍȌȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȇ ꢀ ȉȢȘșȚȖȇȌș ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢁꢀ

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ ꢂ

ŭƌƓƌƂ ꢀ ƎƑƏƏƈƆƓ ꢀ ƈƋƝƅƃƇ ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ ŨžƉƈƑ

ǩ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȌ ꢀ ȖȗȏȔȦȒȏ ꢀ ȚȞȇȘșȏȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢀ ȅȍȔȕȐ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ꢏꢀ

ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ dzȘșȏȘȒȇȉ ; ȞȌȗȔȏȊȕȉȘȑȏȐ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ

dzȘșȏȘȒȇȉ ; ȉȕȒȢȔȘȑȏȐ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ dzȘșȏȘȒȇȉ ;

ȊȇȒȏȝȑȏȐ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ǫȇȔȏȏȒ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ șȇȑȍȌ ꢀꢆꢋꢀ ȏȜ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȌȐ -

ȖȕȋȗȚȞȔȏȑȕȉ ꢂ

ǸȌȉȌȗȔȢȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȌ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȚȞȇȘșȉȕȉȇȒȏ .

Ǯȇ ꢀ ǫȔȌȖȗȕȓ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȇșȇȑȕȉȇȒȏ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȖȕȘȖȌȟȔȕ ꢀ ȕșȘșȚȖȏȒȏ ꢂꢀ ǷȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢁꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȎȔȇȦ ꢀ șȇȑșȏȑȏ ꢀ

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȖȗȏȔȦȒȏ ꢀ ȕȈȓȇȔȔȕȌ ꢀ ȕșȘșȚȖȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ

ȈȌȊȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȊȔȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȖȗȕșȏȉȔȏȑȕȓ ꢂ

ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȉȕȘȣȓȏ ꢀ ȋȔȌȐ ꢀ ȖȗȌȘȒȌȋȕȉȇȔȏȦ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȖȕȒȕȉȝȢ ꢀ ȉȢȟȒȏ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȈȌȗȌȊȚ ꢀ ȗȌȑȏ ꢀ DZȇȒȑȏ ,

ȉȖȇȋȇȥȠȌȐ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǧȎȕȉȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ ꢁꢀ

ǷȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȘȕȊȒȇȘȕȉȇȒȏ ꢀ Șȉȕȏ ꢀ ȋȌȐȘșȉȏȦ ꢁꢀ

ȑȇȍȋȢȐ ꢀ ȘȗȇȍȇȒȘȦ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ Șȉȕȏ ꢀ ȘșȗȇȜ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȗȏȘȑ ꢂꢀ

şƆƐƀž ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ ŨžƉƈƃ ꢀꢄꢅꢀ ƊžƝ ꢀꢅꢆꢆꢄꢀ Ɓ ꢁ

ǶȕȒȕȉȝȢ ꢁꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȢ ꢀ dzȘșȏȘȒȇȉȇ ꢀ ǺȋȇȒȕȊȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǫȇȔȏȏȒȇ ꢀ ǪȇȒȏȝȑȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ ȘșȗȌȓȦȘȣ ꢀ ȔȇȊȔȇșȣ ꢀ ȖȗȕșȏȉȔȏȑȇ ꢁꢀ

ȖȌȗȌȖȗȇȉȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȞȌȗȌȎ ꢀ DZȇȒȑȚ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȖȇȒȏ ꢀ Ȗȕȋ ꢀ Țȋȇȗ ꢀ ȊȒȇȉȔȢȜ ꢀ ȘȏȒ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȕȉ ꢀ ² șȦȍȌȒȕȐ ꢀ ȑȕȔȔȏȝȢ ꢁꢀ ȕ ꢀ

ȘȚȠȌȘșȉȕȉȇȔȏȏ ꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȕȐ ꢀ ȋȇȍȌ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȖȕȋȕȎȗȌȉȇȒȏ ꢂ

ǶȕȒȕȉȝȢ ꢁꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȢ ꢀ dzȘșȏȘȒȇȉȇ ꢀ ǺȋȇȒȕȊȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǫȇȔȏȏȒȇ ꢀ

ǪȇȒȏȝȑȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ ȘșȗȌȓȦȘȣ ꢀ ȔȇȊȔȇșȣ ꢀ ȖȗȕșȏȉȔȏȑȇ ꢁꢀ

ȖȌȗȌȖȗȇȉȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȞȌȗȌȎ ꢀ DZȇȒȑȚ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȖȇȒȏ ꢀ Ȗȕȋ ꢀ Țȋȇȗ ꢀ

ȊȒȇȉȔȢȜ ꢀ ȘȏȒ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȕȉ ꢀ ² șȦȍȌȒȕȐ ꢀ ȑȕȔȔȏȝȢ ꢁꢀ ȕ ꢀ

ȘȚȠȌȘșȉȕȉȇȔȏȏ ꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȕȐ ꢀ ȋȇȍȌ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȖȕȋȕȎȗȌȉȇȒȏ .

ǶȕȒȕȉȝȢ ꢁꢀ ȊȇȒȏȝȑȏȌ ȏ ꢀ ȉȕȒȢȔȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȕȒȑȏ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ

ȗȇȎȊȗȕȓȒȌȔȢ ꢁꢀ dzȘșȏȘȒȇȉ ǺȋȇȒȕȐ ȏ ꢀ ǫȇȔȏȏȒ ȘȖȇȘȒȏȘȣ ꢀ

ȈȌȊȘșȉȕȓ ꢁꢀ ȖȗȏȞȌȓ ꢀ ǫȇȔȏȏȒ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȗȇȔȌȔ ꢂꢀ ǨȌȍȇȒȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȞȌȗȔȏȊȕȉȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȕȒȑȏ ꢂ

DZȏȌȉȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȇ ꢁꢀ ȘșȕȦȉȟȇȦ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȜȕȒȓȌ ꢁꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȖȗȏȟȒȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȖȕȓȕȠȣ ꢀ ȉȕȒȢȔȝȇȓ ȏ ꢀ ȊȇȒȏȞȇȔȇȓ ꢁꢀ ȑȕȊȋȇ ꢀ șȌ ꢀ ȕȈȗȇșȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢀ ȈȌȊȘșȉȕ ꢂꢀ Ǵȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ Șȇȓȏ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȒȦȔȌ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȕȑȗȚȍȌȔȢ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȖȗȏȔȚȍȋȌȔȢ ꢀ ȘȋȇșȣȘȦ ꢂꢀ

şƆƐƀž ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ ŨžƉƈƃ ꢀꢄꢅꢀ ƊžƝ ꢀꢅꢆꢆꢄꢀ Ɓ ꢁ

dzȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȖȕȒȕȍȏȒȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȖȒȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȈȗȌȉȔȇ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ Șȇȓȏ ꢁꢀ ȘȏȋȦ ꢀ ȘȉȌȗȜȚ ꢁꢀ ȖȏȗȕȉȇȒȏ ꢀ Ȗȕȋ ꢀ ȘșȕȔȢ ꢀ ȎȇȋȇȉȒȌȔȔȢȜ .

DZȇȒȑȇ ꢁꢀ ǼȚȋȕȍȔȏȑ ꢀ ǶȇȉȌȒ ꢀ ǷȢȍȌȔȑȕ ꢂ

ŭƌƏƉƃ ꢀ ſƆƐƀƙ ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ ŨžƉƈƃ

Ʌɚɞɨɠɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

ȆȐȓȤȖȭ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȖȕȈȌȋȢ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

DZȇȒȑȌ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢂ ȔȌ ꢂ

ȖȕȟȒȏ ꢂ ȉȊȒȚȈȣ ꢂ ǷȚȘȏ :

ȋȒȦ ꢀ ȤșȕȊȕ ꢀꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȜȉȇșȇȒȕ ꢀ

ȘȏȒ ꢀ șȗȌȜ ꢀ șȚȓȌȔȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȚȍȌ ꢀ

ȘȕȉȌȗȟȏȉȟȏȜ ꢀ

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

ɋɬɨɤɝɨɥɶɦ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɚɹ ꢀ

ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚ

ɗɫɬɵ

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ ɨɡɟɪɨ

ꢁꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ʉɨɫɬɪɨɦɚ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

Ɋɢɠɫɤ ǹ ɢɣ Ȗ ꢀ ȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ɡɚɥɢɜ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɜɟɥɢɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

Ȼɭɥɝɚɪ

Ȼɢɥɹɪ

ɋɭɜɚɪ

Ɋɢɝɚ

Ȼɚɥɬɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǰȜșȔȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ǯȡșȑȎȞȖȭ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

Ɇɟɦɟɥɶ

șȦȍȌȒȢȐ ꢀ ȋȇȒȌȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢂ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ ( ȒȜ ꢀꢂꢄꢅꢃꢀ ȑȜȒȎ ꢆ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

Ʉɟɧɢɝɫɛɟɪɝ ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ɇɢɧɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

Ƚɞɚɧɶɫɤ

ǾȡȟȪ

ȀȓȐȠȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɍɨɪɧ

ȼɢɫɥɚ

ǽȜșȪȦȎ

ȁșȡȟ ꢀ DzȔȡȥȖ ꢀ

ꢁ ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ȜȞȒȎ ꢆ

ǵș ꢀ ȊȗȇȔȏȝ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ

ǸȚȈȤȋȤȐ ȏ ꢀ ǫȍȤȈȌ

ȖȕȉȌȗȔȚȒȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ Ș ȌȉȌȗȕ -

ȉȕȘșȕȑ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȖȢșȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ

ȉșȕȗȊȔȚșȣȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ - ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

Ȼɟɪɟɫɬɶɟ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

Ɍɭɪɨɜ

ȼɚɪɲɚɜɚ

Ʌɨɞɡɶ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

Ʌɸɛɥɢɧ

ɋɚɧɞɨɦɢɪ

Ʉɪɚɤɨɜ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼɨɥɵɧɫɤɢɣ

ɂɡɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɫɤɨɟ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

Ʉɢɟɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

Ɉɫɬɪɚɜɚ

Ƚɚɥɢɰɤɨ -

ȼɨɥɵɧɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ⱦɨɧ

ǩȕȒȍȘȑȚȥ ꢀ

ǨȕȒȊȇȗȏȥ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ

ȉȢȔȚȍȋȌȔȢ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ

ȕșȘșȚȖȏșȣ ꢂ

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ʉɨɲɢɰɟ

ɗɝɟɪ

Ʉɚɫɩɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ ɦɨɪɟ

ɉɨɥɨɜɰɵ

31.5.1223 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɪɟɤɟ ꢀ Ʉɚɥɤɟ

ɗɫɬɟɪɝɨɦ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ȼɭɞɚ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ⱦɭɧɚɣ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

ŦƐƌƁƆ ꢀ ſƆƐƀƙ ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ ŨžƉƈƃ

ǯȎ ꢀ ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȘȑȕȐ ꢀ

ǶȌȗȉȕȐ ꢀ ȒȌșȕȖȏȘȏ ꢏ

ªǩ ꢀ șȕȓ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢀ ȒȌșȌ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ

ȊȗȌȜȕȓ ꢀ Ȕȇȟȏȓ ꢀ

ǷȇȎȊȗȕȓ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ DZȇȒȑȌ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȎȇȘșȇȉȏȒ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȌȐ ꢀ ȖȗȌȕȋȕȒȌșȣ ꢀ ȚȘȕȈȏȝȢ ꢂ

Ȗȗȏȋȕȟȇ ȦȎȢȝȏ

ȔȌȎȔȇȌȓȏ ȏȜ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢀ ȋȕȈȗȌ ꢀ

Ȕȏȑșȕ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȉȌȘșȣ ꢀ ȑșȕ ꢀ

ȘȚșȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȕșȑȚȋȇ ꢀ ȏȎȏȋȕȟȇ ,

ȏ ꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ ȦȎȢȑ ꢀ ȏȜ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȑȕșȕȗȊȕ ȖȒȌȓȌȔȏ ꢀ ȘȚșȣ ꢁꢀ

ȏ ꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ ȉȌȗȇ ꢀ ȏȜ ꢂꢀ

ǧ ꢀ ȎȕȉȚșȣȘȦ șȇșȇȗȌ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ

ȏȔȏȏ ȊȒȇȊȕȒȥșȣ

șȇȚȗȓȌȔȏ , ȇ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȏȏ

ȖȌȞȌȔȌȎȏ¬ ꢀ ǨȕȊ ꢀ ȌȋȏȔ ꢀ

ȉȌȘșȣ ꢁꢀ ȑșȕ ꢀ ȘȚșȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȕșȑȕȒȌ ꢀ

ȏȎȏȋȕȟȇ . ǯ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ

ȘȉȌȋȇȌȓ ꢁꢀ ȕșȑȚȋȇ ꢀ ȘȚșȣ ꢀ

Ȗȗȏȏȋȕȟȇ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȑȋȌ ȘȦ

ȋȌȟȇ ȕȖȦșȣ« ꢂꢀ

dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȇȗȓȏȦ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȓȇȗȟȌ ꢁꢀ ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȇȦ ꢀ ȗȌȑȕȔȘșȗȚȑȝȏȦ ꢂ

ŭƌƓƌƂ ꢀ ƈ ꢀ ŭƌƏƉƃƂƋƃƊƑ ꢀ ƊƌƎƜ

ǶȌȗȌȋ ꢀ ȘȓȌȗșȣȥ ꢀ (1227 Ȋ .) ǾȏȔȊȏȘ - ȜȇȔ ꢀ ȗȇȎȋȌȒȏȒ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȏȥ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȚȒȚȘȢ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȎȇȉȌȠȇȒ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȇȓ ꢀ ȘȕȉȌȗȟȏșȣ ꢀ

ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ªǶȕȘȒȌȋȔȌȓȚ ꢀ ȓȕȗȥ« ꢁꢀ ǪȒȇȉȔȇȦ ꢀ ȗȕȒȣ ꢀ ȕșȉȕȋȏȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȚȒȚȘȚ ꢀ ȘșȇȗȟȌȊȕ ꢀ ȘȢȔȇ ꢀ ǾȏȔȊȏȘ - ȜȇȔȇ ² ǫȍȚȞȏ .

ǾȡȟȪ

ȁșȡȟ ꢀ DzȔȡȥȖ ꢀ

ꢁ ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ȜȞȒȎ ꢆ

DZȇȗȇȑȕȗȚȓ

ǸȇȗȇȐ

ǶȚȝȓȞȖȭ ꢀ ȌȎțȪ

DZȇȘȖȏȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ǾȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ

ȁșȡ ȅȎȑȎȠȎȓȐ

ǶȌȑȏȔ

ǹȌȈȗȏȎ

ǸȇȓȇȗȑȇȔȋ

ȁșȡȟ ꢀ

ȃȡșȎȑȖȒȜȐ

ǸȗȌȋȏȎȌȓȔȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ

ǹȏȜȏȐ ꢀ

ȕȑȌȇȔ

ǶțȒȖȭ

ǧȗȇȉȏȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ǨȌȔȊȇȒȣȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȎȇȒȏȉ

ŭƌƓƌƂ ꢀ ƎƑƏƏƈƆƓ ꢀ ƈƋƝƅƃƇ ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ ŨžƉƈƑ

ɥ

ɨɡɟ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

ǷȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢀ

ȖȌȗȌȋ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȕȓ ꢀ

ǨȇșȢȦ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ȌȞȖȗ ꢀ ǰȟȓȐȜșȜȒȜȐȖȥ

DZȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȉȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȏȐ

ǮșȓȘȟȎțȒȞ ꢀ ǻȓȐȟȘȖȗ

DZȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȔȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȘȑȏȐ

ɨɝɚ

ɨɪɨɞɫɤɚɹ ꢀ

ɩɭɛɥɢɤɚ

ȆȐȓȤȖȭ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ǫȍȚȞȏ ȚȓȌȗ ꢀ ȌȠȌ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ

ǾȏȔȊȏȘ - ȜȇȔȇ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉȕ ꢀ ȊȒȇȉȌ ꢀ

ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȚȒȚȘȇ ꢀ ȉȘșȇȒ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȘȢȔ ꢀ ²

ǨȇșȚ - ȜȇȔ ꢁꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȕȊȕ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ

ȔȇȎȢȉȇȒȏ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȌȓ .

Ƚɟɬɟɛɨɪɝ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ

Ɋɢɝɚ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

DzȎțȖȭ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

Ʉɨɩɟɧɝɚɝɟɧ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

Ȼɚɥɬɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ ɦɨɪɟ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǰȜșȔȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ǯȡșȑȎȞȖȭ

( ȒȜ ꢀꢂꢄꢅꢃꢀ ȑȜȒȎ ꢆ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

Ɇɟɦɟɥɶ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

Ʉɟɧɢɝɫɛɟɪɝ ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ɇɢɧɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

Ƚɞɚɧɶɫɤ

ǾȡȟȪ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢌꢇꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȑȚȗȚȒșȇȐ ,

ȘȕȎȉȇȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȕȓ ꢀ

ǺȊȤȋȤȌȓ ꢁꢀ ȗȌȟȏȒ ꢀ ȔȇȞȇșȣ ꢀ

ȈȕȒȣȟȕȐ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǮȇȖȇȋ .

ȀȓȐȠȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɍɨɪɧ

ǿȐȭȧȓțțȎȭ ꢀ

ǾȖȚȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ȼɢɫɥɚ

ǽȜșȪȦȎ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ - ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

ɉɨɡɧɚɧɶ

Ȼɟɪɟɫɬɶɟ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɤɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɨ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

Ɍɭɪɨɜ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ȼɚɪɲɚɜɚ

Ʌɨɞɡɶ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

Ʌɟɣɩɰɢɝ

Ʌɢɝɧɢɰɚ

ȼɪɨɰɥɚɜ

Ⱦɪɟɡɞɟɧ

ɐɜɢɤɚɭ

Ʌɸɛɥɢɧ

ɋɚɧɞɨɦɢɪ

Ʉɪɚɤɨɜ

Ɉɫɬɪɚɜɚ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼɨɥɵɧɫɤɢɣ

ɂɡɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ɉɪɚɝɚ

ɉɥɶɡɟɧɶ

ȅȓȣȖȭ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ɤɧɹɠɟ

Ǵȇ ꢀ ȖȕȓȕȠȣ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȥ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ

ȔȇȖȗȇȉȒȌȔȢ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȇ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȏȜ ꢀ

ȉȔȚȑȕȉ ꢀ ǾȏȔȊȏȘ - ȜȇȔȇ .

Ƚɚɥɢɰɤɨ -

ȼɨɥɵɧɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɬɜɨ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ⱦɨɧ

Ȼɭɞɜɟɣɫ

ȍȞȜȟșȎȐ ꢀ ǰȟȓȐȜșȜȒȜȐȖȥ

DZȔȦȎȣ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ʌɢɧ

Ɂɚɥɶɰɛɭɪ

DzȎțȖȖș ꢀ ǾȜȚȎțȜȐȖȥ

DZȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȊȇȒȏȝȑȏȐ

ȉȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȗȌȑȌ ꢀ DZȇȒȑȌ

Ƚɪɚɰ

ǮȐȟȠȞȖ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

Ʌɸɛɥɹɧɚ

Ɂɚɝɪɟɛ

ůƌƌƐƋƌƖƃƋƆƃ ꢀ ƏƆƉ ꢀ ƊƌƋƁƌƉƌƀ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ŮƑƏƆ

DZȕȒȏȞȌȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȉȕȏȔȕȉ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȦ Ȗȗȏ ꢀ ȉșȕȗȍȌȔȏȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ :

DzȌșȕȖȏȘȣ ꢏꢀ 600 șȢȘ ꢃꢂ ȉȘȇȋȔȏȑȕȉ ꢂ

ǴȏȑȕȒȇȐ ꢀ DZȇȗȇȓȎȏȔ : 300 șȢȘ ꢃꢂ ȉȘȇȋȔȏȑȕȉ

ǯ ꢀ șȕ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȕȌ ꢀ ² ȔȌȉȕȎȓȕȍȔȕ ꢂꢀ ꢅꢁꢁꢂ șȢȘ ꢃꢂ ȉȘȇȋȔȏȑȕȉ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȕȉ ꢀ ² ȖȕȞșȏ ꢀ 1

ȓȒȔ ꢃꢂ ȒȕȟȇȋȌȐ ꢂꢀ ǫȒȦ ꢀ ȔȏȜ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȎȏȓȔȌȐ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ȔȌș ꢀ ȑȕȗȓȇ .

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȌ ꢀ ȇȉșȕȗȢ ꢏꢀ

ȕș ꢀ ꢆꢁꢂ șȢȘ ꢃꢂ ȋȕ ꢀ ꢀꢇꢁꢂ șȢȘ ꢃꢂ

ȉȘȇȋȔȏȑȕȉ .

ǴȇȏȈȕȒȌȌ ꢀ ȉȌȗȕȦșȔȕ ꢏꢀ

55 ² 60 șȢȘ ꢃꢂ ȉȘȇȋȔȏȑȕȉ ꢂ

ǷȌȘȚȗȘȢ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉȇ ꢀ ² 20 ² ꢈꢇꢂ șȢȘ ꢃꢂ

ȉȕȏȔȕȉ ꢂꢁꢀ ǷȦȎȇȔȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉȇ ² 5 ² ꢉꢂ șȢȘ ꢃꢂ

ȉȕȏȔȕȉ ꢁꢀ ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȇ ² 10

șȢȘ ꢃ

ǨȇșȚ - ȜȇȔ ꢁꢀ ǸșȇȗȏȔȔȇȦ ꢀ ȑȏșȇȐȘȑȇȦ ꢀ

ǨȇșȚ - ȜȇȔ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ șȗȕȔȌ ꢀ ǮȕȒȕșȕȐ ꢀ ȕȗȋȢ ꢁꢀ dzȏȔȏȇșȥȗȇ ꢀ XIV ȉ ꢂ

ȓȏȔȏȇșȥȗȇ ꢀ XIV ȉ ꢂ

ŮžƅƌƎƃƋƆƃ ꢀ ŮƝƅžƋƆ ꢀ şžƐƙƃƊ

ǹȓȑȓțȒȎ ꢀ ȘȎȞȠȩ ꢇ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

15.7.1240 ɇɟɜɫɤɚɹ ꢀ ɛɢɬɜɚ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ȼɨɥɠɫɤɭɸ ꢀ Ȼɭɥɝɚɪɢɸ

1236

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȞȓȟȝȡȏșȖȘȎ

ɗɫɬɵ

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɨ -

ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɭɸ ꢀ Ɋɭɫɶ

ǰȜșȔȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ǯȡșȑȎȞȖȭ

1237-1238

1239-1240

1240-1242

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ǩ ꢀ ȋȌȑȇȈȗȌ ꢀꢂꢅꢌꢃꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ

ǨȇșȢȐ ȉșȕȗȊȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ǷȦȎȇȔȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

Ʉɨɫɬɪɨɦɚ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

4.3.1238 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɪɟɤɟ ꢀ ɋɢɬɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ

5.4.1242 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɑɭɞɫɤɨɦ ꢀ ɨɡɟɪɟ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ɨɡ ꢁꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

( ȒȜ ꢀꢂꢄꢅꢃꢀ ȑȜȒȎ ꢆ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ɘɠɧɭɸ Ɋɭɫɶ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ ȐȓșȖȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɡɚɥɢɜ ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɋɢɝɚ

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

Ȼɭɥɝɚɪ

Ȼɢɥɹɪ

ɋɭɜɚɪ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ȼɟɧɝɪɢɸ ꢀ ɢ ꢀ ɉɨɥɶɲɭ

ǽȜșȜȤȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉȕ ꢁ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ǾȭȕȎțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

1.1.1238 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɩɨɞ ꢀ Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɨɣ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

ǿȚȜșȓțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɪɟ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

ɥɶ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ꢀ ɫɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ

ǨȇșȢȐ ȖȕșȗȌȈȕȉȇȒ ꢀ

ȋȌȘȦșȏȔȢ ꢀ ªȉ ꢁ ȒȥȋȌȜ ,

ȏ ꢁ ȉ ꢁ ȑȔȦȎȌȜ ꢂꢁ ȏ ꢁ ȉ ꢁ

ȑȕȔȏȜ« .

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

Ʉɟɧɢɝɫɛɟɪɝ

Ƚɞɚɧɶɫɤ

ǾȡȟȪ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

ȀȓȐȠȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɍɨɪɧ

ǿȐȭȧȓțțȎȭ ꢀ

ǾȖȚȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒ -

ǿȓȐȓȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ȼɢɫɥɚ

ǽȜșȪȦȎ

1236

1237-1238

ɉɨɡɧɚɧɶ

ȅȓȞțȖȑȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ȼɟɪɟɫɬɶɟ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

Ɍɭɪɨɜ

ȼɚɪɲɚɜɚ

Ʌɨɞɡɶ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

Ʌɢɝɧɢɰɚ

ȼɪɨɰɥɚɜ

Ʌɟɣɩɰɢɝ

Ⱦɪɟɡɞɟɧ

ɐɜɢɤɚɭ

ȁșȡȟ ꢀ DzȔȡȥȖ ꢀ

ꢁ ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ȜȞȒȎ ꢆ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

1240-1242

Ʌɸɛɥɢɧ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼɨɥɵɧɫɤɢɣ

ɂɡɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

DZȎșȖȤȘȜ -

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǷȦȎȇȔȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢀ

ȕșȉȌșȏȒȏ : ªȑȕȊȋȇ ꢁ

ȔȇȘ ꢁ ȔȌ ꢁ ȈȚȋȌș ꢂꢁ ȉȘȌ ꢁ

ȉȇȟȌ ꢁ ȈȚȋȌș« .

ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɋɚɧɞɨɦɢɪ

Ʉɪɚɤɨɜ

Ɉɫɬɪɚɜɚ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɪɚɝɚ

ɉɥɶɡɟɧɶ

ȅȓȣȖȭ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ⱦɨɧ

Ȼɭɞɜɟɣɫ

Ȼɪɧɨ

1239-1240

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ʉɨɲɢɰɟ

Ʌɢɧɰ

Ɂɚɥɶɰɛɭɪɝ

ɗɝɟɪ

ȼɟɧɚ

ɉɪɟɲɛɭɪɝ

ɗɫɬɟɪɝɨɦ

ɉɨɥɨɜɰɵ

Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɪɟɤɟ ꢀ Ʉɚɥɤɟ

31.5.1223

Ƚɪɚɰ

ǮȐȟȠȞȖȭ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ȼɭɞɚ

Ⱦɭɧɚɣ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

Ʌɸɛɥɹɧɚ

Ɂɚɝɪɟɛ

ŮžƅƌƎƃƋƆƃ ꢀ ŮƝƅžƋƆ ꢀ şžƐƙƃƊ

ǵȈȗȇȠȌȔȏȌ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȖȕȓȕȠȣȥ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȕȓȚ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȥ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȕȓȚ ꢀ ȅȗȏȥ ꢀ

ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋȕȉȏȞȚ ȔȌ ꢀ ȖȕȓȕȊȒȕ ꢅꢀ ªȅȗȣȏ ꢁ ȍȌ ꢁ Șȇȓ ꢁ ȔȌ ꢁ ȖȕȏȋȌ ꢂꢁ Ȕȏ ꢁ ȖȕȘȒȚȟȇ ȑȔȦȎȌȐ ꢁ

ȗȦȎȇȔȘȑȏȜ ꢁ ȓȕȒȈȢ ꢂꢁ Ȕȕ ꢁ Șȇȓ ꢁ ȜȕșȌ ꢁ ȕȘȕȈȣ ꢁ ȈȗȇȔȣ ꢁ Șȡșȉȕȗȏșȏ« ꢀ

ǷȦȎȇȔȣ

ȉȢȋȌȗȍȇȒȇ ꢀ

ȟȌȘșȏȋȔȌȉȔȚȥ ꢀ

ȕȘȇȋȚ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȇȒȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȗȌȎȚȒȣșȇșȌ ꢀ

ȍȌȘșȕȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȟșȚȗȓȇ ꢂ

ǩȎȦșȏȌ ꢀ ǷȦȎȇȔȏ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȌȓ ꢁ dzȏȔȏȇșȥȗȇ ꢀ

DzȏȝȌȉȕȊȕ ꢀ ȒȌșȕȖȏȘȔȕȊȕ ꢀ Șȉȕȋȇ ꢂ

ǵȈȕȗȕȔȇ ꢀ ǷȦȎȇȔȏ ꢁ

ǻȗȇȊȓȌȔș ꢀ ȋȏȕȗȇȓȢ ꢀ ǷȦȎȇȔȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȗȏȑȕ - ȇȗȜȏșȌȑșȚȗȔȕȊȕ ꢀ ȓȚȎȌȦ - ȎȇȖȕȉȌȋȔȏȑȇ

şžƐƙƃƀƌ ƋžƖƃƏƐƀƆƃ

ǹȓȑȓțȒȎ ꢀ ȘȎȞȠȩ ꢇ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

15.7.1240 ɇɟɜɫɤɚɹ ꢀ ɛɢɬɜɚ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ȼɨɥɠɫɤɭɸ ꢀ Ȼɭɥɝɚɪɢɸ

1236

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȞȓȟȝȡȏșȖȘȎ

ɗɫɬɵ

ǵȉȒȇȋȌȉ ꢀ ǷȦȎȇȔȣȥ ,

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȉșȕȗȊȒȏȘȣ ꢀ

ȉȕ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉȕ ꢁ

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɨ -

ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɭɸ ꢀ Ɋɭɫɶ

ǰȜșȔȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ǯȡșȑȎȞȖȭ

1237-1238

1239-1240

1240-1242

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ʉɨɫɬɪɨɦɚ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

4.3.1238 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɪɟɤɟ ꢀ ɋɢɬɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ

5.4.1242 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɑɭɞɫɤɨɦ ꢀ ɨɡɟɪɟ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ɨɡ ꢁꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

( ȒȜ ꢀꢂꢄꢅꢃꢀ ȑȜȒȎ ꢆ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ɘɠɧɭɸ Ɋɭɫɶ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ ȐȓșȖȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɡɚɥɢɜ ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɋɢɝɚ

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

Ȼɭɥɝɚɪ

Ȼɢɥɹɪ

ɋɭɜɚɪ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ȼɟɧɝɪɢɸ ꢀ ɢ ꢀ ɉɨɥɶɲɭ

ǽȜșȜȤȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ǾȭȕȎțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

1.1.1238 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɩɨɞ ꢀ Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɨɣ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

ǿȚȜșȓțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɪɟ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

ɥɶ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ꢀ ɫɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ

ǩ ꢀ ȕȍȌȘșȕȞȌȔȔȕȓ ꢀ

ȘȗȇȍȌȔȏȏ ꢀ Ȗȕȋ ꢀ

DZȕȒȕȓȔȕȐ ꢀ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

Ʉɟɧɢɝɫɛɟɪɝ ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

Ƚɞɚɧɶɫɤ

ǾȡȟȪ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

ȀȓȐȠȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɍɨɪɧ

ǿȐȭȧȓțțȎȭ ꢀ

ǾȖȚȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒ -

ǿȓȐȓȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ȘȚȎȋȇȒȣȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȇ ꢀ

ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȗȇȎȈȏșȢ .

ȼɢɫɥɚ

ǽȜșȪȦȎ

1236

1237-1238

ɉɨɡɧɚɧɶ

ȅȓȞțȖȑȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ȼɟɪɟɫɬɶɟ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

Ɍɭɪɨɜ

ȼɚɪɲɚɜɚ

Ʌɨɞɡɶ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

Ʌɢɝɧɢɰɚ

ȼɪɨɰɥɚɜ

Ʌɟɣɩɰɢɝ

Ⱦɪɟɡɞɟɧ

ɐɜɢɤɚɭ

ȁșȡȟ ꢀ DzȔȡȥȖ ꢀ

ꢁ ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ȜȞȒȎ ꢆ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

1240-1242

Ʌɸɛɥɢɧ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼɨɥɵɧɫɤɢɣ

ɂɡɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

DZȎșȖȤȘȜ -

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɋɚɧɞɨɦɢɪ

Ʉɪɚɤɨɜ

Ɉɫɬɪɚɜɚ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

dzȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȗȇȎȕȗȏȒȏ ꢀ

ȏ ꢀ ȘȕȍȊȒȏ ꢀ dzȕȘȑȉȚ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ

ȎȇșȌȓ ꢀ ȕȘȇȋȏȒȏ ꢀ

ɉɪɚɝɚ

ɉɥɶɡɟɧɶ

ȅȓȣȖȭ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ⱦɨɧ

Ȼɭɞɜɟɣɫ

Ȼɪɧɨ

1239-1240

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ʉɨɲɢɰɟ

Ʌɢɧɰ

Ɂɚɥɶɰɛɭɪɝ

ɗɝɟɪ

ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗ .

ȼɟɧɚ

ɉɪɟɲɛɭɪɝ

ɗɫɬɟɪɝɨɦ

ɉɨɥɨɜɰɵ

Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɪɟɤɟ ꢀ Ʉɚɥɤɟ

31.5.1223

Ƚɪɚɰ

ǮȐȟȠȞȖȭ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ȼɭɞɚ

Ⱦɭɧɚɣ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

Ʌɸɛɥɹɧɚ

Ɂɚɝɪɟɛ

ŠƅƝƐƆƃ ꢀ ŠƉžƂƆƊƆƎž ꢀ şžƐƙƃƊ

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȅȗȏȐ ꢀ ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋȕȉȏȞ ꢁꢀ ȕȘșȇȉȏȉ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȘșȕȒȏȝȌ ꢀ ȍȌȔȚ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȉȚȜ ꢀ ȘȢȔȕȉȌȐ ꢁꢀ ȕșȖȗȇȉȏȒȘȦ ꢀ ȘȕȈȏȗȇșȣ ꢀ

ȉȕȐȘȑȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȗȌȑȚ ꢀ Ǹȏșȣ ꢃ ȘȌȉȌȗȕ - ȎȇȖȇȋȔȌȌ ꢀ ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉȒȦ ).

dzȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȕȘȇȋȏȒȏ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗ ꢌꢀ țȌȉȗȇȒȦ ꢀꢂꢅꢌꢄꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀꢇꢀ țȌȉȗȇȒȦ ꢀ ȕȔȏ ꢀ ȖȗȕȒȕȓȏȒȏ ꢀ ȘșȌȔȢ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ꢃꢀ țȌȉȗȇȒȦ ꢀ

ȔȇȞȇȒȘȦ ꢀ ȟșȚȗȓ ꢂ

ǿșȚȗȓ ꢀ

ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȇ ꢀ

ȉȕȐȘȑȕȓ ꢀ

ǨȇșȢȦ ꢁꢀ

ǻȗȇȊȓȌȔș ꢀ

ȋȏȕȗȇȓȢ ꢀ

ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȏȘșȕȗȏȑȕ -

ȑȗȇȌȉȌȋȞȌȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȓȚȎȌȦ ꢀ

ªǮȕȒȕșȢȌ ꢀ

ȉȕȗȕșȇ« ꢂ

şžƐƙƃƀƌ ꢀ ƋžƖƃƏƐƀƆƃ

ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȗȇȎȕȗȌȔ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȘȕȍȍȌȔ ꢀ ȋȕșȒȇ ꢂꢀ ǺȝȌȒȌȉȟȏȌ ꢀ

ȍȏșȌȒȏ ꢁꢀ ȋȚȜȕȉȌȔȘșȉȕ ꢁꢀ

ȉȌȒȏȑȕȑȔȦȍȌȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȘȌȓȣȦ ꢀ ȖȢșȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ

ȚȑȗȢșȣȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǺȘȖȌȔȘȑȕȓ ꢀ ȘȕȈȕȗȌ ,

Ȕȕ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȉȕȗȉȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ șȚȋȇ .

ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȇ ǨȇșȢȐ

ȗȇȎȕȗȏȒ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȏȌ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋȇ ꢀ

ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȕ - ǸȚȎȋȇȒȣȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ :

ǸȚȎȋȇȒȣ , ȅȗȣȌȉ - ǶȕȒȣȘȑȕȐ ,

ǸșȇȗȕȋȚȈ , ǪȕȗȕȋȌȝ , DZȕȘșȗȕȓȚ ,

ǪȇȒȏȞ , ǺȊȒȏȞ , ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉȒȣ , ǷȕȘșȕȉ ,

ǩȕȒȕȊȋȚ , ǹȉȌȗȣ , ǩȕȒȕȑȕȒȇȓȘȑ ,

ǶȌȗȌȦȘȒȇȉȒȣ - ǮȇȒȌȘȘȑȏȐ ¬

ǶȕȞșȏ ꢀ ȋȉȌ ꢀ ȔȌȋȌȒȏ ꢀ ꢈꢅꢅꢀ țȌȉȗȇȒȦ ꢀ ²

ꢍꢀ ȓȇȗșȇ ꢉꢀ ȘȕȖȗȕșȏȉȒȦȒȘȦ ꢀ

ǿșȚȗȓ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȇ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȕȓ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȦ ꢁꢀ ǻȗȇȊȓȌȔș ꢀ ȋȏȕȗȇȓȢ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȗȏȑȕ -

ȑȗȇȌȉȌȋȞȌȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȓȚȎȌȦ ꢀ ªǮȕȒȕșȢȌ ꢀ ȉȕȗȕșȇ« ꢂ

ȔȌȈȕȒȣȟȕȐ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋ ꢀ ǹȕȗȍȕȑ .

ŮžƅƌƎƃƋƆƃ ꢀ ŮƝƅžƋƆ ꢀ şžƐƙƃƊ

ǹȓȑȓțȒȎ ꢀ ȘȎȞȠȩ ꢇ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

15.7.1240 ɇɟɜɫɤɚɹ ꢀ ɛɢɬɜɚ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ȼɨɥɠɫɤɭɸ ꢀ Ȼɭɥɝɚɪɢɸ

1236

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȞȓȟȝȡȏșȖȘȎ

ɗɫɬɵ

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɨ -

ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɭɸ ꢀ Ɋɭɫɶ

ǰȜșȔȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ǯȡșȑȎȞȖȭ

1237-1238

1239-1240

1240-1242

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ʉɨɫɬɪɨɦɚ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

4.3.1238 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɪɟɤɟ ꢀ ɋɢɬɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ

5.4.1242 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɑɭɞɫɤɨɦ ꢀ ɨɡɟɪɟ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ɨɡ ꢁꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

( ȒȜ ꢀꢂꢄꢅꢃꢀ ȑȜȒȎ ꢆ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ɘɠɧɭɸ Ɋɭɫɶ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ꢆꢀ ȓȇȗșȇ ꢀꢂꢅꢌꢄꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ ȐȓșȖȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɡɚɥɢɜ ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɋɢɝɚ

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

Ȼɭɥɝɚɪ

Ȼɢɥɹɪ

ɋɭɜɚɪ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ȼɟɧɝɪɢɸ ꢀ ɢ ꢀ ɉɨɥɶɲɭ

ǽȜșȜȤȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ǾȭȕȎțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

1.1.1238 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɩɨɞ ꢀ Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɨɣ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

ǿȚȜșȓțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɪɟ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ȉȘȖȕȓȕȊȇșȌȒȣȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȘȏȒȢ ꢀ ȉȕ ꢀ ȊȒȇȉȌ ꢀ Ș ꢀ

șȌȓȔȏȑȕȓ ꢀ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

ɥɶ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ꢀ ɫɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

Ʉɟɧɢɝɫɛɟɪɝ ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

Ƚɞɚɧɶɫɤ

ǾȡȟȪ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

ȀȓȐȠȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɍɨɪɧ

ǿȐȭȧȓțțȎȭ ꢀ

ǾȖȚȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ǨȚȗȚȔȋȇȌȓ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒ -

ǿȓȐȓȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ȕȑȗȚȍȏȒȏ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ȉȕȐȘȑȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȗ ꢁꢀ Ǹȏșȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȗȇȎȊȗȕȓȏȒȏ ꢀ ȏȜ ꢁꢀ ȜȕșȦ ꢀ

ȏ ꢀ Șȇȓȏ ꢀ ȖȕȔȌȘȒȏ ꢀ

ȘȌȗȣȌȎȔȢȌ ꢀ ȖȕșȌȗȏ ꢂ

ȼɢɫɥɚ

ǽȜșȪȦȎ

1236

1237-1238

ɉɨɡɧɚɧɶ

ȅȓȞțȖȑȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ȼɟɪɟɫɬɶɟ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

Ɍɭɪɨɜ

ȼɚɪɲɚɜɚ

Ʌɨɞɡɶ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

Ʌɢɝɧɢɰɚ

ȼɪɨɰɥɚɜ

Ʌɟɣɩɰɢɝ

Ⱦɪɟɡɞɟɧ

ɐɜɢɤɚɭ

ȁșȡȟ ꢀ DzȔȡȥȖ ꢀ

ꢁ ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ȜȞȒȎ ꢆ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

1240-1242

Ʌɸɛɥɢɧ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼɨɥɵɧɫɤɢɣ

ɂɡɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

DZȎșȖȤȘȜ -

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɋɚɧɞɨɦɢɪ

Ʉɪɚɤɨɜ

Ɉɫɬɪɚɜɚ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɪɚɝɚ

ɉɥɶɡɟɧɶ

ȅȓȣȖȭ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ⱦɨɧ

Ȼɭɞɜɟɣɫ

Ȼɪɧɨ

1239-1240

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ʉɨɲɢɰɟ

Ʌɢɧɰ

Ɂɚɥɶɰɛɭɪɝ

ɗɝɟɪ

ȼɟɧɚ

ɉɪɟɲɛɭɪɝ

ɗɫɬɟɪɝɨɦ

ɉɨɥɨɜɰɵ

Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɪɟɤɟ ꢀ Ʉɚɥɤɟ

31.5.1223

Ƚɪɚɰ

ǮȐȟȠȞȖȭ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ȼɭɞɚ

Ⱦɭɧɚɣ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

Ʌɸɛɥɹɧɚ

Ɂɚɝɪɟɛ

şƆƐƀž ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ ůƆƐƆ ꢀꢇꢀ ƊžƎƐž ꢀꢅꢆꢄꢈꢀ Ɓ ꢁ

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȅȗȏȐ ꢀ ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋȕȉȏȞ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȦȔȔȏȑ ꢀ ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋ ꢀ ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȖȕȊȏȈȒȏ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȗȕȘșȕȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ǩȇȘȏȒȣȑȕ ȖȕȖȇȒ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȖȒȌȔ .

Ƕȕ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȇȔȏȥ ꢁꢀ ǨȇșȢȐ ȖȗȌȋȒȕȍȏȒ ꢀ ǩȇȘȏȒȣȑȕ ȖȗȏȔȦșȣ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȚȥ ꢀ ȉȌȗȚ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȒȚȍȏșȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȜȇȔȘȑȕȓ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȌ ꢂꢀ

ǩȇȘȏȒȣȑȕ ȕșȑȇȎȇȒȘȦ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȚȈȏș ꢂꢀ ǩȖȕȘȒȌȋȘșȉȏȏ ꢀ ȝȌȗȑȕȉȣ ꢀ ȖȗȏȞȏȘȒȏȒȇ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȒȏȑȚ ꢀ ȘȉȦșȢȜ .

ǬȖȏȘȑȕȖ ꢀ DZȏȗȏȒȒ ꢀ ȔȇȜȕȋȏș ꢀ ȕȈȌȎȊȒȇȉȒȌȔȔȕȌ ꢀ șȌȒȕ ꢀ

ȉȌȒȏȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȦ ꢀ ȅȗȏȦ ꢀ ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋȕȉȏȞȇ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ

ȈȏșȉȢ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ Ǹȏșȏ ꢁꢀ ǼȚȋȕȍȔȏȑ ꢀ ǩȇȘȏȒȏȐ ꢀ ǩȌȗȌȠȇȊȏȔ ꢂ

ǪȏȈȌȒȣ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȦ ꢀ ǩȇȘȏȒȣȑȕ ǷȕȘșȕȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǿȌȗȏȔȘȑȕȓ ȒȌȘȚ ꢁꢀ

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ ꢂ

ūžƖƃƏƐƀƆƃ ꢀ şžƐƙƝ

ǹȓȑȓțȒȎ ꢀ ȘȎȞȠȩ ꢇ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

15.7.1240 ɇɟɜɫɤɚɹ ꢀ ɛɢɬɜɚ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ȼɨɥɠɫɤɭɸ ꢀ Ȼɭɥɝɚɪɢɸ

1236

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȞȓȟȝȡȏșȖȘȎ

ɗɫɬɵ

ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȖȕȈȌȋȢ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

Ǹȏșȏ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ

ȕȉȒȇȋȌȒȏ ꢀ ǹȕȗȍȑȕȓ

ȏ ꢀ ȋȉȏȔȚȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ .

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɨ -

ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɭɸ ꢀ Ɋɭɫɶ

ǰȜșȔȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ǯȡșȑȎȞȖȭ

1237-1238

1239-1240

1240-1242

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ʉɨɫɬɪɨɦɚ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

4.3.1238 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɪɟɤɟ ꢀ ɋɢɬɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ

5.4.1242 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɑɭɞɫɤɨɦ ꢀ ɨɡɟɪɟ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ɨɡ ꢁꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

( ȒȜ ꢀꢂꢄꢅꢃꢀ ȑȜȒȎ ꢆ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ɘɠɧɭɸ Ɋɭɫɶ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ ȐȓșȖȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɡɚɥɢɜ ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɋɢɝɚ

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

Ȼɭɥɝɚɪ

Ȼɢɥɹɪ

ɋɭɜɚɪ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ȼɟɧɝɪɢɸ ꢀ ɢ ꢀ ɉɨɥɶɲɭ

ǽȜșȜȤȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ǾȭȕȎțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

1.1.1238 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɩɨɞ ꢀ Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɨɣ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

ǿȚȜșȓțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɪɟ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

ɥɶ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ꢀ ɫɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ

ǩȕȐȘȑȕ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȦ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ

ȋȕȟȒȕ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȇ

ȖȗȏȓȌȗȔȕ ꢀꢆꢈꢈꢀ

ȉȌȗȘș ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȉȌȗȔȚȒȕ ꢀ

ȑȕȔȌȐ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȓȌȘșȇ ꢁꢀ

ȏȓȌȔȚȌȓȕȊȕ ꢀ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

Ʉɟɧɢɝɫɛɟɪɝ ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

Ƚɞɚɧɶɫɤ

ǾȡȟȪ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

ȀȓȐȠȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɍɨɪɧ

ǿȐȭȧȓțțȎȭ ꢀ

ǾȖȚȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒ -

ǿȓȐȓȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ȼɢɫɥɚ

ǽȜșȪȦȎ

1236

1237-1238

ɉɨɡɧɚɧɶ

ȅȓȞțȖȑȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ȼɟɪɟɫɬɶɟ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

Ɍɭɪɨɜ

ȼɚɪɲɚɜɚ

Ʌɨɞɡɶ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

Ʌɢɝɧɢɰɚ

ȼɪɨɰɥɚɜ

Ʌɟɣɩɰɢɝ

Ⱦɪɟɡɞɟɧ

ɐɜɢɤɚɭ

ȁșȡȟ ꢀ DzȔȡȥȖ ꢀ

ꢁ ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ȜȞȒȎ ꢆ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

1240-1242

Ʌɸɛɥɢɧ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼɨɥɵɧɫɤɢɣ

ɂɡɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

DZȎșȖȤȘȜ -

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɋɚɧɞɨɦɢɪ

Ʉɪɚɤɨɜ

Ɉɫɬɪɚɜɚ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɪɚɝɚ

ɉɥɶɡɟɧɶ

ȅȓȣȖȭ

ªǯȊȔȇȞ - ȑȗȌȘș« ꢂꢀ

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ ȈȢȒ ꢀ

ȘȖȇȘȌȔ ꢂ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ⱦɨɧ

Ȼɭɞɜɟɣɫ

Ȼɪɧɨ

1239-1240

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ʉɨɲɢɰɟ

Ʌɢɧɰ

Ɂɚɥɶɰɛɭɪɝ

ɗɝɟɪ

ȼɟɧɚ

ɉɪɟɲɛɭɪɝ

ɗɫɬɟɪɝɨɦ

ɉɨɥɨɜɰɵ

Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɪɟɤɟ ꢀ Ʉɚɥɤɟ

31.5.1223

Ƚɪɚɰ

ǮȐȟȠȞȖȭ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ȼɭɞɚ

Ⱦɭɧɚɣ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

Ʌɸɛɥɹɧɚ

Ɂɚɝɪɟɛ

ťžƁžƂƈž ꢀ ƏƍžƏƃƋƆƝ ꢀ ūƌƀƁƌƎƌƂž

ǶȗȕȋȉȏȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȚ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ǸȚȠȌȘșȉȚȌș ꢀ ȔȌȘȑȕȒȣȑȕ ꢀ ȉȌȗȘȏȐ ꢀ ȕșȉȌșȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȉȕȖȗȕȘ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȞȌȓȚ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ

ȕșȑȇȎȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ .

1 ꢄꢀ dzȕȔȊȕȒȇȓ ꢀ ȖȕȓȌȟȇȒȇ ꢀ ȔȇȞȇȉȟȇȦȘȦ ꢀ

ȗȇȘȖȚșȏȝȇ ꢁꢀ ȏȎ - Ȏȇ ꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȕȐ ꢀ ȋȕȗȕȊȏ ꢀ

ȘșȇȒȏ ꢀ ȔȌȖȗȕȌȎȍȏȓȏ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ Ȓȕȟȇȋȏ ꢀ ȉȦȎȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȊȗȦȎȏ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ ȈȗȥȜȕ ꢂ

ꢇꢄꢀ dzȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȕșȑȇȎȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ ꢁꢀ ș ꢂ ȑ ꢂꢁꢀ ȈȚȋȚȞȏ ꢀ ȘșȌȖȔȦȑȇȓȏ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ

ȘȕȈȏȗȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȘȌȒȏșȣȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȒȌȘȏȘșȕȐ ꢀ

ǸȌȉȌȗȔȕȐ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȕȖȇȘȔȕȘșȣ ꢀ Șȕ ꢀ

ȘșȕȗȕȔȢ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ȋȒȦ ꢀ ȏȜ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȇ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

ªȖȕȘȒȌȋȔȌȓȚ ꢀ ȓȕȗȥ« ꢀ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ ȚȍȌ ꢀ

ȚȘșȗȇȔȌȔȇ ꢂ

ꢌꢄꢀ dzȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȖȕȔȌȘȒȏ ꢀ ȈȕȒȣȟȏȌ ꢀ ȖȕșȌȗȏ ꢀ

ȏ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȚȉȌȗȌȔȢ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȘȉȕȏȜ ꢀ ȘȏȒȇȜ .

ǯȊȔȇȞ - ȑȗȌȘș ꢁꢀ

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȇȦ ꢀ țȕșȕȊȗȇțȏȦ ꢂ

ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ǯȊȔȇȞ - ȑȗȌȘșȇ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȗȇȎȉȌȗȔȚȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ªȕȈȒȇȉȔȚȥ ꢀ ȝȌȖȣ« ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȋȉȏȔȚȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȥȊ ꢁꢀ ȔȇȎȇȋ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȘșȌȖȏ ꢀ ȞȌȗȌȎ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȌ ꢀ ȗȇȐȕȔȢ ꢀ

ǸȓȕȒȌȔȘȑȕȊȕ ȏ ꢀ ǾȌȗȔȏȊȕȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉ .

ŬſƌƎƌƋž ꢀ ŨƌƅƃƉƚƏƈž

ǹȓȑȓțȒȎ ꢀ ȘȎȞȠȩ ꢇ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

15.7.1240 ɇɟɜɫɤɚɹ ꢀ ɛɢɬɜɚ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ȼɨɥɠɫɤɭɸ ꢀ Ȼɭɥɝɚɪɢɸ

ǸȇȓȕȌ ꢀ ȚȖȕȗȔȕȌ ꢀ

ȘȕȖȗȕșȏȉȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȇȓ ꢀ ȕȑȇȎȇȒ ꢀ

ȔȌȈȕȒȣȟȕȐ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋ ꢀ

DZȕȎȌȒȣȘȑ ,

1236

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȞȓȟȝȡȏșȖȘȎ

ɗɫɬɵ

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɨ -

ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɭɸ ꢀ Ɋɭɫɶ

ǰȜșȔȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ǯȡșȑȎȞȖȭ

1237-1238

1239-1240

1240-1242

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ʉɨɫɬɪɨɦɚ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

4.3.1238 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɪɟɤɟ ꢀ ɋɢɬɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ

5.4.1242 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɑɭɞɫɤɨɦ ꢀ ɨɡɟɪɟ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ɨɡ ꢁꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

( ȒȜ ꢀꢂꢄꢅꢃꢀ ȑȜȒȎ ꢆ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ɘɠɧɭɸ Ɋɭɫɶ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ ȐȓșȖȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɡɚɥɢɜ ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɋɢɝɚ

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

Ȼɭɥɝɚɪ

Ȼɢɥɹɪ

ɋɭɜɚɪ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ȼɟɧɝɪɢɸ ꢀ ɢ ꢀ ɉɨɥɶɲɭ

ǽȜșȜȤȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ǾȭȕȎțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

1.1.1238 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɩɨɞ ꢀ Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɨɣ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

ǿȚȜșȓțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɪɟ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ȕȘȇȍȋȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȕȋȔȏȓ ꢀ

ȏȎ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȏȜ ꢀ

ȕșȗȦȋȕȉ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȋȌȗȍȇȉȟȏȐȘȦ ꢀ ȘȌȓȣ ꢀ

ȔȌȋȌȒȣ ꢂꢀ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

ɥɶ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ꢀ ɫɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

Ʉɟɧɢɝɫɛɟɪɝ ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

Ƚɞɚɧɶɫɤ

ǾȡȟȪ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

ȀȓȐȠȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɍɨɪɧ

ǿȐȭȧȓțțȎȭ ꢀ

ǾȖȚȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒ -

ǿȓȐȓȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ȼɢɫɥɚ

ǽȜșȪȦȎ

1236

1237-1238

ɉɨɡɧɚɧɶ

ȅȓȞțȖȑȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ȼɟɪɟɫɬɶɟ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

Ɍɭɪɨɜ

ȼɚɪɲɚɜɚ

Ʌɨɞɡɶ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

Ʌɢɝɧɢɰɚ

ȼɪɨɰɥɚɜ

Ʌɟɣɩɰɢɝ

Ⱦɪɟɡɞɟɧ

ɐɜɢɤɚɭ

ȁșȡȟ ꢀ DzȔȡȥȖ ꢀ

ꢁ ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ȜȞȒȎ ꢆ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

1240-1242

Ʌɸɛɥɢɧ

ǹȕȒȣȑȕ ꢁꢀ ȑȕȊȋȇ ꢀ

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȖȕȋȉȌȎȒȏ ꢀ

ȕȘȇȋȔȢȌ ꢀ ȕȗȚȋȏȦ ꢀ

ꢈ ªȖȕȗȕȑȏ« ꢉ ꢁꢀ ȏȓ ꢀ

ȚȋȇȒȕȘȣ ꢀ ȉȎȦșȣ ꢀ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼɨɥɵɧɫɤɢɣ

ɂɡɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

DZȎșȖȤȘȜ -

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɋɚɧɞɨɦɢɪ

Ʉɪɚɤɨɜ

Ɉɫɬɪɚɜɚ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɪɚɝɚ

ɉɥɶɡɟɧɶ

ȅȓȣȖȭ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ⱦɨɧ

Ȼɭɞɜɟɣɫ

Ȼɪɧɨ

1239-1240

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ʉɨɲɢɰɟ

Ʌɢɧɰ

Ɂɚɥɶɰɛɭɪɝ

ɗɝɟɪ

ȼɟɧɚ

ɉɪɟɲɛɭɪɝ

ɗɫɬɟɪɝɨɦ

ɉɨɥɨɜɰɵ

Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɪɟɤɟ ꢀ Ʉɚɥɤɟ

31.5.1223

ªȎȒȕȐ ꢂ Ȋȕȗȕȋ« ꢃ

Ƚɪɚɰ

ǮȐȟȠȞȖȭ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ȼɭɞɚ

Ⱦɭɧɚɣ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

Ʌɸɛɥɹɧɚ

Ɂɚɝɪɟɛ

ǵȈȕȗȕȔȇ ꢀ DZȕȎȌȒȣȘȑȇ ꢁꢀ

dzȏȔȏȇșȥȗȇ ꢀ XVI ȉ ꢂꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǴȏȑȕȔȕȉȘȑȕȐ ȒȌșȕȖȏȘȏ ꢂ

ūžƖƃƏƐƀƆƃ ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ żƄƋƑƜ ꢀ ŮƑƏƚ

ǹȓȑȓțȒȎ ꢀ ȘȎȞȠȩ ꢇ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

15.7.1240 ɇɟɜɫɤɚɹ ꢀ ɛɢɬɜɚ

ǷȇȎȊȗȕȓ ꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗȕ -

ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȕȐ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

Ȥșȕȓ ꢀ ȎȇȑȕȔȞȏȒȘȦ ꢂ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ȼɨɥɠɫɤɭɸ ꢀ Ȼɭɥɝɚɪɢɸ

1236

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȞȓȟȝȡȏșȖȘȎ

ɗɫɬɵ

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɨ -

ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɭɸ ꢀ Ɋɭɫɶ

ǰȜșȔȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ǯȡșȑȎȞȖȭ

1237-1238

1239-1240

1240-1242

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ʉɨɫɬɪɨɦɚ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

4.3.1238 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɪɟɤɟ ꢀ ɋɢɬɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ

5.4.1242 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɑɭɞɫɤɨɦ ꢀ ɨɡɟɪɟ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ɨɡ ꢁꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

( ȒȜ ꢀꢂꢄꢅꢃꢀ ȑȜȒȎ ꢆ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ɘɠɧɭɸ Ɋɭɫɶ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ ȐȓșȖȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɡɚɥɢɜ ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɋɢɝɚ

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

Ȼɭɥɝɚɪ

Ȼɢɥɹɪ

ɋɭɜɚɪ

ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȔȌȈȕȒȣȟȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȖȌȗȌȗȢȉȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȓȇȗșȌ ꢀ

ꢂꢅꢌꢊꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ

ȉșȕȗȊȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ȼɟɧɝɪɢɸ ꢀ ɢ ꢀ ɉɨɥɶɲɭ

ǽȜșȜȤȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ǾȭȕȎțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

1.1.1238 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɩɨɞ ꢀ Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɨɣ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

ǿȚȜșȓțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɪɟ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

ɥɶ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ꢀ ɫɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

Ʉɟɧɢɝɫɛɟɪɝ

Ƚɞɚɧɶɫɤ

ǾȡȟȪ

ȅȍȔȚȥ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȎȇȜȉȇșȏȒȏ ꢀ

ǶȌȗȌȦȘȒȇȉȒȣ .

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

ȀȓȐȠȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɍɨɪɧ

ǿȐȭȧȓțțȎȭ ꢀ

ǾȖȚȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒ -

ǿȓȐȓȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ȼɢɫɥɚ

ǽȜșȪȦȎ

1236

1237-1238

ɉɨɡɧɚɧɶ

ȅȓȞțȖȑȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ȼɟɪɟɫɬɶɟ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

Ɍɭɪɨɜ

ȼɚɪɲɚɜɚ

Ʌɨɞɡɶ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

Ʌɢɝɧɢɰɚ

ȼɪɨɰɥɚɜ

Ʌɟɣɩɰɢɝ

Ⱦɪɟɡɞɟɧ

ɐɜɢɤɚɭ

ȁșȡȟ ꢀ DzȔȡȥȖ ꢀ

ꢁ ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ȜȞȒȎ ꢆ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

1240-1242

Ʌɸɛɥɢɧ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼɨɥɵɧɫɤɢɣ

ɂɡɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

DZȎșȖȤȘȜ -

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǩ ꢀ ȕȑșȦȈȗȌ ꢀꢂꢅꢌꢊꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ

ȖȇȒ ꢀ ǾȌȗȔȏȊȕȉ .

ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɋɚɧɞɨɦɢɪ

Ʉɪɚɤɨɜ

Ɉɫɬɪɚɜɚ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɪɚɝɚ

ɉɥɶɡɟɧɶ

ȅȓȣȖȭ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ⱦɨɧ

Ȼɭɞɜɟɣɫ

Ȼɪɧɨ

1239-1240

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ʉɨɲɢɰɟ

ǶȌȗȌȋȕȉȕȐ ꢀ ȕșȗȦȋ ꢀ

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȕȉ ꢀ ȖȕȋȕȟȌȒ ꢀ

ȑ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȚ .

Ʌɢɧɰ

Ɂɚɥɶɰɛɭɪɝ

ɗɝɟɪ

ȼɟɧɚ

ɉɪɟɲɛɭɪɝ

ɗɫɬɟɪɝɨɦ

ɉɨɥɨɜɰɵ

Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɪɟɤɟ ꢀ Ʉɚɥɤɟ

31.5.1223

Ƚɪɚɰ

ǮȐȟȠȞȖȭ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ȼɭɞɚ

Ⱦɭɧɚɣ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

Ʌɸɛɥɹɧɚ

Ɂɚɝɪɟɛ

ūžƖƃƏƐƀƆƃ ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ żƄƋƑƜ ꢀ ŮƑƏƚ

dzȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȒȕȍȏȒȏ ꢀ ȖȗȇȉȏȉȟȌȓȚ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȌ

dzȏȜȇȏȒȚ ꢀ ǾȌȗȔȏȊȕȉȘȑȕȓȚ ꢀ ȘȋȇșȣȘȦ ꢂꢀ dzȏȜȇȏȒ

ȕșȑȇȎȇȒȘȦ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȉȘȑȕȗȌ ꢀ ȈȌȍȇȒ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǩȌȔȊȗȏȥ .

DZȏȌȉ ȋȕȘșȇȒȘȦ ꢀ ǫȇȔȏȏȒȚ ꢀ ǪȇȒȏȝȑȕȓȚ ꢁꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȢȐ ꢀ

ȔȇȖȗȇȉȏȒ ꢀ șȚȋȇ ꢀ ȉȕȌȉȕȋȚ ꢀ ǫȓȏșȗȇ .

ǵȘȌȔȣȥ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢋꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȕ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȦ ȕȘȇȋȏȒȕ ꢀ DZȏȌȉ .

ǯȎ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȒȌșȕȖȏȘȏ ꢏ

ªǯ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȈȌ ȘȒȢȟȇșȏ ȕș ꢀ ȊȒȇȘȇ ꢀ ȘȑȗȏȖȌȔȣȦ ꢀ șȌȒȌȊ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢁꢀ

ȓȔȕȍȌȘșȉȇ ꢀ ȗȌȉȌȔȣȦ ȉȌȗȈȒȥȋ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȗȍȇȔȣȦ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȊȒȇȘȇ ꢀ

Șșȇȋ ꢀ ȑȕȔȣ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢂꢀ ǯ ꢀ ȈȌ ȏȘȖȕȒȔȌȔȇ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȦ ꢀ ǷȚȘȘȑȇȦ ꢀ

ȗȇșȔȢȜ« ꢂꢀ

ꢇꢀ ȋȌȑȇȈȗȦ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢋꢀ Ȋ ꢁ ꢁꢀ ȖȗȕȒȕȓȏȉ ꢀ ȘșȌȔȢ ꢁꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ

ȉȕȗȉȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋ ꢂꢀ

ǵȘȇȋȇ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȇ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȇȓȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢋꢀ Ȋ ꢁ ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ ꢂ

Ǩȕȏ ꢀ ȖȗȕȋȕȒȍȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȚȒȏȝȇȜ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȇ . ǶȕȘȒȌȋȔȏȌ ꢀ ȎȇȠȏșȔȏȑȏ ꢀ ȘȕȈȗȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ǫȌȘȦșȏȔȔȕȐ ꢀ ȝȌȗȑȉȏ .

Ƕȕ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȇȔȏȥ ꢁꢀ ȘȉȕȋȢ ꢀ ȝȌȗȑȉȏ ꢀ ȗȚȜȔȚȒȏ ꢁꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȉȢȋȌȗȍȇȉ ꢀ șȦȍȌȘșȏ ꢀ ȎȇȠȏșȔȏȑȕȉ ꢂꢀ Ǵȕ ꢀ ȘȑȕȗȌȌ ꢀ ȉȘȌȊȕ ꢁꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ

ȗȇȎȗȚȟȏȒȏ ꢀ ȝȌȗȑȕȉȣ ꢀ ªȖȕȗȕȑȇȓȏ« ꢁ

dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȉȘȇȋȔȏȑȏ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȓȏ ꢀ ȖȒȌȔȔȢȓȏ ꢁꢀ

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ ꢂ

ŠƐƌƎƄƃƋƆƃ ꢀ şžƐƙƝ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ ťžƍžƂƋƑƜ ꢀ ţƀƎƌƍƑ

ǹȓȑȓțȒȎ ꢀ ȘȎȞȠȩ ꢇ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

15.7.1240 ɇɟɜɫɤɚɹ ꢀ ɛɢɬɜɚ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ȼɨɥɠɫɤɭɸ ꢀ Ȼɭɥɝɚɪɢɸ

ǵȉȒȇȋȌȉ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȕȓ ,

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȉșȕȗȊȒȏȘȣ ꢀ

ȉȕ ꢀ ȉȒȇȋȌȔȏȦ ꢀ

1236

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȞȓȟȝȡȏșȖȘȎ

ɗɫɬɵ

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɨ -

ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɭɸ ꢀ Ɋɭɫɶ

ǰȜșȔȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ǯȡșȑȎȞȖȭ

1237-1238

1239-1240

1240-1242

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ʉɨɫɬɪɨɦɚ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

4.3.1238 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɪɟɤɟ ꢀ ɋɢɬɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ

5.4.1242 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɑɭɞɫɤɨɦ ꢀ ɨɡɟɪɟ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ɨɡ ꢁꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

( ȒȜ ꢀꢂꢄꢅꢃꢀ ȑȜȒȎ ꢆ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ɘɠɧɭɸ Ɋɭɫɶ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ǫȇȔȏȏȒȇ ꢀ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ ȐȓșȖȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɡɚɥɢɜ ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɋɢɝɚ

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

Ȼɭɥɝɚɪ

Ȼɢɥɹɪ

ɋɭɜɚɪ

ǪȇȒȏȝȑȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȕșșȚȋȇ ꢀ

² ȉ ꢀ ǶȕȒȣȟȚ ȏ ꢀ

ǩȌȔȊȗȏȥ .

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ȼɟɧɝɪɢɸ ꢀ ɢ ꢀ ɉɨɥɶɲɭ

ǽȜșȜȤȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ǾȭȕȎțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

1.1.1238 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɩɨɞ ꢀ Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɨɣ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

ǿȚȜșȓțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɪɟ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

ɥɶ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ꢀ ɫɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

Ʉɟɧɢɝɫɛɟɪɝ ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

Ƚɞɚɧɶɫɤ

ǾȡȟȪ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

ȀȓȐȠȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɍɨɪɧ

ǿȐȭȧȓțțȎȭ ꢀ

ǾȖȚȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ǩ ꢀ ȇȖȗȌȒȌ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢂꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȈȏșȉȌ ꢀ Ȗȗȏ ꢀ

DzȏȊȔȏȝȌ ꢃ ȉ ꢀ

ǶȕȒȣȟȌ , Șȓ ꢃꢂ

ȑȇȗșȚ ꢄꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ

ȗȇȎȈȏȒȏ ꢀ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒ -

ǿȓȐȓȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ȼɢɫɥɚ

ǽȜșȪȦȎ

1236

1237-1238

ɉɨɡɧɚɧɶ

ȅȓȞțȖȑȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ȼɟɪɟɫɬɶɟ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

Ɍɭɪɨɜ

ȼɚɪɲɚɜɚ

Ʌɨɞɡɶ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

Ʌɢɝɧɢɰɚ

ȼɪɨɰɥɚɜ

Ʌɟɣɩɰɢɝ

Ⱦɪɟɡɞɟɧ

ɐɜɢɤɚɭ

ȁșȡȟ ꢀ DzȔȡȥȖ ꢀ

ꢁ ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ȜȞȒȎ ꢆ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

1240-1242

Ʌɸɛɥɢɧ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼɨɥɵɧɫɤɢɣ

ɂɡɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

DZȎșȖȤȘȜ -

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɋɚɧɞɨɦɢɪ

Ʉɪɚɤɨɜ

Ɉɫɬɪɚɜɚ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɪɚɝɚ

ɉɥɶɡɟɧɶ

ȅȓȣȖȭ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ⱦɨɧ

Ȼɭɞɜɟɣɫ

Ȼɪɧɨ

1239-1240

ȕȈȡȌȋȏȔȌȔȔȕȌ ꢀ

ȉȕȐȘȑȕ ꢀ ȖȕȒȦȑȕȉ ,

ȞȌȜȕȉ ȏ ꢀ ȔȌȓȝȌȉ .

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ʉɨɲɢɰɟ

Ʌɢɧɰ

Ɂɚɥɶɰɛɭɪɝ

ɗɝɟɪ

ȼɟɧɚ

ɉɪɟɲɛɭɪɝ

ɗɫɬɟɪɝɨɦ

ɉɨɥɨɜɰɵ

Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɪɟɤɟ ꢀ Ʉɚɥɤɟ

31.5.1223

Ƚɪɚɰ

ǮȐȟȠȞȖȭ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ȼɭɞɚ

Ⱦɭɧɚɣ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

Ʌɸɛɥɹɧɚ

Ɂɚɝɪɟɛ

ŠƐƌƎƄƃƋƆƃ ꢀ şžƐƙƝ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ ťžƍžƂƋƑƜ ꢀ ţƀƎƌƍƑ

ǩ ꢀ ȈȏșȉȌ ꢀ Ȗȗȏ ꢀ dzȕȜȏ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ ȗȇȎȊȗȕȓȒȌȔȇ ꢀ ȉȌȔȊȌȗȘȑȇȦ ȇȗȓȏȦ ꢀ ȑȕȗȕȒȦ ꢀ ǨȌȒȢ ꢀ ,9 .

dzȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȉșȕȗȊȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǨȇȒȑȇȔȢ ꢁꢀ ȉȢȟȒȏ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ǧȋȗȏȇșȏȞȌȘȑȕȓȚ ꢀ ȓȕȗȥ .

ǩ ꢀ ȗȇȎȊȇȗ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȇ ꢀ ȖȗȏȟȒȇ ꢀ ȉȌȘșȣ ꢀ ȕ ꢀ ȘȓȌȗșȏ ꢀ ȜȇȔȇ ꢀ

dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȏȏ ꢀ ǺȊȤȋȤȦ .

ǺȎȔȇȉ ꢀ ȕ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȘșȕȦȠȏȜ ꢀ ȉȢȈȕȗȇȜ ꢀ ȔȕȉȕȊȕ ꢀ ȜȇȔȇ ꢁꢀ

ǨȇșȢȐ ȖȗȌȗȉȇȒ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȉȌȗȔȚȒ ꢀ ȔȇȎȇȋ ꢁꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȘșȌȖȏ ꢂ

ǬȉȗȕȖȇ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ ȘȖȇȘȌȔȇ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ªȔȕȉȢȜ ꢂ ȊȚȔȔȕȉ« ꢃꢂ

ǸȓȌȗșȣ ꢀ ǺȊȤȋȤȦ ꢁꢀ ȉȕȎȓȕȍȔȇ ꢁꢀ ȦȉȏȒȇȘȣ ꢀ Ȓȏȟȣ ꢀ

Ȗȕȉȕȋȕȓ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȖȗȌȑȗȇȠȌȔȏȥ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȇ ꢅꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȚȍȌ ꢀ

ȖȕȔȌȘȒȏ ꢀ ȈȕȒȣȟȏȌ ꢀ ȖȕșȌȗȏ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ ȖȗȌȑȗȇșȏșȣ ꢀ

ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢁꢀ ȔȇȗȚȟȏȉ ꢀ ȉȕȒȥ ꢀ ǾȏȔȊȏȘ - ȜȇȔȇ , ǨȇșȢȐ ȔȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȊ .

ǩȌȔȊȌȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȕȗȕȒȣ ꢀ ǨȌȒȇ ꢀ ,9 ꢀ ȈȌȍȏș ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȇ ꢀ

DZȇȋȇȔȇ . dzȏȔȏȇșȥȗȇ ꢀ ȘȌȗȌȋȏȔȢ ꢀ XIV ȉ ꢂ

ǹȓȑȓțȒȎ ꢀ ȘȎȞȠȩ ꢇ

Ȼɟɥɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

Ʌɚɞɨɠɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ɉɫɥɨ

ǻȜȞȐȓȑȖȭ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ

ȼɨɥɠɫɤɭɸ ꢀ Ȼɭɥɝɚɪɢɸ

1236

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

15.7.1240 ɇɟɜɫɤɚɹ ꢀ ɛɢɬɜɚ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

ɋɬɨɤɝɨɥɶɦ

ȆȐȓȤȖȭ

Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȞȓȟȝȡȏșȖȘȎ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɨ -

ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɭɸ ꢀ Ɋɭɫɶ

ɗɫɬɵ

1237-1238

1239-1240

1240-1242

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

ǰȜșȔȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ǯȡșȑȎȞȖȭ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ʉɨɫɬɪɨɦɚ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

4.3.1238 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɪɟɤɟ ꢀ ɋɢɬɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ

5.4.1242 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɑɭɞɫɤɨɦ ꢀ ɨɡɟɪɟ

ɨɡ ꢁꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ƚɟɬɟɛɨɪɝ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɘɠɧɭɸ

Ɋɭɫɶ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

( ȒȜ ꢀꢂꢄꢅꢃꢀ ȑȜȒȎ ꢆ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɡɚɥɢɜ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ ȐȓșȖȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

Ȼɭɥɝɚɪ

Ȼɢɥɹɪ

ɋɭɜɚɪ

ɉɨɯɨɞ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɵɹ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ȼɟɧɝɪɢɸ ꢀ

ɢ ꢀ ɉɨɥɶɲɭ

Ɋɢɝɚ

DzȎțȖȭ

ǽȜșȜȤȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ǾȭȕȎțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

1.1.1238 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɩɨɞ ꢀ Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɨɣ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

Ʉɨɩɟɧɝɚɝɟɧ

ǿȚȜșȓțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ȼɚɥɬɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ ɦɨɪɟ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ꢀ ɫɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

Ɇɟɦɟɥɶ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

Ʉɟɧɢɝɫɛɟɪɝ ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

Ƚɞɚɧɶɫɤ

ǾȡȟȪ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

ȀȓȐȠȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɍɨɪɧ

ǿȐȭȧȓțțȎȭ ꢀ

ǾȖȚȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒ -

ǿȓȐȓȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ȼɢɫɥɚ

ǽȜșȪȦȎ

1236

1237-1238

ɉɨɡɧɚɧɶ

ȅȓȞțȖȑȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ȼɟɪɟɫɬɶɟ

ȁșȡȟ ꢀ DzȔȡȥȖ ꢀ

ꢁ ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ȜȞȒȎ ꢆ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

Ɍɭɪɨɜ

ȼɚɪɲɚɜɚ

Ʌɨɞɡɶ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

Ʌɢɝɧɢɰɚ

ȼɪɨɰɥɚɜ

Ʌɟɣɩɰɢɝ

Ⱦɪɟɡɞɟɧ

ɐɜɢɤɚɭ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

1240-1242

Ʌɸɛɥɢɧ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼɨɥɵɧɫɤɢɣ

ɂɡɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

DZȎșȖȤȘȜ -

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɋɚɧɞɨɦɢɪ

Ʉɪɚɤɨɜ

Ɉɫɬɪɚɜɚ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɪɚɝɚ

ɉɥɶɡɟɧɶ

ȅȓȣȖȭ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ⱦɨɧ

Ȼɭɞɜɟɣɫ

Ȼɪɧɨ

1239-1240

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ʉɨɲɢɰɟ

Ʌɢɧɰ

Ɂɚɥɶɰɛɭɪɝ

Ʉɚɫɩɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ ɦɨɪɟ

ɗɝɟɪ

ȼɟɧɚ

ɉɪɟɲɛɭɪɝ

ɗɫɬɟɪɝɨɦ

ɉɨɥɨɜɰɵ

Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɪɟɤɟ ꢀ Ʉɚɥɤɟ

31.5.1223

Ƚɪɚɰ

ǮȐȟȠȞȖȭ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ȼɭɞɚ

Ⱦɭɧɚɣ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

Ʌɸɛɥɹɧɚ

Ɂɚɝɪɟɛ

Ɍɪɢɟɫɬ

Ɍɟɦɟɲɜɚɪ

Ⱦɭɧɚɣ ɑɟɪɧɨɟ ꢀ ɦɨɪɟ

Ⱥɞɪɢɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ŭƌƐƃƎƆ ꢀ ŮƑƏƆ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ ƎƃƅƑƉƚƐžƐƃ ꢀ ƋžƖƃƏƐƀƆƝ

ǷȌȎȚȒȣșȇșȢ ꢀ ȔȇȟȌȘșȉȏȦ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȦ ꢀꢈꢂꢅꢌꢃ - ꢂꢅꢆꢋꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢉꢀ ȋȒȦ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ꢏ

9 ǷȇȎȕȗȌȔȢ ꢀ ȋȌȘȦșȑȏ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋȕȉ ꢂꢀ 14 ȏȎ ꢀ ȔȏȜ ꢀ ȕȈȌȎȒȥȋȌȒȏ ꢀ ȔȇȉȘȌȊȋȇ ꢁꢀꢆꢍꢀ ȖȗȌȉȗȇșȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȘȌȒȇ ꢂ

9 Ǵȇ ꢀ ȖȕȒȉȌȑȇ ꢀ ȖȗȌȑȗȇșȏȒȕȘȣ ꢀ ȑȇȓȌȔȔȕȌ ꢀ ȘșȗȕȏșȌȒȣȘșȉȕ ꢂ

9 ǯȘȞȌȎȒȏ ꢀ ȓȔȕȊȏȌ ꢀ ȗȌȓȌȘȒȇ ꢀꢃ ȔȇȖȗȏȓȌȗ ꢁꢀ ȈȢȒȕ ꢀ ȚșȗȇȞȌȔȕ ꢀ ȚȓȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȏȎȊȕșȕȉȒȦșȣ ꢀ ȕȑȕȔȔȕȌ ꢀ ȘșȌȑȒȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȘșȌȑȒȦȔȔȚȥ ꢀ ȖȕȘȚȋȚ ꢁꢀ ȓȔȕȊȕȝȉȌșȔȚȥ ꢀ ȑȌȗȇȓȏȑȚ ꢁꢀ ȚȑȗȇȟȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȎȌȗȔȏ ꢁꢀ ȘȑȇȔȏ ꢁꢀ ȖȌȗȌȊȕȗȕȋȞȇșȕȐ ꢀ ȤȓȇȒȏ ꢄꢂ

9 ǫȗȚȊȏȌ ꢀ ȗȌȓȌȘȒȇ ꢀ ȋȌȊȗȇȋȏȗȕȉȇȒȏ ꢅꢀ ȏȎȋȌȒȏȦ ꢀ ȘșȇȒȏ ꢀ ȊȕȗȇȎȋȕ ꢀ ȊȗȚȈȌȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȗȏȓȏșȏȉȔȌȌ ꢂ ǺȖȇȋȕȑ ꢀ ȗȌȓȌȘȒȇ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ

ȉȢȎȉȇȔ ꢀ ȚȊȕȔȕȓ ꢀ ȗȌȓȌȘȒȌȔȔȏȑȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȔȌȉȕȎȓȕȍȔȕȘșȣȥ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȋȇȞȏ ꢀ ȕȖȢșȇ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȕșȝȇ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȘȢȔȚ ꢁꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȓȇȘșȌȗȇ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

ȚȞȌȔȏȑȚ ꢂꢀ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢇꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȖȇȖȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȖȕȘȕȒ ꢀ ǶȒȇȔȕ DZȇȗȖȏȔȏ ȖȗȕȌȜȇȒ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ dzȕȔȊȕȒȏȥ ȞȌȗȌȎ ꢀ

ȥȍȔȕȗȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢂꢀ ǵȔ ꢀ ȕȖȏȘȢȉȇȒ ꢀ Șȉȕȏ ꢀ ȔȇȈȒȥȋȌȔȏȦ : ªDZȕȊȋȇ ꢂ ȓȢ ꢂ ȌȜȇȒȏ ꢂ

ȞȌȗȌȎ ꢂ ȏȜ ꢂ ȎȌȓȒȥ ꢄꢂ ȓȢ ꢂ ȔȇȜȕȋȏȒȏ ꢂ ȈȌȘȞȏȘȒȌȔȔȢȌ ꢂ ȊȕȒȕȉȢ ꢂ ȏ ꢂ ȑȕȘșȏ ꢂ ȓȌȗșȉȢȜ ꢂ

ȒȥȋȌȐ ꢄꢂ ȒȌȍȇȉȟȏȌ ꢂ Ȕȇ ꢂ ȖȕȒȦȜ« ꢃ

ǸȏȒȣȔȌȌ ꢀ ȉȘȌȊȕ ꢀ ȖȕȘșȗȇȋȇȒȏ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȔȏȑȏ ( ȉȌȗȕȦșȔȕ ꢁꢀ ȈȕȒȌȌ ꢀ ȖȕȒȕȉȏȔȢ ꢀ ȏȜ ꢀ

ȖȕȊȏȈȒȏ ).

ǨȇșȢȐ ꢀꢈꢂꢅꢋꢊ -1255)

ǼȇȔ ꢀ ǺȒȚȘȇ ꢀ ǫȍȚȞȏ ꢀꢃ ǮȕȒȕșȕȐ ꢀ

ȕȗȋȢ ꢄꢀ ȉ ꢀꢆꢇꢇꢊ - ꢆꢇꢍꢍꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

dzȌȔȣȟȌ ꢀ ȉȘȌȊȕ ꢀ ȖȕȘșȗȇȋȇȒȏ ꢀ ȑȗȌȘșȣȦȔȌ , ȖȕȘȑȕȒȣȑȚ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȖȗȕȘșȕ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ

ȖȕȦȉȒȦȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȉȕ ꢀ ȓȔȕȊȏȜ ꢀ ȗȇȎȈȗȕȘȇȔȔȢȜ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ ȘșȗȇȔȌ ꢀ ȋȌȗȌȉȔȦȜ .

ůƃƀƃƎƌ - ťžƍžƂƋžƝ ꢀ ŮƑƏƚ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ XIII ƀ ꢁ

ǵȋȔȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȕ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȔȇȟȌȘșȉȏȌȓ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȑȇ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ ꢀ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ ȖȕȋȉȌȗȊȔȚșȇ ꢀ ȇȊȗȌȘȘȏȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȘȌȉȌȗȕ - ȎȇȖȇȋȌ ꢂꢀ

ǸȏȒȣȔȌȐȟȌȌ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ Ȥșȕȓ ꢀ ȗȌȊȏȕȔȌ ꢀ ² ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȗȌȘȖȚȈȒȏȑȇ ꢀ ² ȉ ꢀ ȖȌȗȉȕȐ ꢀ ȖȕȒȕȉȏȔȌ ꢀ

XIII ȉ ꢁꢀ ȘȗȇȍȇȒȇȘȣ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ǿȉȌȋȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȑȕȗȕȒȌȉȘșȉȕȓ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ DzȏȉȕȔȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȕȗȋȌȔȕȓ .

Ɉɥɨɧɟɰ

ǻȜȞȐȓȑȖȭ

Ʉɨɪɟɥɚ

Ʌɚɞɨɠɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ȼɟɥɨɟ ꢀ

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Ɉɫɥɨ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

ȆȐȓȤȖȭ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

ɇɟɜɚ

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

ɋɬɨɤɝɨɥɶɦ

ȼɨɥɯɨɜ

Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

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ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ ȕȓȚșȭ

ɗɫɬɵ

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ȼɚɥɬɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ ɦɨɪɟ

Ʉɨɫɬɪɨɦɚ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ɨ ꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

Ƚɟɬɟɛɨɪɝ

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ɨɡɟɪɨ ɉɫɤɨɜ

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Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɡɚɥɢɜ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ

ɏɨɥɦ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐ

Ʌɨɜɚɬɶ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

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DzȎțȖȭ

Ʉɨɤɟɧɝɚɭɡɟɧ

Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɚɹ ꢀ

Ⱦɜɢɧɚ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ǿȚȜșȓțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

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Ʉɨɩɟɧɝɚɝɟɧ

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Ƚɟɪɰɢɤɟ

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ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɇɟɦɟɥɶ

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ǾȭȕȎțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ȼɢɬɟɛɫɤ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

ǽȜșȜȤȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

Ʉɟɧɢɝɫɛɟɪɝ

ǿȐȭȧȓțțȎȭ ꢀ

ǾȖȚȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ȅȓȞțȖȑȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ƚɞɚɧɶɫɤ

ɉɪɭɫɫɵ

ȀȓȐȠȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ȜȞȒȎ

ǽȜșȪȦȎ

ůƃƀƃƎƌ - ťžƍžƂƋžƝ ꢀ ŮƑƏƚ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ XIII ƀ ꢁ

Ʌɚɞɨɠɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ɏɢɧɥɹɧɞɢɹ

ǶȗȕȋȕȒȍȏșȌȒȣȔȕȌ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȦ ꢀꢃ ȉ ꢀ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

1215-1236 ȊȊ ꢁꢀ Ș ꢀ

ȖȌȗȌȗȢȉȇȓȏ ꢄꢀ ȔȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȘȑȏȓ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȎȌȓ ꢀ ȦȉȒȦȒȘȦ ꢀ ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉ ꢀ

ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋȕȉȏȞ ꢀ ꢃ ȘȢȔ ꢀ

ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋȇ ꢀ ǨȕȒȣȟȕȌ ꢀ

ȊȔȌȎȋȕ ).

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

ɇɟɜɚ

ɂɠɨɪɚ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

Ȼɚɥɬɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ȼɨɥɯɨɜ

Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ȼɟɡɟɧɛɟɪɝ

ɗɫɬɥɹɧɞɢɹ ꢁ ɤ ꢀ ɚɧɢɢ ꢂ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȕȓȚșȭ

ȼɚɪɛɨɥɚ

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

ǺȍȌ ꢀ Ȗȗȏ ꢀ ȔȌȓ ꢀ ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ ꢀ

ȉȕȌȉȇȒ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȕȓ ꢀ

ȑȗȌȘșȕȔȕȘȝȌȉ ꢀ DzȏȉȕȔȘȑȏȓ ꢀ

ȕȗȋȌȔȕȓ ꢈ ǹȌȉșȕȔȘȑȏȓ ꢀ

ȕȗȋȌȔȕȓ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DzȏȉȕȔȏȏ ꢉꢁ

ɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ɉɡɟɪɨ ꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ ꢀꢂ ɘɪɶɟɜ ꢃ

Ɉ - ɜ ꢀ ɗɡɟɥɶ

ɉɫɤɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ɉɡɟɪɨ ꢀ

ȼɢɪɰ

ɒɟɥɨɧɶ

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ɉɫɤɨɜ

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Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɡɚɥɢɜ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

Ʌɨɜɚɬɶ

Ʌɢɜɨɧɢɹ

ȼɟɧɞɟɧ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢌꢆꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉ ȗȇȎȈȏȒ ꢀ

ȑȗȌȘșȕȔȕȘȝȌȉ ꢀ ȈȒȏȎ ꢀ ȅȗȣȌȉȇ ,

Ȕȕ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ Ȥșȕȓ ꢀ ȉȕȐȔȢ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ

ȖȗȌȑȗȇșȏȒȏȘȣ ꢂ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ ȜȞȒȓț

Ɋɢɝɚ

Ʉɭɪɥɹɧɞɢɹ

Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɚɹ ꢀ

Ⱦɜɢɧɚ

ǿȒȌȓ ꢀ ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉȇ ꢀ ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋȕȉȏȞȇ ꢁ

ǫȗȌȉȔȌȗȚȘȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȟȒȌȓ ꢁꢀ ȋȇșȏȗȚȌȓȢȐ ꢀ ȖȌȗȉȕȐ ꢀ ȖȕȒȕȉȏȔȕȐ ꢀ ;,,, ꢀ ȉȌȑȇ ꢂꢀ

ǶȗȏȖȏȘȢȉȇȌșȘȦ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȥ ꢀ ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉȚ ꢀ ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋȕȉȏȞȚ .

ǼȗȇȔȏșȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ dzȕȘȑȕȉȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ǵȗȚȍȌȐȔȕȐ ꢀ ȖȇȒȇșȌ ꢂꢀ

ůƃƀƃƎƌ - ťžƍžƂƋžƝ ꢀ ŮƑƏƚ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ XIII ƀ ꢁ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢌꢇꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉ ȚȌȜȇȒ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȏșȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȏȌȉ ꢃ ȇ ꢀ ȎȇșȌȓ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȊȏȈȌȒȏ ꢀ ȅȗȏȦ ꢀ ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋȕȉȏȞȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȈȏșȉȌ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

Ǹȏșȏ ꢀ ² ȉȕ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗ ). ǩ ꢀ ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȌ ȕȘșȇȒȘȦ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȏșȣ ꢀ ȥȔȢȐ ꢀ ȘȢȔ ꢀ ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉȇ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ ꢃ ȈȚȋȚȠȏȐ ꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢉ .

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢋꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȟȉȌȋȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȕȗȇȈȒȏ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȔȌȏȎȉȌȘșȔȢȓȏ ꢀ ȝȌȒȦȓȏ ꢀ ȖȗȏȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȚȘșȣȌ ꢀ ȗȌȑȏ ꢀ ǴȌȉȢ . ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ

ǴȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȒȚȞȏȉ ꢀ ȏȔțȕȗȓȇȝȏȥ ꢀ ȕȈ ꢀ Ȥșȕȓ ꢁꢀ ȉȢȋȉȏȔȚȒȘȦ ꢀ ȔȇȉȘșȗȌȞȚ ꢂ

Ʌɚɞɨɠɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

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ȆȐȓȤȖȭ

ɇɟɜɚ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

15.7.1240 ɇɟɜɫɤɚɹ ꢀ ɛɢɬɜɚ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

ɂɠɨɪɚ

ȼɨɥɯɨɜ

Ȼɚɥɬɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ɦɨɪɟ

ȼɟɡɟɧɛɟɪɝ

ɗɫɬɥɹɧɞɢɹ ꢁ ɤ ꢀ Ⱦɚɧɢɢ ꢂ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȕȓȚșȭ

ȼɚɪɛɨɥɚ

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ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ ȜȞȒȓț

Ɉɡɟɪɨ ꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ ꢀꢂ ɘɪɶɟɜ ꢃ

Ɉ - ɜ ꢀ ɗɡɟɥɶ

ɉɫɤɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ɉɡɟɪɨ ꢀ

ȼɢɪɰ

Ɉɞɟɧɩɟ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ɋɭɫɚ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

ūƃƀƏƈžƝ ꢀ ſƆƐƀž ꢀꢅꢆꢇꢉꢀ Ɓ ꢁ

ǴȌȉȘȑȇȦ ꢀ Ȉȏșȉȇ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢋꢀ Ȋ ꢁ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȋȇȍȌ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȘȕȈȗȇȒ ꢀ ȔȇȗȕȋȔȕȌ ꢀ ȕȖȕȒȞȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȔȇȖȇȒ ꢀ

Ȕȇ ꢀ ȟȉȌȋȕȉ ꢀ ȉȔȌȎȇȖȔȕ ꢁꢀ ȑȕȊȋȇ ꢀ șȌ ꢀ ȉȢȘȇȍȏȉȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȘȉȕȏȜ ꢀ ȑȕȗȇȈȒȌȐ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȚȘșȣȌ ꢀ ǯȍȕȗȢ ꢂꢀ ǿȉȌȋȢ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȗȇȎȈȏșȢ ꢂꢀ

ǸȗȇȍȌȔȏȌ ꢁꢀ ȖȗȕȏȎȕȟȌȋȟȌȌ ꢀ ꢂꢍꢀ ȏȥȒȦ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢋꢀ Ȋ ꢁ ꢁꢀ ȖȗȏȔȌȘȒȕ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȗȏȞȌȘȑȚȥ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȚ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȚ ꢁꢀ ȕȋȔȇȑȕ ꢀ ȓȔȕȊȏȌ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȗȏȑȏ ꢀ ȘȕȓȔȌȉȇȥșȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȓȇȘȟșȇȈȌ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȈȏșȉȢ .

ǴȌȉȘȑȇȦ ꢀ Ȉȏșȉȇ ꢀ ȚȖȕȓȏȔȇȌșȘȦ ꢀ

șȕȒȣȑȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȞȔȏȑȇȜ ꢁꢀ

ȘȑȇȔȋȏȔȇȉȘȑȏȌ ꢀ șȌȑȘșȢ ꢀ ȕ ꢀ ȔȌȐ ꢀ

ȔȌ ꢀ ȚȖȕȓȏȔȇȥș ꢂ

ǴȌ ꢀ ȉȖȕȒȔȌ ꢀ ȦȘȔȇ ꢀ ȓȕșȏȉȇȝȏȦ ꢀ

ȟȉȌȋȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȋȌȘȇȔșȇ ꢁꢀ

ȔȌȏȎȉȌȘșȔȕ ꢁꢀ ȑșȕ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ

ȉȕȎȊȒȇȉȒȦȒ ꢂ

ũƆƀƌƋƏƈƆƇ ꢀ ƍƌƓƌƂ ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ ūƌƀƁƌƎƌƂƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƅƃƊƉƆ

ǩȘȑȕȗȌ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȈȏșȉȢ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ȖȕȘȘȕȗȏȒȘȦ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȔȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȝȇȓȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȚȌȜȇȒ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȕșȝȚ ꢂ

ǩ ꢀ Ȥșȕ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȦ ꢀ ȇȑșȏȉȏȎȏȗȕȉȇȒȘȦ ꢀ DzȏȉȕȔȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȕȗȋȌȔ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȋȞȏȔȏȉȟȏȐ ꢀ ȘȌȈȌ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢀ ȥȍȔȕȊȕ ꢀ ȖȕȈȌȗȌȍȣȦ ꢀ

ǻȏȔȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȎȇȒȏȉȇ . ǴȌȓȝȢ ꢀ ȎȇȜȉȇșȏȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢋꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǯȎȈȕȗȘȑ ȏ ꢀ ǶȘȑȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȢȐ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȘȋȇȔ ꢀ ȈȌȎ ꢀ ȈȕȗȣȈȢ ꢂꢀ

ǶȘȑȕȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȖȕȘȇȋȔȏȑ ꢀ ȕșȑȗȢȒ ꢀ ȉȕȗȕșȇ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋȇ ꢂꢀ ǩȕȎȓȕȍȔȕ ꢁꢀ Ȥșȕ ꢀ ȕȈȡȦȘȔȦȌșȘȦ ꢀ șȌȓ ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ ǶȘȑȕȉ ȍȌȒȇȒ ꢀ

ȔȌȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȇ ꢁ

Ʌɚɞɨɠɫɤɨɟ ꢀ ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ɏɢɧɥɹɧɞɢɹ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

ȆȐȓȤȖȭ

ɇɟɜɚ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

15.7.1240 ɇɟɜɫɤɚɹ ꢀ ɛɢɬɜɚ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

ɂɠɨɪɚ

ȼɨɥɯɨɜ

Ȼɚɥɬɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ɦɨɪɟ

ȼɟɡɟɧɛɟɪɝ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȕȓȚșȭ

Ɍɺɫɨɜɨ

ɗɫɬɥɹɧɞɢɹ ꢁ ɤ ꢀ ɚɧɢɢ ꢂ

ȼɚɪɛɨɥɚ

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

ɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ ȜȞȒȓț

Ɉɡɟɪɨ ꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ ꢀꢂ ɘɪɶɟɜ ꢃ

Ɉ - ɜ ꢀ ɗɡɟɥɶ

ɉɫɤɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ɉɡɟɪɨ ꢀ

ȼɢɪɰ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ɋɭɫɚ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

Ɉɞɟɧɩɟ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

Ʌɢɜɨɧɢɹ

ǶȌȞȇșȣ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ꢀ

ǴȌȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ

ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ 1236 Ȋ ꢂ

ŞƉƃƈƏžƋƂƎ ꢀ ūƃƀƏƈƆƇ ꢀ ƍƎƌƐƆƀ ꢀ ũƆƀƌƋƏƈƌƁƌ ꢀ ƌƎƂƃƋž

ǴȇȉȏȘȒȇ ꢀ ȚȊȗȕȎȇ ꢀ ȔȌȖȕȘȗȌȋȘșȉȌȔȔȕ ꢀ Ȕȇȋ ꢀ ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȕȓ ꢂꢀ ǩ ꢀ ȤșȏȜ ꢀ ȚȘȒȕȉȏȦȜ ꢀ ȔȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȝȢ ꢀ ȉȔȕȉȣ ꢀ ȕȈȗȇșȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ

ȖȕȓȕȠȣȥ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȚ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȕȓȚ .

DZȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȖȗȏȈȢȒ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ ȏ ꢀ ȘșȗȌȓȏșȌȒȣȔȕ ꢀ ȎȇȜȉȇșȏȒ ꢀ ȑȗȌȖȕȘșȣ ꢀ DZȕȖȕȗȣȌ ꢁꢀ ȊȋȌ ꢀ ȔȌȓȝȢ ꢀ ȋȌȗȍȇȒȏ ꢀ Șȉȕȏ ꢀ

ȖȗȏȖȇȘȢ ꢂꢀ DZȗȌȖȕȘșȣ ꢀ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ ȘȗȢșȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȘșȗȕȌȔȇ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȓȏ ꢀ ȎȇȔȕȉȕ ꢂꢀ ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȤșȕȊȕ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ șȇȑ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢀ ȈȢȘșȗȕ ꢀ

ȕșȈȏȒ ꢀ ǶȘȑȕȉ ȏ ꢀ ǯȎȈȕȗȘȑ .

Ʌɚɞɨɠɫɤɨɟ ꢀ ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ɏɢɧɥɹɧɞɢɹ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

ȆȐȓȤȖȭ

ɇɟɜɚ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

15.7.1240 ɇɟɜɫɤɚɹ ꢀ ɛɢɬɜɚ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

ɂɠɨɪɚ

ȼɨɥɯɨɜ

Ȼɚɥɬɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ɦɨɪɟ

ȼɟɡɟɧɛɟɪɝ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȕȓȚșȭ

Ɍɺɫɨɜɨ

ɗɫɬɥɹɧɞɢɹ ꢁ ɤ ꢀ ɚɧɢɢ ꢂ

ȼɚɪɛɨɥɚ

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

ɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ ȜȞȒȓț

Ɉɡɟɪɨ ꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ ꢀꢂ ɘɪɶɟɜ ꢃ

Ɉ - ɜ ꢀ ɗɡɟɥɶ

ɉɫɤɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ɉɡɟɪɨ ꢀ

ȼɢɪɰ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ɋɭɫɚ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

Ɉɞɟɧɩɟ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

Ʌɢɜɨɧɢɹ

ǩȡȌȎȋ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ꢀ

ǴȌȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȉȕ ꢀ ǶȘȑȕȉ ꢁ

ǼȚȋȕȍȔȏȑ ꢀ ǩȇȒȌȔșȏȔ ꢀ

ǸȌȗȕȉ ꢂꢀ

şƆƐƀž ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ ŵƑƂƏƈƌƊ ꢀ ƌƅƃƎƃ ꢀꢅꢆꢇꢆꢀ Ɓ ꢁ

ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȕȘȉȕȈȕȍȋȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ǯȎȈȕȗȘȑȇ ȉȕȐȘȑȕ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȕșȖȗȇȉȏȒȕȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȘȌȉȌȗ ꢁꢀ ȑ ꢀ ǾȚȋȘȑȕȓȚ ꢀ

ȕȎȌȗȚ . ǴȇȉȘșȗȌȞȚ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȚ ȏȎ ꢀ ǫȌȗȖșȇ ꢀꢈ ȅȗȣȌȉȇ ꢉꢀ ȋȉȏȊȇȒȕȘȣ ꢀ ȕȘȔȕȉȔȕȌ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȕ ꢀ DzȏȉȕȔȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȕȗȋȌȔȇ ꢁ

ǶȗȌȋȘșȕȦȒȇ ꢀ ȗȌȟȇȥȠȇȦ ꢀ Ȉȏșȉȇ ꢂꢀ ǸȕȊȒȇȘȔȕ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȞȔȏȑȇȓ ꢁꢀ ȕȔȇ ꢀ ȖȗȕȏȎȕȟȒȇ ꢀ ȖȗȦȓȕ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȉȌȘȌȔȔȌȓ ꢀ ȒȣȋȚ ꢀ

ǾȚȋȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȕȎȌȗȇ ꢀ ꢍꢀ ȇȖȗȌȒȦ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢅꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȒȚȞȏȒȇ ꢀ ȉȖȕȘȒȌȋȘșȉȏȏ ꢀ ȔȌȕțȏȝȏȇȒȣȔȕȌ ꢀ ȔȇȎȉȇȔȏȌ ꢀ ªDzȌȋȕȉȕȌ ꢀ

ȖȕȈȕȏȠȌ« ꢁ

Ʌɚɞɨɠɫɤɨɟ ꢀ ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ɏɢɧɥɹɧɞɢɹ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

ȆȐȓȤȖȭ

ɇɟɜɚ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

15.7.1240 ɇɟɜɫɤɚɹ ꢀ ɛɢɬɜɚ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

ɂɠɨɪɚ

ȼɨɥɯɨɜ

Ȼɚɥɬɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ɦɨɪɟ

ȼɟɡɟɧɛɟɪɝ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȕȓȚșȭ

Ɍɺɫɨɜɨ

ɗɫɬɥɹɧɞɢɹ ꢁ ɤ ꢀ ɚɧɢɢ ꢂ

ȼɚɪɛɨɥɚ

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

ɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ ȜȞȒȓț

5.4.1242 Ȼɢɬɜɚ ꢀ ɧɚ ꢀ ɑɭɞɫɤɨɦ ꢀ ɨɡɟɪɟ ɨ ꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ ꢀꢂ ɘɪɶɟɜ ꢃ

Ɉ - ɜ ꢀ ɗɡɟɥɶ

ɉɫɤɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ɉɡɟɪɨ ꢀ

ȼɢɪɰ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ɋɭɫɚ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

Ɉɞɟɧɩɟ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

Ʌɢɜɨɧɢɹ

şƆƐƀž ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ ŵƑƂƏƈƌƊ ꢀ ƌƅƃƎƃ ꢀꢅꢆꢇꢆꢀ Ɓ ꢁ

ǩȕȐȘȑȕ ꢀ ȔȌȓȌȝȑȏȜ ꢀ ȗȢȝȇȗȌȐ ꢀ ȉȢȘșȗȕȏȒȕȘȣ ꢀ ªȘȉȏȔȣȌȐ« ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȇșȇȑȕȉȇȒ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȜ ꢀ

ȉȕȎȒȌ ꢀ ǩȕȗȕȔȣȌȊȕ ꢀ ȑȇȓȔȦ . ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȕȘȔȕȉȔȢȌ ꢀ ȘȏȒȢ ꢀ

ȘȕȘȗȌȋȕșȕȞȏȒ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ țȒȇȔȊȇȜ ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ ȖȗȏȔȌȘȒȕ ꢀ ȌȓȚ ꢀ ȗȌȟȇȥȠȌȌ ꢀ ȖȗȌȏȓȚȠȌȘșȉȕ ꢀ

ȉȕ ꢀ ȉșȕȗȕȐ ꢀ țȇȎȌ ꢀ ȈȏșȉȢ ꢂꢀ

DZȕȊȋȇ ꢀ ȔȌȓȝȢ ꢀ ȖȗȕȗȉȇȒȏ ꢀ ȝȌȔșȗ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȇ ꢁꢀ ȏȓ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȔȇȔȌȘȌȔ ꢀ Țȋȇȗ ꢀ

ȓȕȠȔȢȐ ꢀ Țȋȇȗ ꢀ Ș ꢀ țȒȇȔȊȕȉ ꢂꢀ ǴȌȓȌȝȑȏȌ ꢀ ȗȢȝȇȗȏ ꢀ ȕȈȗȇșȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȈȌȊȘșȉȕ ꢂ

ǴȌȓȌȝȑȏȌ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȞȔȏȑȏ ꢀ

ȚȖȕȓȏȔȇȥș ꢀ ȕ ꢀ

ȖȕȗȇȍȌȔȏȏ ꢀ ꢍꢀ ȇȖȗȌȒȦ ꢀ

ꢂꢅꢆꢅꢀ Ȋ ꢁ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

DzȏȉȕȔȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȜȗȕȔȏȑȌ ꢀ

ȘȑȇȎȇȔȕ ꢀ ȕ ꢀ șȕȓ ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ

ȔȌȓȌȝȑȏȌ ꢀ ȗȢȝȇȗȏ ꢀ

ȖȇȋȇȒȏ ꢀ ª Ȕȇ ꢂ șȗȇȉȚ« ꢃꢂ

ǹȇȑȏȓ ꢀ ȕȈȗȇȎȕȓ ꢁꢀ

ȉȢȎȢȉȇȌș ꢀ ȘȕȓȔȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

șȕș ꢀ țȇȑș ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ Ȉȏșȉȇ ꢀ

ȖȗȕȏȎȕȟȒȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȒȣȋȚ ꢂ

űƉƑƏ ꢀ ŢƄƑƕƆ ꢂ ťƌƉƌƐžƝ ꢀ ƌƎƂž ꢃ

ǹȌȓ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȌȔȌȓ ꢁꢀ ȉȌȗȔȚȉȟȏȘȣ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǬȉȗȕȖȚ , ǨȇșȢȐ ȕȘȔȕȉȇȒ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȔȏȎȕȉȣȦȜ ꢀ ǩȕȒȊȏ ꢀ ȝȌȔșȗ ꢀ ȘȉȕȌȊȕ ꢀ ȚȒȚȘȇ ꢀ

² Ȋȕȗȕȋ ꢀ ǸȇȗȇȐ ꢀꢈ ǸȇȗȇȐ - ǨȇșȚ ꢉꢁ

ǮȇȖȇȋȔȢȐ ꢀ ȚȒȚȘ ꢀ dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȏȏ ꢀ ȘșȇȒ ꢀ ȔȇȎȢȉȇșȣȘȦ ꢀ ǮȕȒȕșȕȐ ꢀ ǵȗȋȕȐ . ªǵȗȋȇ« ꢂ ȖȌȗȉȕȔȇȞȇȒȣȔȕ ꢀ ²

Șșȇȉȑȇ ꢀ ȜȇȔȇ ꢁꢀ ȟȇșȧȗ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȈȕȒȌȌ ꢀ ȖȕȎȋȔȌȌ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȦ ꢀ ² ȋȉȕȗȌȝ ꢂꢀ ǸȕȜȗȇȔȦȒȕȘȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ șȗȇȋȏȝȏȕȔȔȕȌ ꢀ ȔȇȎȉȇȔȏȌ ꢀ ǫȌȟș -

ȏ - DZȢȖȞȇȑ .

ȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

ǩȕȒȊȇ

Ȓȇȋȏȓȏȗ

ǾȡȟȪ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ȀȡȞȜȐȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǩȕȒȊȇ

ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ȜȞȒȎ

Ȇȏȑ

DZȏȌ

DZȎșȖȤȘ -

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

DZȇȗȇȑȕȗȚȓ

ǫȕȔ

ǫȔȌȖȗ

ȇȗȇȐ

ǧȎȕȉȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ǺȜțȑȜșȪȟȘȎȭ ꢀ ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ǧȗȇȒȣȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ǾȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ

DZȇȘȖȏȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

űƉƑƏ ꢀ ŢƄƑƕƆ ꢂ ťƌƉƌƐžƝ ꢀ ƌƎƂž ꢃ

ǹȌȗȗȏșȕȗȏȦ ꢀ ǮȕȒȕșȕȐ ꢀ ǵȗȋȢ

ȖȗȕȘșȏȗȇȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȔȏȎȕȉȣȌȉ ꢀ ǫȚȔȇȦ ȋȕ ꢀ

ȖȗȌȋȊȕȗȏȐ ꢀ ǧȒșȇȦ ȏ ꢀ ȗ ꢁꢀ ǯȗșȢȟ ꢁꢀ ȕș ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ

ȏ ꢀ ǩȕȒȍȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ǨȚȒȊȇȗȏȏ ꢁꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ ǫȌȗȈȌȔșȇ

ȏ ꢀ ǧȓȚ - ǫȇȗȣȏ .

ǨȕȒȣȟȏȔȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȔȇȘȌȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ² ȖȕȑȕȗȌȔȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȇȓȏ ꢀ șȥȗȑȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȔȇȗȕȋȢ : ȑȏȖȞȇȑȏ ꢀ

ꢃ ȖȕȒȕȉȝȢ ꢄꢁꢀ ȈȚȒȊȇȗȢ , ȕȘșȇșȑȏ ꢀ ȜȇȎȇȗ .

ǩȢȘȟȏȌ ꢀ ȘȒȕȏ ꢀ ȕȈȠȌȘșȉȇ ꢀ ȘȕȘșȇȉȒȦȒȏ ꢀ

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢂꢀ Ǵȕ ꢀ ȖȕȘșȌȖȌȔȔȕ ꢀ ȉȘȌȜ ꢀ

ȍȏșȌȒȌȐ ꢀ ǵȗȋȢ ȘșȇȒȏ ꢀ Ȏȉȇșȣ ꢀ

șȇșȇȗȇȓȏ .

ǮȕȒȕșȇȦ ꢀ ǵȗȋȇ ꢀ ȕȘșȇȉȇȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȞȇȘșȣȥ ꢀ

dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȏȏ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ

ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȣ ꢀ ȕȗȋȢȔȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȜȇȔȕȉ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ

ȑȇȊȇȔȇ ꢀ ȖȕȘșȌȖȌȔȔȕ ꢀ ȚȓȌȔȣȟȇȒȇȘȣ ꢂꢀ

űƉƑƏ ꢀ ŢƄƑƕƆ ꢂ ťƌƉƌƐžƝ ꢀ ƌƎƂž ꢃ

ǫȕ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢇꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȇȗȇȑȕȗȚȓȌ ȖȗȇȉȏȒȇ ꢀ ȉȋȕȉȇ ꢀ ǺȊȤȋȤȦ ǹȚȗȇȑȏȔȇ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢇ ² ꢂꢅꢆꢄꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢀ ² ȏȜ ꢀ ȘȢȔ ꢀ ǪȚȥȑ .

ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȘȓȌȗșȏ ꢀ ǪȚȥȑȇ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢄꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȔȕȉȢȓ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȕȓ ꢀ Ȗȕȋ ꢀ ȋȇȉȒȌȔȏȌȓ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȦ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢍꢂꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȏȎȈȗȇȔ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȘȕȥȎȔȏȑ ꢀ

dzȚȔȑȌ ꢂꢀ Ǹȇȓ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȐ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȖȗȏȎȔȇȔ ꢀ ªȘșȇȗȟȏȓ ꢂ ȉ ꢂ ȗȕȋȌ« ꢂ ȏ ꢀ ȕȘșȇȉȇȒȘȦ ꢀ ȔȌȖȕȋȑȕȔșȗȕȒȌȔ ꢀ ȝȌȔșȗȇȒȣȔȢȓ ꢀ

ȉȒȇȘșȦȓ ꢀ dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȏȏ ꢁ

ȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

ǩȕȒȊȇ

Ȓȇȋȏȓȏȗ

ǾȡȟȪ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ȀȡȞȜȐȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǩȕȒȊȇ

ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ȜȞȒȎ

Ȇȏȑ

DZȏȌ

DZȎșȖȤȘ -

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

DZȇȗȇȑȕȗȚȓ

ǫȕȔ

ǫȔȌȖȗ

ȇȗȇȐ

ǧȎȕȉȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ǺȜțȑȜșȪȟȘȎȭ ꢀ ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ǧȗȇȒȣȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ǾȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ

DZȇȘȖȏȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

űƉƑƏ ꢀ ŢƄƑƕƆ ꢂ ťƌƉƌƐžƝ ꢀ ƌƎƂž ꢃ

ǸșȌȖȔȦȑȏ - ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȘȕȈȏȗȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȍȏșȣ ꢀ ȘȗȌȋȏ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȒȌȘȕȉ ꢂꢀ ǶȕȤșȕȓȚ ꢀ ȕȔȏ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȖȕȞȏșȇȒȏ ꢀ ȚȖȗȇȉȒȦșȣ ꢀ

ȞȌȗȌȎ ꢀ ȓȌȘșȔȚȥ ꢀꢀ ȎȔȇșȣ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȒȔȕȘșȣȥ ꢀ ȎȇȉȏȘȦȠȚȥ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȔȏȜ ꢂ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢌꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȘșȇȉȑȚ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȦ ȖȗȏȌȜȇȒ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉ ꢀ ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋȕȉȏȞ ꢀ ꢃ ȕșȌȝ ꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢄꢂꢀ ǵȔ ꢀ ȖȕȒȚȞȏȒ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȜȇȔȇ ꢀ ȦȗȒȢȑ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȕȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȔȏȌ ꢁꢀ ș ꢂ Ȍ ꢂꢀ ȊȗȇȓȕșȚ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȖȗȇȉȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȉȕ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȕȓ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉȌ ꢁꢀ

ȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

ǩȕȒȊȇ

Ȓȇȋȏȓȏȗ

ǾȡȟȪ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ȀȡȞȜȐȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǩȕȒȊȇ

ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ȜȞȒȎ

Ȇȏȑ

DZȏȌ

DZȎșȖȤȘ -

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

DZȇȗȇȑȕȗȚȓ

ǫȕȔ

ǫȔȌȖȗ

ȇȗȇȐ

ǧȎȕȉȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ǺȜțȑȜșȪȟȘȎȭ ꢀ ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ǧȗȇȒȣȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ǾȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ

DZȇȘȖȏȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ŮƑƏƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƈƋƝƅƚƝ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ťƌƉƌƐžƝ ꢀ ƌƎƂž

ǩȘȒȌȋ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ șȌȓ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǸȇȗȇȐ ȘșȇȒȏ ꢀ ȖȗȏȌȎȍȇșȣ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ

ȦȗȒȢȑȇȓȏ ȋȗȚȊȏȌ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢂꢀ ǹȇȑȏȓ ꢀ ȕȈȗȇȎȕȓ ꢁꢀ

ȗȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢀ ȘșȇȒȏ ꢀ ȚșȉȌȗȍȋȇșȣȘȦ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȘȉȕȏȜ ꢀ

ȖȗȌȘșȕȒȇȜ ꢀ ȕȗȋȢȔȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȜȇȔȕȓ ꢁꢀ ȖȗȌȉȗȇșȏȉȟȏȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȜȇȔȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȘȒȚȍȌȈȔȏȑȕȉ .

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢍꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉ ꢀ ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋȕȉȏȞ ꢀ ȉȔȕȉȣ ꢀ ȖȕȌȜȇȒ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ǸȇȗȇȐ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȕșșȚȋȇ ꢀ ² ȉ ꢀ DZȇȗȇȑȕȗȚȓ . ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢇꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȘșȇȉȑȌ ꢀ

ȑȇȊȇȔȇ ꢀ ǪȚȥȑȇ ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉ ꢁꢀ ȑȇȑ ꢀ ȘșȇȉȒȌȔȔȏȑ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȦ ꢁꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ

ȕșȗȇȉȒȌȔ ꢂ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢍꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǵȗȋȚ ȖȗȏȌȜȇȒ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȦȗȒȢȑȕȓ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ǾȌȗȔȏȊȕȉȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ dzȏȜȇȏȒ ꢀ

ǾȌȗȔȏȊȕȉȘȑȏȐ ꢂꢀ ǶȕȒȚȞȏȉ ꢀ ȖȗȏȑȇȎȇȔȏȌ ꢀ ȏȘȖȕȒȔȏșȣ ꢀ

ȦȎȢȞȌȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȕȈȗȦȋ ꢀ ȕȞȏȠȌȔȏȦ ꢀꢃ ȖȗȕȐșȏ ꢀ ȓȌȍȋȚ ꢀ ȋȉȚȓȦ ꢀ

ȕȊȔȦȓȏ ꢄꢀ ȕȔ ꢀ ȗȌȟȏȒ ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȢ ꢀ șȗȌȈȚȥș ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȔȌȊȕ ꢀ

ȕșȗȌȞȣȘȦ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȖȗȇȉȕȘȒȇȉȏȦ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȕșȑȇȎȇȒȘȦ ꢂꢀ Ǯȇ ꢀ

ȆȗȒȢȑ ꢀ ȜȇȔȇ ꢀ ǹȏȓȚȗ - DZȚșȒȚȊȇ .

ǯȘșȦȎȇȔȏȌ ꢀ dzȏȜȇȏȒȇ ꢀ

Ǫȗȇȓȕșȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȖȗȇȉȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȇȗȇȈȘȑȕȓ ꢁꢀ ȔȌȖȕȉȏȔȕȉȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȚȈȏș ꢀ ȉȓȌȘșȌ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȈȕȦȗȏȔȕȓ ǾȌȗȔȏȊȕȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǵȗȋȌ ꢁꢀ

ȑȕșȕȗȇȦ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȉȢȋȇȔȇ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȕȓȚ ꢀ

dzȏȔȏȇșȥȗȇ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȒȏȝȌȉȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȎȥ ꢂꢀ 1397 Ȋ .

ȒȌșȕȖȏȘȔȢȐ ꢀ Șȉȕȋ ꢀ ;9, ꢀ ȉ ꢂ

ǻȌȋȕȗȕȓ .

ŮƑƏƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƈƋƝƅƚƝ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ťƌƉƌƐžƝ ꢀ ƌƎƂž

ǮȔȇȑȕȓ ꢀ ȜȇȔȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȉȒȇȘșȏ ꢀ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ

șȇȑȍȌ ꢀ ȖȇȐȝȎȇ ꢃ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ȌȌ ꢀ

ȏȓȌȔȕȉȇȒȏ ꢀ ȈȇȘȓȕȐ ꢄꢂꢀ ǶȇȐȝȎȢ

ȉȢȋȇȉȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȕȗȋȢȔȘȑȏȓ ꢀ

ȞȏȔȕȉȔȏȑȇȓ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȒȚȞȏȉȟȏȓ ꢀ ȕȘȕȈȢȌ ꢀ

ȖȕȒȔȕȓȕȞȏȦ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȜȇȔȇ ꢂ

ǩ ꢀ ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȖȕȒȔȕȓȕȞȏȐ ꢀ

ȕȈȒȇȋȇșȌȒȦ ꢀ ȖȇȐȝȎȢ ȋȌȒȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ

ȎȕȒȕșȇ ꢁꢀ ȘȌȗȌȈȗȇ ꢁꢀ ȓȌȋȏ ꢀ ȏȒȏ ꢀ ȋȌȗȌȉȇ ꢀ

ȏ ꢀ ȗȇȎȒȏȞȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȗȏȘȚȔȑȕȓ ꢀꢃ ȒȌȉ ꢁꢀ

ȋȗȇȑȕȔ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ș ꢂ ȋ ꢂꢄꢂꢀ

ǷȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢀ ȎȇȉȏȘȌȒȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȉȕȒȏ ꢀ

ȜȇȔȇ ꢀ șȇȑ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢁꢀ ȑȇȑ ꢀ ȕȗȋȢȔȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ȉȌȒȣȓȕȍȏ ꢂꢀ Ƕȕ ꢀ ȉȕȒȌ ꢀ ȜȇȔȇ ꢀ ȕȔȏ ꢀ

ǶȇȐȝȎȇ ꢀ XIII ȉȌȑȇ ꢁꢀ

ȓȕȊȒȏ ꢀ ȈȢșȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉȕȎȉȌȋȌȔȢ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȖȗȌȘșȕȒ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȑȇȎȔȌȔȢ ꢂ

Ǵȇ ꢀ ȖȗȇȉȕȐ ꢀ ȖȇȐȝȎȌ ȔȇȋȖȏȘȣ ꢅꢀ ªǸȏȒȕȥ ꢁ

ȉȌȞȔȕȊȕ ꢁ ǴȌȈȇ ꢁ ȏȓȦ ꢁ dzȚȔȑȤ - ȜȇȔȇ ꢁ ȋȇ ꢁ

ȈȚȋȌș ꢁ ȘȉȦșȕ« ꢀ

ǶȇȐȝȎȇ ꢀ ȜȇȔȇ ꢀ ǺȎȈȌȑȇ ꢁꢀ

ǮȕȒȕșȇȦ ꢀ ǵȗȋȇ ꢁꢀ ȖȌȗȉȇȦ ꢀ ȖȕȒȕȉȏȔȇ ꢀ XIV ȉ ꢂ

ŮƑƏƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƈƋƝƅƚƝ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ťƌƉƌƐžƝ ꢀ ƌƎƂž

ǹȓȑȓțȒȎ ꢀ ȘȎȞȠȩ ꢀ

©ǰȜȟȠȜȥțȎȭ ꢀ dzȐȞȜȝȎ ꢀ

ȝȜȟșȓ ꢀ ȕȎȐȜȓȐȎțȖȗ ꢀ

ȚȜțȑȜșȜȐª ꢇ

Ȼɟɥɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

ǷȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȔȏȓȇȒȏ ꢀ

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȕȗȦȋȑȏ , ȉ ꢀ

ȘȕȕșȉȌșȘșȉȏȏ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȢȓȏ ꢀ ȉȕȒȦ ꢀ

ȜȇȔȇ ꢀ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ ȎȇȑȕȔȕȓ , ȇ ꢀ

Ʌɚɞɨɠɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ɗɫɬɵ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȞȓȟȝȡȏșȖȘȎ

іӛӧӦӠ ࡫ ꢀ өӤӔӟӔӖӴӠӛӬԄ ꢀ Ӗ ꢀ

ӟӔӖӠӬӠӧөӬӭӠ ꢀ өӭ ꢀ іөӦөӭөӡ ꢀ өӫӚӹ ꢀ Ӗ ꢀ

ӫӛӟӮӦӷӭӔӭӛ ꢀ ӟӔӖөӛӖӔӨӠӡ ꢀ ьӔӭӹԄ

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ ɨɡ ꢁ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ɨɡ ꢁꢀ

Ʉɨɫɬɪɨɦɚ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ȈȌȘȖȗȌȑȕȘȒȕȉȔȕȌ ꢀ ȖȕȉȏȔȕȉȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȌȓȚ ꢀ ² ȈȌȎȚȘȒȕȉȔȕȐ ꢀ ȕȈȦȎȇȔȔȕȘșȣȥ ꢀ Ɋ

ȖȕȋȋȇȔȔȢȜ ꢂ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ

ȐȓșȖȘȜȓ ꢀ ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

іӛӧӦӠ ꢀ ѡөӦөӳӤөӗө ࡫ ꢀ ўӠӨӬӤөӖө Ӡ ꢀ

ѤӮӫөӖө - ѡӠӨӬӤөӗө ӤӨԄӞӛӬӭӖ ꢀ

ࢎ ьӛӦӔӨԄӛ ꢀ ѢӟӮӔӬӖӷӠ ࢏ Ӭ ࡫ ꢀӠөӧӬ ӭӹӔӧӖӠӴӠӛӬԄ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐ

Ɉɤɚ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ǽȜșȜȤȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

ǿȚȜșȓțȟȘȜȓ Ɇ ꢀ ɨɫɤɜɚ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǾȭȕȎțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

Ǹȇȓȏ ꢀ ȈȚȋȚȞȏ ꢀ ȗȇȈȇȓȏ ꢀ ȜȇȔȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȕȔȏ ꢀ

ȔȌ ꢀ ȓȕȊȒȏ ꢀ șȌȗȖȌșȣ ꢀ ȈȢȒȢȜ ꢀ Ȗȗȇȉ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ

Șȉȕȏȓȏ ꢀ ȖȕȋȋȇȔȔȢȓȏ ꢂꢀ DZ ꢀ șȕȓȚ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȎȌȐ ꢀ șȌȖȌȗȣ ꢀ ȕȑȗȚȍȇȒȏ ꢀ ȉȢȜȕȋȝȢ ꢀ

ȏȎ ꢀ ȔȏȎȟȏȜ ꢀ ȘȒȕȌȉ ꢀ ȔȇȘȌȒȌȔȏȦ ꢁꢀ

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

ȀȡȞȜȐȜ -

ǽȖțȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ǼȞȒȎ

ȅȓȞțȖȑȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɢɧɫ

Ɍɭɪɨɜ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼ ꢁ ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȜȓ

ȖȗȏȉȢȑȟȏȌ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȖȕȉȏȔȕȉȌȔȏȥ ꢂꢀ

DZȎșȖȤȘȜ

-

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ⱦɨɧ

ǹȇȑ ꢀ ȖȕȋȞȏȔȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ǵȗȋȌ ꢀ ȗȌȎȑȕ ꢀ

ȚȘȏȒȏȒȕ ꢀ ȋȌȘȖȕșȏȎȓ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȘȑȕȐ ꢀ

ȉȒȇȘșȏ ꢁ

ɚɪɚɣ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɭ

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ʉɚɫɩɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

ŮƑƏƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƈƋƝƅƚƝ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ťƌƉƌƐžƝ ꢀ ƌƎƂž

ǽȜȠȜȚȘȖ ꢀ ǰȟȓȐȜșȜȒȎ ꢀ ǯȜșȪȦȜȓ ꢀ ȑțȓȕȒȜ ꢇ

ǰȟȓȐȜșȜȒ ꢀ ǯȜșȪȦȜȓ ꢀ

DZțȓȕȒȜ ꢀꢁꢂꢂꢈꢉ -1212)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢆꢆꢊꢉ - ꢆꢇꢆꢇꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ȍȞȜȟșȎȐ ꢀ

ǸȜțȟȠȎțȠȖț ꢀ

ȌȞȖȗ ꢀ

ǿȐȭȠȜȟșȎȐ ꢀ

(1191-1246)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢆꢇꢌꢎ - ꢆꢇꢋꢉꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

(1188-1238)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢆꢇꢆꢇ - ꢆꢇꢌꢎꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

(1185-1218)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢆꢇꢆꢉ - ꢆꢇꢆꢎꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

(1196-1252)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢆꢇꢋꢉ - ꢆꢇꢋꢎꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ǺȖȣȎȖș ꢀ ȃȜȞȜȏȞȖȠ

ǷȕȘșȕȉȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȦȗȕȘȒȇȉȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȎȣȦ

ǮțȒȞȓȗ ꢀ

ǮșȓȘȟȎțȒȞ ꢀ ǻȓȐȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȍȞȜȟșȎȐ ꢀ

(1229-1248)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢆꢇꢋꢎꢀ Ȋ ꢂ

(1220-1263)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢆꢇꢍꢇ - ꢆꢇꢉꢌꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

(?-1264)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢆꢇꢋꢎ - ꢆꢇꢍꢇꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

(1230-1272)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢆꢇꢉꢌ - ꢆꢇꢊꢇꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȘȓȌȗșȏ ꢀ ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉȇ ꢀ ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋȕȉȏȞȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȇȗȇȑȕȗȚȓȌ ȉȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȖȗȌȘșȕȒ ꢀ ȎȇȔȦȒ ꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ , Ȕȕ ꢀ

ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȏȎȊȔȇȒ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȇ ȖȒȌȓȦȔȔȏȑ ꢀ dzȏȜȇȏȒ ꢀ ǼȕȗȕȈȗȏș .

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢄꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ dzȏȜȇȏȒ ꢀ ǼȕȗȕȈȗȏș ȖȕȊȏȈ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȈȏșȉȌ ꢀ Ș ꢀ Ȓȏșȕȉȝȇȓȏ ꢂꢀ ǸșȇȗȟȏȌ ꢀ ȈȗȇșȣȦ ꢀ dzȏȜȇȏȒȇ ² ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ȏ ꢀ

ǧȔȋȗȌȐ ² ȔȌȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȇ ꢀ ȖȕȌȜȇȒȏ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȦȗȒȢȑȕȓ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǸȇȗȇȐ . ǨȇșȢȐ ȔȇȖȗȇȉȏȒ ꢀ ȏȜ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȇȗȇȑȕȗȚȓ .

ŞƋƂƎƃƇ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ŞƉƃƈƏžƋƂƎ ꢀ ŽƎƌƏƉžƀƆƕƆ

ǮșȓȘȟȎțȒȞ

ȍȞȜȟșȎȐ

(1238-1246)

ǮțȒȞȓȗ

DzȌȊȌȔȋȇ ꢀ ȑȇȗșȢ ꢀ

ªǷȚȘȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǵȗȋȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȤȖȕȜȚ ꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

(1240- ꢂꢅꢇꢌꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢉ « ꢏ

Ȼɟɥɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

(1236-1252,

ɫ ꢀ ɩɟɪɟɪɵɜɚɦɢ ꢃ

ǰȎȟȖșȖȗ

ɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

ɚɞɨɝɚ

ǩȋȕȉȇ ꢀ ǪȚȥȑȇ ǵȊȚȒȣ - Ǫȇȓȏȟ

ȚșȉȌȗȋȏȒȇ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ

ȉȌȒȏȑȏȓ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȌȓ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȔȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȘȑȏȓ , ȇ ꢀ ǧȔȋȗȌȦ

ȉȌȒȏȑȏȓ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȌȓ ꢀ

(1248-1252)

ǮșȓȘȟȎțȒȞ

(1252-1263)

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȞȓȟȝȡȏșȖȘȎ

(1252-1257)

ǮȌȓȒȏ ꢁꢀ ȕȑȇȎȇȉȟȏȌȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ǮȕȒȕșȕȐ ꢀ

ȕȗȋȢ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȗȌȎȚȒȣșȇșȌ ꢀ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ǮșȓȘȟȎț Ʉɨ Ȓ ɫ Ȟ ɬɪ ꢊꢀ ɨɦɚ

ɨɡ ꢁꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ȎȇȉȕȌȉȇȔȏȐ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȦ

1255, 1257

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

ɡɚɥ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ȼɭɥɝɚɪ

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȟȘȜ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ

ǮȌȓȒȏ ꢀ ǶȕȒȕȝȑȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ

dzȏȔȘȑȕȉȕ ȏ ꢀ ǹȚȗȕȉȕ -

ǶȏȔȘȑȕȊȕ ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉ ꢀ

ꢃ ǨȌȒȇȦ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ ꢄꢁꢀ ȕȘșȇȉȟȏȌȘȦ ꢀ

ȔȌȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȢȓȏ

ɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

Ɉɤɚ

Ɋ

ȐȓșȖȘȜȓ ꢀ ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

ǽȜșȜȤȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ǿȚȜșȓțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

ȉȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȏȓ ꢂ

ǾȭȕȎțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

ǯȎȠȩȗ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

ǻȓȐȞȬ , 1252

ǴȌȋȕȉȕȒȌȔ ꢀ ȗȇȎȋȌȒȕȓ ꢀ ȕȘșȇȒȘȦ ꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȏȐ .

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

(1227-1255)

ǿȎȞȠȎȘ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

ȀȡȞȜȐȜ -

ǽȖțȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

(1255-1256)

ǯȓȞȘȓ

ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ǼȞȒȎ

ȅȓȞțȖȑȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

DZȏȌȉ ȑ ꢀ ȤșȕȓȚ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȌȔȏ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ

ȖȕȒȔȕȘșȣȥ ꢀ ȗȇȎȕȗȌȔ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȚșȗȇșȏȒ ꢀ

ȉȘȦȑȕȌ ꢀ ȎȔȇȞȌȔȏȌ ꢂꢀ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

ɭɪɨɜ

(1257-1266)

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼ ꢁ ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȜȓ

ǯȡȞȡțȒȎ

, 1258

DZȎșȖȤȘȜ

-

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

ɚɪɚɣ ꢀ Ȼɟɪɤɟ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ⱦɨɧ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ȏ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȖȕȌȜȇȒ ꢀ șȚȋȇ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ

ȔȇȖȗȇȉȏȒȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ .

ɚɪɚɣ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɭ

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ʉɚɫɩɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

DzȎțȖȖș

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

(1235-1264)

ūƃƀƎƜƃƀž ƎžƐƚ ꢀꢅꢆꢊꢆꢀ Ɓ ꢁ

ǮșȓȘȟȎțȒȞ

ȍȞȜȟșȎȐ

(1238-1246)

ǮțȒȞȓȗ

DzȌȊȌȔȋȇ ꢀ ȑȇȗșȢ ꢀ

ªǷȚȘȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǵȗȋȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȤȖȕȜȚ ꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

(1240- ꢂꢅꢇꢌꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢉ « ꢏ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢍꢋꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǧȔȋȗȌȐ ȍȌȔȏȒȘȦ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȋȕȞȌȗȏ ꢀ ȏȎȉȌȘșȔȕȊȕ ꢀ Șȉȕȏȓ ꢀ

ȔȌȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȢȓ ꢀ Ȕȗȇȉȕȓ ꢀ

ȊȇȒȏȝȑȕȊȕ ȑȔȦȎȦ ꢀ ǫȇȔȏȏȒȇ ꢀ

ǷȕȓȇȔȕȉȏȞȇ ꢂꢀ ǩȕȎȓȕȍȔȕ ꢁꢀ ȚȍȌ ꢀ

șȕȊȋȇ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢀ ȋȕȊȕȉȇȗȏȉȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȕ ꢀ

ȘȕȉȓȌȘșȔȢȜ ꢀ ȋȌȐȘșȉȏȦȜ ꢀ Ȗȗȕșȏȉ ꢀ

ǵȗȋȢ ꢁ

Ȼɟɥɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

(1236-1252,

ɫ ꢀ ɩɟɪɟɪɵɜɚɦɢ ꢃ

ǰȎȟȖșȖȗ

ɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

ɚɞɨɝɚ

(1248-1252)

ǮșȓȘȟȎțȒȞ

(1252-1263)

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȞȓȟȝȡȏșȖȘȎ

(1252-1257)

ǮȌȓȒȏ ꢁꢀ ȕȑȇȎȇȉȟȏȌȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ǮȕȒȕșȕȐ ꢀ

ȕȗȋȢ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȗȌȎȚȒȣșȇșȌ ꢀ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ʉɨɫɬɪɨɦɚ

ɨɡ ꢁꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

ǮșȓȘȟȎțȒȞ ꢊꢀ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ȎȇȉȕȌȉȇȔȏȐ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȦ

1255, 1257

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

ɡɚɥ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ȼɭɥɝɚɪ

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȟȘȜ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ

ǮȌȓȒȏ ꢀ ǶȕȒȕȝȑȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ

dzȏȔȘȑȕȉȕ ȏ ꢀ ǹȚȗȕȉȕ -

ǶȏȔȘȑȕȊȕ ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉ ꢀ

ꢃ ǨȌȒȇȦ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ ꢄꢁꢀ ȕȘșȇȉȟȏȌȘȦ ꢀ

ȔȌȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȢȓȏ

ɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

Ɉɤɚ

Ɋ

ȐȓșȖȘȜȓ ꢀ ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

ǽȜșȜȤȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ǿȚȜșȓțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

ǾȭȕȎțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

ǯȎȠȩȗ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

ǻȓȐȞȬ , 1252

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

(1227-1255)

ǿȎȞȠȎȘ

DZȕȊȋȇ ǵȊȚȒȣ - Ǫȇȓȏȟ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ

ȘȉȌȗȊȔȚșȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȕȓ ꢀ ȘșȇȒ ꢀ

ȋȗȚȍȌȘșȉȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȥ dzȚȔȑȌ ,

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȏȐ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

ȀȡȞȜȐȜ -

ǽȖțȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

(1255-1256)

ǯȓȞȘȓ

ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ǼȞȒȎ

ȅȓȞțȖȑȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

ɭɪɨɜ

(1257-1266)

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȕșȖȗȇȉȏȒȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǵȗȋȚ ꢁ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼ ꢁ ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȜȓ

ǯȡȞȡțȒȎ

, 1258

DZȎșȖȤȘȜ -

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɚɪɚɣ ꢀ Ȼɟɪɤɟ

ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȤșȕȊȕ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǧȔȋȗȌȦ

ȕȈȗȚȟȏȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȇȦ ꢀ

ȑȇȗȇșȌȒȣȔȇȦ ꢀ ȤȑȘȖȌȋȏȝȏȦ ꢀ

( ǴȌȉȗȥȌȉȇ ȗȇșȣ ꢀ ꢂꢅꢍꢅꢀ Ȋ ꢁ )

Ⱦɨɧ

ɚɪɚɣ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɭ

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ʉɚɫɩɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

DzȎțȖȖș

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

(1235-1264)

ūƃƀƎƜƃƀž ƎžƐƚ ꢀꢅꢆꢊꢆꢀ Ɓ ꢁ

ǩȕȐȘȑȇ ꢀ ǧȔȋȗȌȦ ȏ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ Ȉȗȇșȇ ꢀ

ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉȇ ȖȕșȌȗȖȌȒȏ ꢀ

ȖȕȗȇȍȌȔȏȌ ꢂꢀ ǧȔȋȗȌȐ ȈȌȍȇȒ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ǿȉȌȝȏȥ ꢁ

ǮșȓȘȟȎțȒȞ

ȍȞȜȟșȎȐ

(1238-1246)

ǮțȒȞȓȗ

DzȌȊȌȔȋȇ ꢀ ȑȇȗșȢ ꢀ

ªǷȚȘȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǵȗȋȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȤȖȕȜȚ ꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

(1240- ꢂꢅꢇꢌꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢉ « ꢏ

Ȼɟɥɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

(1236-1252,

ɫ ꢀ ɩɟɪɟɪɵɜɚɦɢ ꢃ

ǰȎȟȖșȖȗ

ɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

ɚɞɨɝɚ

(1248-1252)

ǮșȓȘȟȎțȒȞ

(1252-1263)

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȞȓȟȝȡȏșȖȘȎ

(1252-1257)

ǮȌȓȒȏ ꢁꢀ ȕȑȇȎȇȉȟȏȌȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ǮȕȒȕșȕȐ ꢀ

ȕȗȋȢ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȗȌȎȚȒȣșȇșȌ ꢀ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ʉɨɫɬɪɨɦɚ

ɨɡ ꢁꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

ǮșȓȘȟȎțȒȞ ꢊꢀ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ȎȇȉȕȌȉȇȔȏȐ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȦ

Ƕȕ ꢀ ȍȌȘșȕȑȕȘșȏ ꢀ ǴȌȉȗȥȌȉȇ ȗȇșȣ

Ȍȋȉȇ ꢀ Ȓȏ ꢀ ȚȘșȚȖȇȒȇ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȌȉȚ

ȔȇȟȌȘșȉȏȥ .

1255, 1257

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

ɡɚɥ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ȼɭɥɝɚɪ

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȟȘȜ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ

ǮȌȓȒȏ ꢀ ǶȕȒȕȝȑȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ

dzȏȔȘȑȕȉȕ ȏ ꢀ ǹȚȗȕȉȕ -

ǶȏȔȘȑȕȊȕ ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉ ꢀ

ꢃ ǨȌȒȇȦ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ ꢄꢁꢀ ȕȘșȇȉȟȏȌȘȦ ꢀ

ȔȌȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȢȓȏ

ɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

Ɉɤɚ

Ɋ

ȐȓșȖȘȜȓ ꢀ ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

ǽȜșȜȤȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ǿȚȜșȓțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

ǾȭȕȎțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

ǯȎȠȩȗ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

ǻȓȐȞȬ , 1252

ǺȞȇȘșȏȌ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȕȊȕ

ȉ ꢀ ȑȇȗȇșȌȒȣȔȕȐ ꢀ ȤȑȘȖȌȋȏȝȏȏ ꢀ

șȌȓȔȏȑȇ ꢀ ǴȌȉȗȥȦ ȕȘȖȇȗȏȉȇȌșȘȦ ꢀ

ȏȘșȕȗȏȑȇȓȏ ꢂꢀ ǶȗȦȓȕȊȕ ꢀ ȚȑȇȎȇȔȏȦ ꢀ

Ȕȇ ꢀ ȚȞȇȘșȏȌ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ȉ ꢀ

ȒȌșȕȖȏȘȦȜ ꢀ ȔȌș ꢂꢀ

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

(1227-1255)

ǿȎȞȠȎȘ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

ȀȡȞȜȐȜ -

ǽȖțȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

(1255-1256)

ǯȓȞȘȓ

ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ǼȞȒȎ

ȅȓȞțȖȑȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

ɭɪɨɜ

(1257-1266)

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼ ꢁ ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȜȓ

ǯȡȞȡțȒȎ

, 1258

DZȎșȖȤȘȜ

-

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɚɪɚɣ ꢀ Ȼɟɪɤɟ

ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ⱦɨɧ

ǹȌȓ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȓȌȔȌȌ ꢁꢀ ȏȓȌȔȔȕ ꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ȘșȇȒ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȤșȏȜ ꢀ

ȘȕȈȢșȏȦ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȏȓ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȌȓ ꢀ

ȉȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȏȓ ꢂ

ɚɪɚɣ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɭ

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ʉɚɫɩɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

DzȎțȖȖș

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ⱥɡɦɨɨɜɪɫɤɟɨɟ ꢀ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

(1235-1264)

ŮƑƏƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƈƋƝƅƚƝ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ťƌƉƌƐžƝ ꢀ ŬƎƂž

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȕȝȌȔȑȇȜ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȗȏȑȕȉ ꢏ

ǯȎ ꢀ ȑȔȏȊȏ ǻȌȋȕȗȇ ꢀ ǿȇȜȓȇȊȕȔȕȉȇ ȏ ꢀ

ǯȊȕȗȦ ꢀ ǪȗȌȑȕȉȇ ªdzȏȗ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȗȏȏ ꢏꢀ

ǯȎ ꢀ ȑȔȏȊȏ ꢀ ǫȍȕȔȇ ꢀ ǻȌȔȔȌȒȇ ªDZȗȏȎȏȘ ꢀ

ǷȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ;,,, -XV ȉȉ ꢁ « ꢏ

ȘȗȌȋȔȌȉȌȑȕȉȕȐ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ« ꢏꢀ

ªǯȓȌȔȔȕ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȐ ꢀ ȔȇȉȦȎȇȒ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȥ ꢀ

ªǸșȌȞȌȔȏȌ ꢀ șȇȑȏȜ ꢀ ȘȕȈȢșȏȐ ꢀ ȑȇȑ ꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȚ ꢀ ȗȇșȣ ꢀ Ȗȗȕșȏȉ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȦ ꢀ ǧȔȋȗȌȦ ꢁꢀ ȖȚșȌȟȌȘșȉȏȌ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǵȗȋȚ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȏ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ Șȇȓ ꢀ ȖȕȌȜȇȒ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ǵȗȋȚ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ șȚȋȇ ꢀ ȉȢȎȉȇȔ ꢂ

ȑȇȗȇșȌȒȣȔȢȐ ꢀ ȔȇȈȌȊ ꢀ ȉȕ ꢀ ȊȒȇȉȌ ꢀ Ș ꢀ

ǴȌȉȗȥȌȓ ꢁꢀ Ș ꢀ ȕȋȔȕȐ ꢀ ȘșȕȗȕȔȢ ꢁꢀ ȉȕȌȔȔȇȦ ꢀ

Ǵȇȓ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȘșȇȉȒȦȌșȘȦ ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ ȌȘȒȏ ꢀ ȈȢ ꢀ ȇȑȝȏȦ ꢀ ȓȌȍȋȚ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȖȗȏȈȢșȏȌȓ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǸȇȗȇȐ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȖȕȌȜȇȒ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ șȗȏȚȓțȇȒȣȔȢȓ ꢀ ȉȡȌȎȋȕȓ ꢀ ȉȕ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗ ꢀ ²

ǵȗȋȚ ꢁꢀ ǵȗȋȇ ꢁꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȘȏȒȚ ꢀ ȘȉȕȏȜ ꢀ ȏȔșȌȗȌȘȕȉ ꢁꢀ

Ș ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȕȐ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȞșȏ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀꢀ ȕȘșȇȉȒȦȥș ꢀ

ȉȘȌ ꢀ ȗȇȉȔȕ ꢀ ȔȇȖȗȇȉȏȒȇ ꢀ ȈȢ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ ꢀ

ȘȕȓȔȌȔȏȐ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȘȕȚȞȇȘșȏȏ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ« ꢂ ǫȇȔȏȏȒ ꢀ ǪȇȒȏȝȑȏȐ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȑȕȗȕȒȌȉȘȑȕȐ ꢀ

ȑȇȗȇșȌȒȣȔȚȥ ꢀ ȗȇșȣ ꢏ «

ȑȕȗȕȔȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȓȇȔșȏȏ ꢁꢀ ǸȗȌȋȔȌȉȌȑȕȉȢȐ ꢀ

ȌȉȗȕȖȌȐȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȜȚȋȕȍȔȏȑ ꢂ

ǵȋȔȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȕ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ǴȌȉȗȥȌȉȕȐ ȗȇșȣȥ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȐ ȔȇȖȗȇȉȏȒ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȕ ꢀ DZȚȗȌȓȘȢ Ȗȗȕșȏȉ ꢀ ǫȇȔȏȏȒȇ ꢀ ǪȇȒȏȝȑȕȊȕ .

ǷȇȘȘȞȏșȢȉȇȦ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȖȕȓȕȠȣ ꢀ ǮȇȖȇȋȇ , ǫȇȔȏȏȒ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢍꢆꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȖȗȏȔȦȒ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȖȇȖȢ ꢀ ǯȔȔȕȑȌȔșȏȦ ꢀ ,9 ꢀ ȑȕȗȕȒȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ șȏșȚȒ ꢂ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢍꢆꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǫȇȔȏȏȒ Șȉȕȏȓȏ ꢀ ȘȏȒȇȓȏ ꢀ ȗȇȎȈȏȒ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȕ ꢀ DZȚȗȌȓȘȢ ꢂꢀ ǶȕȈȌȋȏȉ ꢀ ȈȌȎ ꢀ ȖȕȓȕȠȏ ꢀ Ƿȏȓȇ , ȕȔ ꢀ șȇȑ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ

ȉȉȌȒ ꢀ ȑȇșȕȒȏȝȏȎȓ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǪȇȒȏȝȑȕ - ǩȕȒȢȔȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȌ , ȇ ꢀ Ș ꢀꢂꢅꢍꢍꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȗȉȇȒ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȖȇȖȕȐ ꢁꢀ ȘȕȜȗȇȔȏȉ ꢀ șȏșȚȒ ꢀ ªȑȕȗȕȒȦ ꢀ

ǷȚȘȏ« ꢀ ² ª Rex Russiae « ꢁ

ūžſƃƁ ꢀ şƑƎƑƋƂžƝ ꢅꢆꢊꢈꢀ Ɓ ꢁ

ǮșȓȘȟȎțȒȞ

ȍȞȜȟșȎȐ

(1238-1246)

ǮțȒȞȓȗ

DzȌȊȌȔȋȇ ꢀ ȑȇȗșȢ ꢀ

ªǷȚȘȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǵȗȋȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȤȖȕȜȚ ꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

(1240- ꢂꢅꢇꢌꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢉ « ꢏ

Ȼɟɥɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

(1236-1252,

ɫ ꢀ ɩɟɪɟɪɵɜɚɦɢ ꢃ

ǰȎȟȖșȖȗ

ɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

ɚɞɨɝɚ

(1248-1252)

ǮșȓȘȟȎțȒȞ

(1252-1263)

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȞȓȟȝȡȏșȖȘȎ

(1252-1257)

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢍꢄꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǪȇȒȏȝȑȕ -

ǩȕȒȢȔȘȑȚȥ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ ȉșȕȗȊȒȕȘȣ ꢀ

ȕȊȗȕȓȔȕȌ ꢀ ȕȗȋȢȔȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȕȓ ꢀ

ȉȕ ꢀ ȊȒȇȉȌ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȕȖȢșȔȢȓ ꢀ

ǮȌȓȒȏ ꢁꢀ ȕȑȇȎȇȉȟȏȌȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ǮȕȒȕșȕȐ ꢀ

ȕȗȋȢ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȗȌȎȚȒȣșȇșȌ ꢀ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ǮșȓȘȟȎț Ʉɨ Ȓ ɫ Ȟ ɬɪ ꢊꢀ ɨɦɚ

ɨɡ ꢁꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ȎȇȉȕȌȉȇȔȏȐ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȦ

1255, 1257

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

ɡɚɥ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ȼɭɥɝɚɪ

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȟȘȜ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ

ǮȌȓȒȏ ꢀ ǶȕȒȕȝȑȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ

dzȏȔȘȑȕȉȕ ȏ ꢀ ǹȚȗȕȉȕ -

ǶȏȔȘȑȕȊȕ ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉ ꢀ

ꢃ ǨȌȒȇȦ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ ꢄꢁꢀ ȕȘșȇȉȟȏȌȘȦ ꢀ

ȔȌȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȢȓȏ

ɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

Ɉɤɚ

Ɋ

ȐȓșȖȘȜȓ ꢀ ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

ǽȜșȜȤȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ǿȚȜșȓțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

ȕȗȋȢȔȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȖȕȒȑȕȉȕȋȝȌȓ ꢀ

ǨȚȗȚȔȋȇȌȓ .

ǾȭȕȎțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

ǯȎȠȩȗ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

ǻȓȐȞȬ , 1252

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

(1227-1255)

ǿȎȞȠȎȘ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

ǫȇȔȏȏȒ ꢁꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȏȓȌȦ ꢀ ȘȏȒ ꢀ ȋȒȦ ꢀ

ȘȕȖȗȕșȏȉȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȒȏȟȏȉȟȏȘȣ ꢀ

ȘȕȥȎȔȏȑȕȉ , ȉȢȔȚȍȋȌȔ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ

ȖȕȑȕȗȏșȣȘȦ ꢀ ǵȗȋȌ ȏ ꢀ ȘȗȢșȣ ꢀ

ȑȗȌȖȕȘșȔȢȌ ꢀ ȘșȌȔȢ ꢀ ȉȇȍȔȌȐȟȏȜ ꢀ

Ȋȕȗȕȋȕȉ ꢀ ǪȇȒȏȝȑȕ - ǩȕȒȢȔȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉȇ ꢁ

ȀȡȞȜȐȜ -

ǽȖțȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

(1255-1256)

ǯȓȞȘȓ

ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ǼȞȒȎ

ȅȓȞțȖȑȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

ɭɪɨɜ

(1257-1266)

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼ ꢁ ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȜȓ

ǯȡȞȡțȒȎ

, 1258

DZȎșȖȤȘȜ

-

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

ɚɪɚɣ ꢀ Ȼɟɪɤɟ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ⱦɨɧ

ɚɪɚɣ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɭ

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ʉɚɫɩɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

DzȎțȖȖș

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

(1235-1264)

şžƏƈžƕƃƏƐƀƌ

Ǹ ꢀ 1250- Ȝ ꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢀ ǵȗȋȇ ȘșȇȒȇ ꢀ ȔȇȖȗȇȉȒȦșȣ ꢀ

Ȕȇ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ ȋȒȦ ꢀ ȘȈȕȗȇ ꢀ ȋȇȔȏ ꢀ ȑȗȚȖȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȘȇȔȕȉȔȏȑȕȉ ꢀ ² ȈȇȘȑȇȑȕȉ .

ǨȇȘȑȇȑȏ ² ȖȗȌȋȘșȇȉȏșȌȒȏ ꢀ

ȓȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȜȇȔȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȎȇȉȕȧȉȇȔȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȎȌȓȒȦȜ ꢁꢀ ȘȈȕȗȠȏȑȏ ꢀ ȔȇȒȕȊȕȉ .

ªǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȈȇȘȑȇȑ« ꢀ ȖȗȌȈȢȉȇȒ ꢀ ȉȕ ꢀ

ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȌ ꢁꢀ ȌȓȚ ꢀ ȖȕȋȞȏȔȦȒȏȘȣ ꢀ

ȈȇȘȑȇȑȏ ꢁꢀ ȔȇȖȗȇȉȒȦȉȟȏȌȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȑȇȍȋȕȌ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉȕ ꢂꢀ ǨȇȘȑȇȑȏ ꢀ ȗȇȘȖȕȒȇȊȇȒȏ ꢀ

ȉȕȐȘȑȇȓȏ ꢁꢀ Ș ꢀ ȖȕȓȕȠȣȥ ꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȢȜ ꢀ

ȖȕȋȇȉȒȦȒȏ ꢀ ȉȕȘȘșȇȔȏȦ ꢀ ȔȇȘȌȒȌȔȏȦ .

ǶȕȎȋȔȌȌ ꢀ ȜȇȔ ꢀ ǨȌȗȑȌ ꢃ Ȉȗȇș ꢀ ǨȇșȢȦ )

ȕșȋȇȒ ꢀ ȘȈȕȗ ꢀ ȋȇȔȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȕșȑȚȖ ꢀ

ȓȚȘȚȒȣȓȇȔȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȑȚȖȝȇȓ - ȈȌȘȌȗȓȌȔȇȓ .

ǨȇȘȑȇȑȏ ꢁꢀ ǼȚȋȕȍȔȏȑ ꢀ ǸȌȗȊȌȐ ꢀ ǯȉȇȔȕȉ ꢂ

ŞƉƃƈƏžƋƂƎ ꢀ ūƃƀƏƈƆƇ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ťƌƉƌƐžƝ ꢀ ŬƎƂž

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȕȘșȇȉȇȒȘȦ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȏȓ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȎȌȓ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢍꢅ ² 1263 ȊȊ ꢁꢀ Ǵȇ ꢀ

ȖȗȕșȦȍȌȔȏȏ ꢀ ȘȉȕȌȊȕ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȕȔ ꢀ

ȖȗȕȉȕȋȏȒ ꢀ ȖȕȒȏșȏȑȚ ꢀ ȈȌȘȖȗȌȑȕȘȒȕȉȔȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȖȕȋȞȏȔȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ǵȗȋȌ .

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢍꢍꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȔȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȝȢ ꢀ ȏȎȊȔȇȒȏ ꢀ ȘȢȔȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȔȇȓȌȘșȔȏȑȇ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ǩȇȘȏȒȏȦ ȏ ꢀ ȖȗȏȎȉȇȒȏ ꢀ

Ȕȇ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ Ȉȗȇșȇ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ꢀ ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉȇ ꢀ

ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉȏȞȇ ꢁꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȢȐ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢍꢅꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȋȋȌȗȍȏȉȇȒ ꢀ

ǧȔȋȗȌȦ ꢀ ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉȏȞȇ ꢁꢀ ȖȢșȇȉȟȌȊȕȘȦ ꢀ

ȖȗȕșȏȉȕȘșȕȦșȣ ꢀ ǵȗȋȌ .

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ Ȗȗȏ ꢀ ȖȕȋȋȌȗȍȑȌ ꢀ ȔȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȘȑȏȜ ꢀ

ȈȕȦȗ ꢀ ȖȕȋȇȉȏȒ ꢀ ȉȕȘȘșȇȔȏȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȎȇȘșȇȉȏȒ ꢀ

ȔȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȝȌȉ ꢀ ȉȔȕȉȣ ꢀ ȖȗȏȔȦșȣ ꢀ ǩȇȘȏȒȏȦ ꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȕȉȏȞȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȔȏȌ ꢂ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȖȇȓȦșȔȏȑȌ ꢀ ªǹȢȘȦȞȌȒȌșȏȌ ꢀ

ǷȕȘȘȏȏ« ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǩȌȒȏȑȕȓ ꢀ

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢁꢀ

dzȏȔȏȇșȥȗȇ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȝȇȗȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ șȏșȚȒȦȗȔȏȑȇ .

ꢆꢉꢊꢇꢀ Ȋ ꢂ

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȌ ꢁꢀ ꢆꢎꢉꢇꢀ Ȋ ꢂ

ŞƉƃƈƏžƋƂƎ ꢀ ūƃƀƏƈƆƇ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ťƌƉƌƐžƝ ꢀ ŬƎƂž

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢍꢃꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǵȗȋȇ ȉȖȌȗȉȢȌ ꢀ ȖȗȕȉȌȒȇ ꢀ

Ȕȇ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ȖȌȗȌȖȏȘȣ ꢀ ȔȇȘȌȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ²

ªȞȏȘȒȕ« ꢂꢀ ǽȌȒȣ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȖȏȘȏ ꢀ ²

ȚȖȕȗȦȋȕȞȏșȣ ꢀ ȘȈȕȗ ꢀ ȋȇȔȏ ꢂꢀ

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȝȢ ꢁꢀ ȕȖȇȘȇȦȘȣ ꢀ ȗȕȘșȇ ꢀ

ªȉȢȜȕȋȇ« ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȞȏșȇȦ ꢀ ȏȘȞȏȘȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

Ȕȇȗȕȋȇ ꢀ ȈȕȊȕȖȗȕșȏȉȔȢȓ ꢁꢀ

ȊȗȌȜȕȉȔȢȓ ꢀ ȋȌȒȕȓ , ȕșȑȇȎȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ

ªȋȇșȣȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȞȏȘȒȕ« ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉȕȘȘșȇȒȏ ꢂ

ǫȇȍȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ǩȇȘȏȒȏȐ ȖȕȋȋȌȗȍȇȒ ꢀ

ȓȦșȌȍ ꢂꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ȖȗȏȈȢȒ ꢀ ȉ

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ Ș ꢀ șȇșȇȗȘȑȏȓȏ ꢀ

ªȞȏȘȒȌȔȔȏȑȇȓȏ« ȏ ꢀ ȘȚȎȋȇȒȣȘȑȏȓȏ ꢀ

ȖȕȒȑȇȓȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȗȏȔȚȋȏȒ ꢀ ȔȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȝȌȉ ꢀ

ȖȕȉȏȔȕȉȇșȣȘȦ ꢀ ȜȇȔȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȉȕȒȌ .

ŞƉƃƈƏžƋƂƎ ꢀ ūƃƀƏƈƆƇ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ťƌƉƌƐžƝ ꢀ ŬƎƂž

ǮșȓȘȟȎțȒȞ

ȍȞȜȟșȎȐ

(1238-1246)

ǮțȒȞȓȗ

DzȌȊȌȔȋȇ ꢀ ȑȇȗșȢ ꢀ

ªǷȚȘȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǵȗȋȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȤȖȕȜȚ ꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

(1240- ꢂꢅꢇꢌꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢉ « ꢏ

Ȼɟɥɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

(1236-1252,

ɫ ꢀ ɩɟɪɟɪɵɜɚɦɢ ꢃ

ǰȎȟȖșȖȗ

ɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȓȦșȌȍ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ

ȖȕȋȇȉȒȌȔ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢍꢃꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ Ș ꢀ ȕȘȕȈȕȐ ꢀ

ȍȌȘșȕȑȕȘșȣȥ ꢂꢀ

ɚɞɨɝɚ

(1248-1252)

ǮșȓȘȟȎțȒȞ

(1252-1263)

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȞȓȟȝȡȏșȖȘȎ

(1252-1257)

ǮȌȓȒȏ ꢁꢀ ȕȑȇȎȇȉȟȏȌȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ǮȕȒȕșȕȐ ꢀ

ȕȗȋȢ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȗȌȎȚȒȣșȇșȌ ꢀ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ʉɨɫɬɪɨɦɚ

ɨɡ ꢁꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

ǮșȓȘȟȎțȒȞ ꢊꢀ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ȎȇȉȕȌȉȇȔȏȐ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȦ

1255, 1257

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

ɡɚɥ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ȼɭɥɝɚɪ

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

ǸȚȠȌȘșȉȚȥș ꢀ ȘȉȌȋȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȕ ꢀ șȕȓ ꢁꢀ

Ȟșȕ ꢀ ȈȚȔșȕȉȠȏȑȇȓ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȇ ȕșȗȌȎȇȒȏ ꢀ ȔȕȘȢ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

Țȟȏ ꢂ

ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȟȘȜ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ

ǮȌȓȒȏ ꢀ ǶȕȒȕȝȑȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ

dzȏȔȘȑȕȉȕ ȏ ꢀ ǹȚȗȕȉȕ -

ǶȏȔȘȑȕȊȕ ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉ ꢀ

ꢃ ǨȌȒȇȦ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ ꢄꢁꢀ ȕȘșȇȉȟȏȌȘȦ ꢀ

ȔȌȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȢȓȏ

ɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

Ɉɤɚ

Ɋ

ȐȓșȖȘȜȓ ꢀ ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

ǽȜșȜȤȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ǿȚȜșȓțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

ǾȭȕȎțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

ǯȎȠȩȗ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

ǻȓȐȞȬ , 1252

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

(1227-1255)

ǿȎȞȠȎȘ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢇꢌꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȉȔȕȉȣ ꢀ ȉȢȎȉȇȔ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǮȕȒȕșȚȥ ꢀ

ǵȗȋȚ ȑ ꢀ ȜȇȔȚ ꢀ ǨȌȗȑȌ ( ǨȇșȢȐ

ȚȓȌȗ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢍꢍꢀ Ȋ ꢁ )

ȀȡȞȜȐȜ -

ǽȖțȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

(1255-1256)

ǯȓȞȘȓ

ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ǼȞȒȎ

ȅȓȞțȖȑȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

ɭɪɨɜ

(1257-1266)

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼ ꢁ ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȜȓ

ǯȡȞȡțȒȎ

, 1258

DZȎșȖȤȘȜ -

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

ɚɪɚɣ ꢀ Ȼɟɪɤɟ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ǵȇ ꢀ ȕȈȗȇșȔȕȓ ꢀ ȖȚșȏ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ

ȎȇȈȕȒȌȒ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ꢂꢆꢀ ȔȕȦȈȗȦ ꢀꢂꢅꢇꢌꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ

ȚȓȌȗ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǪȕȗȕȋȝȌ .

Ⱦɨɧ

ɚɪɚɣ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɭ

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ʉɚɫɩɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

DzȎțȖȖș

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

(1235-1264)

ŦƐƌƁƆ ꢀ ƏƌſƙƐƆƇ ꢀꢅꢆꢄꢋ - ꢅꢆꢌꢄꢀ ƁƁ ꢁ

ǵȗȋȢȔȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȏȊȕ

1240-1480

ǶȕȒȏșȏȞȌȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȣ

ȄȑȕȔȕȓȏȞȌȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȣ

ǵȗȋȢȔȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȜȇȔȢ ꢀ ȋȇȉȇȒȏ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦȓ ꢀ

ǷȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȉȢȔȚȍȋȌȔȢ ꢀ ȖȒȇșȏșȣ ꢀ

ȦȗȒȢȑ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȔȏȌ

ȋȇȔȣ ꢀ ( ȕȗȋȢȔȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȉȢȜȕȋ )

ǷȌȎȚȒȣșȇșȕȓ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȌȉȇ ȔȇȟȌȘșȉȏȦ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌȋȚȥȠȏȜ ꢀ ȘȕȈȢșȏȐ ꢀ ȘșȇȒȕ ꢀ ȚȘșȇȔȕȉȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȘșȇȈȏȒȣȔȕ ꢀ

ȋȌȐȘșȉȚȥȠȌȐ ꢀ ȘȏȘșȌȓȢ ꢀ ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȏ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȎȌȓȌȒȣ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ǮȕȒȕșȕȐ ꢀ ȕȗȋȢ ꢂꢀ ǶȕȋȞȌȗȑȏȉȇȦ ꢀ ȏȘȑȒȥȞȏșȌȒȣȔȕ ꢀ

ȔȌȊȇșȏȉȔȢȐ ꢀ ȜȇȗȇȑșȌȗ ꢀ ȤșȕȐ ꢀ ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȏ ꢁꢀ ȏȘșȕȗȏȑȏ ꢀ ȋȕȒȊȕȌ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȦ ꢀ ȏȘȖȕȒȣȎȕȉȇȒȏ ꢀ șȌȗȓȏȔ ꢀ ªȕȗȋȢȔȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȏȊȕ« ꢁꢀ

ǷȚȘȣ ȖȕșȌȗȦȒȇ ꢀ ȘȚȉȌȗȌȔȏșȌș ꢀ ² ȘȇȔȑȝȏȦ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȖȗȇȉȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȕșȔȢȔȌ ꢀ ȋȇȉȇȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǵȗȋȢ ȞȌȗȌȎ ꢀ ȦȗȒȢȑ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȍȌȔȏȌ ꢂꢀ ȄȑȕȔȕȓȏȞȌȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȣ ꢀ ȎȇȑȒȥȞȇȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȉȢȖȒȇșȌ ꢀ ȌȍȌȊȕȋȔȕȐ ꢀ ȋȇȔȏ ꢀ ² ȕȗȋȢȔȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ªȉȢȜȕȋȇ« ꢁ

ǩ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌȋȔȏȌ ꢀ ȊȕȋȢ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȗȏȞȌȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȔȇȚȑȌ ꢀ ȏȘȑȒȥȞȏșȌȒȣȔȕ ꢀ ȔȌȊȇșȏȉȔȢȌ ꢀ ȕȝȌȔȑȏ ꢀ ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȏ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ȕș ꢀ

ǵȗȋȢ ȘȓȌȔȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȈȕȒȌȌ ꢀ ȘȋȌȗȍȇȔȔȢȓȏ ꢂꢀ ǷȦȋ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȗȏȑȕȉ ꢀ ȖȕȋȞȌȗȑȏȉȇȥș ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ ȞȌȗȌȎ ꢀ ǵȗȋȚ ǷȚȘȣ

ȖȗȏȕȈȠȏȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȑȚȒȣșȚȗȌ ꢀ ǩȕȘșȕȑȇ ꢁꢀ șȕȗȊȕȉȢȓ ꢀ ȖȚșȦȓ ꢁꢀ ȏȋȚȠȏȓ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȚȥ ꢀ ǧȎȏȥ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ș ꢂ ȋ ꢂ

ŞƉƃƈƏžƋƂƎ ꢀ ūƃƀƏƈƆƇ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ ƌƔƃƋƈžƓ ꢀ ƆƏƐƌƎƆƈƌƀ

ǬȠȌ ꢀ ȈȕȒȌȌ ꢀ ȘȖȕȗȔȢȓ ꢀ ȉȕȖȗȕȘȕȓ ꢀ ȦȉȒȦȌșȘȦ ꢀ ȕȝȌȔȑȇ ꢀ ȔȇȘȒȌȋȏȦ ꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ² ȔȇȏȈȕȒȌȌ ꢀ ȏȎȉȌȘșȔȕȊȕ ꢀ ȋȌȦșȌȒȦ ꢀ

ȘȗȌȋȔȌȉȌȑȕȉȕȐ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȗȏȏ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ .

Ǹ ꢀ ȕȋȔȕȐ ꢀ ȘșȕȗȕȔȢ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ȕșȈȏȒ ꢀ ȇȊȗȌȘȘȏȥ ꢀ ǿȉȌȝȏȏ ȏ ꢀ

DzȏȉȕȔȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȕȗȋȌȔȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢆꢋ - ꢂꢅꢆꢅꢀ ȊȊ ꢁ ǩ ꢀ ȚȘȒȕȉȏȦȜ ꢀ ȕȋȔȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȋȇȉȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ǩȕȘșȕȑȇ ȏ ꢀ ǮȇȖȇȋȇ ȕȔ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȖȕȞȌȒ ꢀ ȘȕȥȎ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ǵȗȋȕȐ ,

ȑȕșȕȗȢȐ ꢀ ȞȇȠȌ ꢀ ȉȘȌȊȕ ꢀ șȗȇȑșȚȌșȘȦ ꢀ ȑȇȑ ꢀ ªȓȌȔȣȟȌȌ ꢂ ȏȎ ꢂ ȎȕȒ« ꢃ

Ǹ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȕȐ ꢀ ȘșȕȗȕȔȢ ꢁꢀ ȚȞȇȘșȔȏȑȏ ꢀ ȤșȕȊȕ ꢀ ȘȕȥȎȇ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȔȌȗȇȉȔȢ ꢂꢀ ǷȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ șȌȞȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȋȉȚȜ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȖȕȒȕȉȏȔȕȐ ꢀ ȉȌȑȕȉ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȉȢȔȚȍȋȌȔȢ ꢀ

ȚȔȏȍȇșȣȘȦ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȋ ꢀ ȕȗȋȢȔȘȑȏȓȏ ꢀ ȜȇȔȇȓȏ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢀ ²

ȉȢȖȒȇȞȏȉȇșȣ ꢀ ȌȍȌȊȕȋȔȚȥ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣ ꢂꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȘȢȊȗȇȒ ꢀ ȔȌȖȕȘȗȌȋȘșȉȌȔȔȚȥ ꢀ ȗȕȒȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȖȕȑȕȗȌȔȏȏ ꢀ ǵȗȋȕȐ ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȇ ² Ȋȕȗȕȋȇ ꢁꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȢȐ ꢀ ȉȕȕȈȠȌ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ

ȎȇȉȕȌȉȇȔ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȌȓ ꢁꢀ ȕȋȔȇȑȕ ꢀ șȕȍȌ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȉȢȔȚȍȋȌȔ ꢀ ȖȒȇșȏșȣ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣ ꢀ

ǶȕȊȗȌȈȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢁ

ȄȘȑȏȎ ꢀ ȗȕȘȖȏȘȏ ꢀ Ȝȗȇȓȇ ꢀ ǼȗȏȘșȇ ꢀ ǸȖȇȘȏșȌȒȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȘȕȈȢșȏȐ ꢀ 1250 ²Ȝ ꢀ ȊȊ ꢁ

dzȕȘȑȉȌ ꢂꢀ ǼȚȋȕȍȔȏȑ ꢀ ǪȌȔȗȏȜ ꢀ ǸȌȓȏȗȇȋȘȑȏȐ .

ŞƉƃƈƏžƋƂƎ ꢀ ūƃƀƏƈƆƇ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ ƌƔƃƋƈžƓ ꢀ ƆƏƐƌƎƆƈƌƀ

ǯȎ ꢀ ȑȔȏȊȏ ǻȌȋȕȗȇ ꢀ ǿȇȜȓȇȊȕȔȕȉȇ ȏ ꢀ

ǯȊȕȗȦ ꢀ ǪȗȌȑȕȉȇ ªdzȏȗ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȗȏȏ ꢏꢀ

ǷȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ;,,, - ;9 ꢀ ȉȉ ꢁ « ꢏ

ªǮȇ ꢀ ȋȉȇ ꢀ ȋȌȘȦșȏȒȌșȏȦ ꢀ ȕșȔȕȘȏșȌȒȣȔȕ ꢀ

ǯȎ ꢀ ȑȔȏȊȏ ꢀ ǫȍȕȔȇ ꢀ ǻȌȔȔȌȒȇ ªDZȗȏȎȏȘ ꢀ

ȘȖȕȑȕȐȔȕȐ ꢀ ȍȏȎȔȏ ꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗȕ - ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȇȦ ꢀ

ǷȚȘȣ ꢀ ȎȇȒȌȞȏȒȇ ꢀ ȗȇȔȢ ꢁꢀ ȕșȘșȗȕȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȌȌ ꢀ

Ȋȕȗȕȋȇ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȈȌȋȇȓȏ ꢀ Ȕȇȋ ꢀ ȏȔșȌȗȉȌȔșȇȓȏ ꢀ Ș ꢀ

ǮȇȖȇȋȇ ꢀ ȖȗȕȘȒȇȉȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȌȌ ꢀ ȖȕȒȑȏ .

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȖȕȞșȏ ꢀ ȋȕȘșȏȊ ꢀ ȘȉȕȌȐ ꢀ

ȝȌȒȏ¬ ꢀ ǨȢșȣ ꢀ ȓȕȍȌș ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ șȇȑ ꢀ Țȍ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȓȔȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȕȘșȇȉȇȒȕȘȣ ꢀ ȋȕȋȌȒȇșȣ ꢀ ȚȋȏȉȏșȌȒȣȔȕȓȚ ꢀ

ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȥ ꢁꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȕȓȚ ꢀ ȖȕȒȑȕȉȕȋȝȚ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȈȒȏȘșȇșȌȒȣȔȕȓȚ ꢀ ȋȏȖȒȕȓȇșȚ ꢁꢀ ȞșȕȈȢ ꢀ

ȘȗȇȎȏșȣȘȦ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ǵȗȋȕȐ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȚȘșȗȕȏșȣ ꢀ ȌȐ ꢀ

DZȚȒȏȑȕȉȕ ꢀ ȖȕȒȌ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ Șșȕ ꢀ ȒȌș ꢀ ȗȇȔȌȌ ꢁꢀ

ȏȎȈȇȉȏȉ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȔȌȏȘȞȏȘȒȏȓȢȜ ꢀ

ȘȗȌȋȔȌȉȌȑȕȉȕȐ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ« ꢏꢀ

ªǶȗȌȑȗȇȠȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȕȗȋȢȔȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȑȇȗȇșȌȒȣȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȖȕȜȕȋȕȉ ꢀ ȈȢȒȕ ꢀ ȉȢȎȉȇȔȕ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȖȕȒȏșȏȑȕȐ ꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȎȇȔȦșȕȘșȣȥ ꢀ

ǵȗȋȢ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DzȏșȉȌ ꢁꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȅȍȔȕȐ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȕȘȕȈȌȔȔȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǯȗȇȔȌ ꢂꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ

ªțȇȑșȏȞȌȘȑȏ ꢀ ȖȕȒȕȍȏȒ ꢀ ȑȕȔȌȝ ꢀ

ȘȕȖȗȕșȏȉȒȌȔȏȥ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȌȐ ꢀ ǵȗȋȌ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȓȔȕȊȏȌ ꢀ ȊȕȋȢ ꢀ ȉȖȌȗȌȋ«« ꢂ

ȈȌȋȘșȉȏȐ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȘșȕȦȠȌȊȕ ꢀ ȘșȕȒȌșȏȦ« ꢂ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢁ

ǼȚȋȕȍȔȏȑ ꢀ ǶȇȉȌȒ ꢀ DZȕȗȏȔ ꢂꢀ

ꢆꢐꢋꢇꢀ Ȋ ꢂ

ŮƑƏƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƈƋƝƄƃƏƐƀž ꢀ ƀ ꢀ ƈƌƋƔƃ ꢀ ;,,, ꢀ ƀ ꢁ

ȍȞȜȟșȎȐ ꢀ ȀȐȓȞȟȘȜȗ

DzȌȊȌȔȋȇ ꢀ ȑȇȗșȢ ꢀ

ªǷȚȘȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǵȗȋȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢇꢌ -

ꢂꢌꢋꢆꢀ ȊȊ ꢁ « ꢏ

(1263-1271)

ǰȎȟȖșȖȗ ꢀ ǸȜȟȠȞȜȚȟȘȜȗ

Ȼɟɥɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ʌɚɞɨɠɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

(1272-1276)

ǩȕ ꢀ ȉșȕȗȕȐ ꢀ ȖȕȒȕȉȏȔȌ ꢀ ;,,, ꢀ

ȉȌȑȇ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȕȌ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȗȇȘȖȇȒȕȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȓȔȕȍȌȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȓȌȒȑȏȜ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉ ꢁꢀ

ȑȕșȕȗȢȌ ꢀ Ȓȏȟȣ ꢀ ȔȕȓȏȔȇȒȣȔȕ ꢀ

ȖȕȋȞȏȔȦȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȕȓȚ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȥ ꢀ

ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȕȓȚ ꢂꢀ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

DzȚȖȠȞȖȗ ꢀ ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȖȗ

(1276-1281, 1283-1294)

ǮțȒȞȓȗ ꢀ DZȜȞȜȒȓȤȘȖȗ

(1281-1283, 1294-1304)

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȞȓȟȝȡȏșȖȘȎ

Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ɗɫɬɵ

ǮȌȓȒȏ ꢁꢀ ȕȑȇȎȇȉȟȏȌȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ǮȕȒȕșȕȐ ꢀ

ȕȗȋȢ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȗȌȎȚȒȣșȇșȌ ꢀ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ʉɨɫɬɪɨɦɚ

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ ɨɡ ꢁ

ɨɡ ꢁꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ȎȇȉȕȌȉȇȔȏȐ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȦ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɡɚɥ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȟȘȜ

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

ǮȌȓȒȏ ꢀ ǶȕȒȕȝȑȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ

dzȏȔȘȑȕȉȕ ȏ ꢀ ǹȚȗȕȉȕ -

ǶȏȔȘȑȕȊȕ ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉ ꢀꢃ ǨȌȒȇȦ ꢀ

ǷȚȘȣ ꢄꢁꢀ ȕȘșȇȉȟȏȌȘȦ ꢀ

Ɋ

Ɉɤɚ

ȐȓșȖȘȜȓ ꢀ ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

ǽȜșȜȤȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ǿȚȜșȓțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

ǾȭȕȎțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ȔȌȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȢȓȏ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

ǯȓȞȘȓ

(1257-1266)

Ǻȓțȑȡ - ȀȖȚȡȞ

(1266-1286)

ȀȡȒȎ - Ǻȓțȑȡ

(1282-1287)

ȀȜȣȠȎ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

ǵȗȋȇ șȌȖȌȗȣ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȋȇȉȇȒȇ ꢀ

ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗ ȉȕ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȕȌ ꢀ

ȉȒȇȋȌȔȏȌ ꢀ șȕȓȚ ꢁꢀ ȑșȕ ꢀ ȖȕȒȚȞȇȒ ꢀ

ȉȌȒȏȑȕȑȔȦȍȌȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȦȗȒȢȑ .

ȀȡȞȜȐȜ -

ǽȖțȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ǼȞȒȎ

ȅȓȞțȖȑȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠ ɇ Ȑ ɨɜ Ȝ ɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

Ɍɭɪɨɜ

(1291-1312)

ȼɨɥɝɚ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȜȓ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼ ꢁ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

ɚɪɚɣ ꢀ Ȼɟɪɤɟ

DZȎșȖȤȘȜ -

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȓȕȊ ꢀ

ȉȓȌȟȏȉȇșȣȘȦ ꢀ ȉȕ ꢀ ȉȔȚșȗȌȔȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȋȌȒȇ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȏȜ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉ .

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ⱦɨɧ

ɚɪɚɣ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɭ

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ʉɚɫɩɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

ŮƑƏƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƈƋƝƄƃƏƐƀž ꢀ ƀ ꢀ ƈƌƋƔƃ ꢀ ;,,, ꢀ ƀ ꢁ

ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȘȓȌȗșȏ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ꢀ

ǴȌȉȘȑȕȊȕ ȉȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȉȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȖȗȌȘșȕȒ ꢀ

ȎȇȔȏȓȇȒȏ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȈȗȇșȣȦ ꢅꢀ

ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉ ꢀ ǹȉȌȗȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ǩȇȘȏȒȏȐ ꢀ DZȕȘșȗȕȓȘȑȕȐ ꢁ

ǩ ꢀ ȊȕȋȢ ꢀ ȏȜ ꢀ ȖȗȇȉȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ

ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȣ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ȕș ꢀ ǵȗȋȢ

ȚȘȏȒȏȒȇȘȣ ꢂ

ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢃꢋꢀ Ȋ ꢁ , ȇ ꢀ

ǩȇȘȏȒȏȐ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢃꢅꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ

ȖȗȏȈȌȊȇȒȏ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȖȕȓȕȠȏ ꢀ

ǵȗȋȢ ȋȒȦ ꢀ ȖȕȋȇȉȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ

ȉȕȒȔȌȔȏȐ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȌ ꢁ

ǼȇȔȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȦȗȒȢȑ ꢀ

Ȕȇ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȔȏȌ

dzȕȔȌșȢ ꢀ ȜȇȔȇ ꢀ dzȌȔȊȚ - ǹȏȓȚȗȇ ꢁꢀ dzȌȍȋȚ ꢀꢆꢇꢉꢉꢀ ȏ ꢀꢆꢇꢎꢇꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ŮƑƏƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƈƋƝƄƃƏƐƀž ꢀ ƀ ꢀ ƈƌƋƔƃ ꢀ ;,,, ꢀ ƀ ꢁ

ȍȞȜȟșȎȐ ꢀ ȀȐȓȞȟȘȜȗ

ǩȇȘȏȒȏȐ ꢀ DZȕȘșȗȕȓȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȚȓȌȗ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ꢂꢅꢃꢃꢀ Ȋ ꢁ

DzȌȊȌȔȋȇ ꢀ ȑȇȗșȢ ꢀ

ªǷȚȘȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǵȗȋȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢇꢌ -

ꢂꢌꢋꢆꢀ ȊȊ ꢁ « ꢏ

(1263-1271)

ǰȎȟȖșȖȗ ꢀ ǸȜȟȠȞȜȚȟȘȜȗ

(1272-1276)

Ȼɟɥɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

Ʌɚɞɨɠɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɨɡɟɪɨ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

Ɏɢɧɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

DzȚȖȠȞȖȗ ꢀ ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȖȗ

(1276-1281, 1283-1294)

ǮțȒȞȓȗ ꢀ DZȜȞȜȒȓȤȘȖȗ

(1281-1283, 1294-1304)

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ

Ʉɨɩɨɪɶɟ

ǻȜȐȑȜȞȜȒȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȞȓȟȝȡȏșȖȘȎ

Ɋɟɜɟɥɶ

ɗɫɬɵ

ǮȌȓȒȏ ꢁꢀ ȕȑȇȎȇȉȟȏȌȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ǮȕȒȕșȕȐ ꢀ

ȕȗȋȢ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȗȌȎȚȒȣșȇșȌ ꢀ

ǩ ꢀ ȈȕȗȣȈȚ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȕȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȉȘșȚȖȏȒȕ ꢀ ȘȒȌȋȚȥȠȌȌ ꢀ

ȖȕȑȕȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ² ȘȢȔȕȉȣȦ ꢀ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

Ʉɨɫɬɪɨɦɚ

ɑɭɞɫɤɨɟ ꢀ ɨɡ ꢁ

ɨɡ ꢁꢀ

ɂɥɶɦɟɧɶ

Ⱦɟɪɩɬ

əɪɨɫɥɚɜɥɶ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

Ƚɨɪɨɞɟɰ

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ꢀ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ȎȇȉȕȌȉȇȔȏȐ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȦ

Ɋɢɠɫɤɢɣ ꢀ

ɡɚɥ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

ǹȖȐȜțȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȜȞȒȓț

ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

Ɍɜɟɪɶ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȟȘȜ

Ɍɨɪɠɨɤ

ɋɭɡɞɚɥɶ

ɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ

ǮȌȓȒȏ ꢀ ǶȕȒȕȝȑȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ

dzȏȔȘȑȕȉȕ ȏ ꢀ ǹȚȗȕȉȕ -

ǶȏȔȘȑȕȊȕ ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉ ꢀꢃ ǨȌȒȇȦ ꢀ

ǷȚȘȣ ꢄꢁꢀ ȕȘșȇȉȟȏȌȘȦ ꢀ

Ɋ

Ɉɤɚ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȇ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȕȊȕ :

ǫȓȏșȗȏȐ ꢀ ǶȌȗȌȦȘȒȇȉȘȑȏȐ ȏ ꢀ

ǧȔȋȗȌȐ ꢀ ǪȕȗȕȋȌȝȑȏȐ .

ȐȓșȖȘȜȓ ꢀ ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

ǽȜșȜȤȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ǿȚȜșȓțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

ǾȭȕȎțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ɋɹɡɚɧɶ

ǹȖȠȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ȔȌȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȢȓȏ

Ʉɨɥɨɦɧɚ

ǯȓȞȘȓ

(1257-1266)

Ǻȓțȑȡ - ȀȖȚȡȞ

(1266-1286)

ȀȡȒȎ - Ǻȓțȑȡ

(1282-1287)

ȀȜȣȠȎ

ǺȖțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɪɨɧɫɤ

Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ

Ʉɨɡɟɥɶɫɤ

ȼɢɥɶɧɨ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ɇɢɧɫɤ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢃꢃꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȜȇȔ ꢀ ȕșȋȇȒ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ǫȓȏșȗȏȥ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢄꢂꢀ

Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȖȌȗȌȋȇȒ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ǧȔȋȗȌȥ .

ȀȡȞȜȐȜ -

ǽȖțȟȘȜȓ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ǵȜșȜȠȎȭ ꢀ ǼȞȒȎ

ȅȓȞțȖȑȜȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɢɧɫɤ

Ɍɭɪɨɜ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ꢀ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ

(1291-1312)

ȼɨɥɝɚ

Ʉɭɪɫɤ

ɑɟɪɧɢɝɨɜ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ɉɭɬɢɜɥɶ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ ǽȓȞȓȭȟșȎȐȟȘȜȓ

ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ꢀ ȼ ꢁ

Ʉɢɟɜ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

ɉɟɪɟɹɫɥɚɜɥɶ

ɚɪɚɣ ꢀ Ȼɟɪɤɟ

ǶȗȏȋȦ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȕȗȋȢȔȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȕȓ ꢁꢀ

ǧȔȋȗȌȐ ȏȎȊȔȇȒ ꢀ ǫȓȏșȗȏȦ ȏ ꢀ

ȗȇȎȕȗȏȒ ꢀ ȎȔȇȞȏșȌȒȣȔȚȥ ꢀ ȞȇȘșȣ ꢀ

ȎȌȓȌȒȣ ꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗȕ - ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȕȐ ꢀ

ǷȚȘȏ ꢁꢀ

DZȎșȖȤȘȜ -

ǰȜșȩțȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȘțȭȔȓȟȠȐȜ

Ʌɶɜɨɜ

Ⱦɨɧ

ɚɪɚɣ ꢀ Ȼɚɬɭ

Ƚɚɥɢɱ

Ʉɚɫɩɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

ŢƜƂƃƋƃƀž ꢀ ƎžƐƚ ꢀꢅꢆꢍꢄꢀ ƁƌƂž

ǫȓȏșȗȏȐ ȕȈȗȇșȏȒȘȦ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ

ȖȕȓȕȠȣȥ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȜȇȔȚ ꢀ

ǴȕȊȇȥ ꢁꢀ ȕșȑȕȒȕȉȟȌȓȚȘȦ ꢀ

ȕș ꢀ ǵȗȋȢ . Ǹ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ

ȖȕȓȕȠȣȥ ꢀ ȕȔ ꢀ ȉȌȗȔȚȒ ꢀ

ȘȌȈȌ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȕȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢄꢌꢀ Ȋ .

ǵȋȔȇȑȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢂꢅꢄꢍꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ

ǧȔȋȗȌȐ ȉȔȕȉȣ ꢀ ȖȗȏȉȌȒ ꢀ

Ȕȇ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ ȕȗȋȢȔȝȌȉ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ

ȖȕȋȞȏȔȏșȣ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗ

ȔȌ ꢀ ȘȓȕȊ ꢂꢀ

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢊꢌꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǧȔȋȗȌȐ

ȖȗȏȟȌȒ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ Ș ꢀ

ªǯ ꢀ ȘȌȒ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȔȌȊȕ ꢀ Ȉȗȇș ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢎꢀ

ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ǧȔȋȗȌȐ ꢀ

ȕȊȗȕȓȔȢȓ ꢀ ȕȗȋȢȔȘȑȏȓ ꢀ

ȉȕȐȘȑȕȓ ꢀ ² ǫȥȋȌȔȌȉȕȐ

ȗȇșȣȥ ꢁꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȕȉȏȞ ꢎꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȕȓ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȍȌȔȏȏ ꢀ ȉȕ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȌ« ꢁ

dzȏȔȏȇșȥȗȇ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ DzȏȝȌȉȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȒȌșȕȖȏȘȔȕȊȕ ꢀ Șȉȕȋȇ ꢂꢀ XVI ȉ ꢂ

dzȕȔȊȕȒȣȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȉȕȏȔ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȎȇȜȉȇȞȌȔȔȕȓ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȕȓ ꢀ ȊȕȗȕȋȌ ꢁ

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ ꢂ

ŢƜƂƃƋƃƀž ꢀ ƎžƐƚ ꢀꢅꢆꢍꢄꢀ ƁƌƂž

ǫȉȏȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ǫȥȋȌȔȌȉȕȐ ȗȇșȏ ꢀꢂꢅꢊꢌꢀ Ȋ . DZȇȗșȇ ꢂ

ǫȥȋȌȔȌȉȇ ȗȇșȣ ꢀ ² ȉȕȐȘȑȕ ꢀ

ȕȗȋȢȔȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȖȕȒȑȕȉȕȋȝȇ ꢀ ǹȚȋȇȔȇ

( ǫȥȋȌȔȦ ) ² ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ ȘȇȓȕȐ ꢀ ȘșȗȇȟȔȕȐ ꢀ

Șȕ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȌȔȏ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȌȉȇ ȔȇȟȌȘșȉȏȦ ꢁꢀ

ǵȗȋȢȔȝȢ ꢀ ȗȇȎȕȗȏȒȏ ꢀ 14 Ȋȕȗȕȋȕȉ ꢂꢀ

ǵȘȕȈȌȔȔȕ ꢀ ȘȏȒȣȔȕ ꢀ ȖȕȘșȗȇȋȇȒ ꢀ

ǶȌȗȌȦȘȒȇȉȒȣ .

ǩ ꢀꢂꢅꢊꢆꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǫȓȏșȗȏȐ ꢀ

ǶȌȗȌȦȘȒȇȉȘȑȏȐ ȚȓȌȗ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȏȓ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȎȌȓ ꢀ ȘșȇȒ ꢀ ǧȔȋȗȌȐ ꢀ ǪȕȗȕȋȌȝȑȏȐ .

ǩ ꢀ ȕȈȠȌȐ ꢀ ȘȒȕȍȔȕȘșȏ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ꢈꢇꢂ ȒȌș ꢂ

(1275- ꢂꢌꢋꢋꢀ ȊȊ .) ǵȗȋȇ ȘȕȉȌȗȟȏȒȇ ꢀ

15 ȑȇȗȇșȌȒȣȔȢȜ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȕȉ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ .

ǩ ꢀ ȈȕȒȣȟȏȔȘșȉȌ ꢀ ȘȒȚȞȇȌȉ ꢀ ȕȗȋȢȔȝȌȉ ꢀ

ȖȗȏȊȒȇȟȇȒȏ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ .

ŮƑƏƚ ꢀ ƍƌƂ ꢀ ƀƉžƏƐƚƜ ꢀ ŬƎƂƙ

‡ ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ǨȇșȢȌȉȇ ȔȇȟȌȘșȉȏȦ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ ȕȑȇȎȇȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ

ǵȗȋȢ ȏ ꢀ ȋȕȒȍȔȇ ꢀ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ ȖȒȇșȏșȣ ꢀ șȦȍȌȒȢȐ ꢀ ªȉȢȜȕȋ« ꢁ

‡ ªǩȢȜȕȋ« ꢀ ȘȕȈȏȗȇȒȏ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢀ Ȗȕȋ ꢀ ȑȕȔșȗȕȒȌȓ ꢀ

ȕȗȋȢȔȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȈȇȘȑȇȑȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ șȇȑȍȌ ꢀ ȑȚȖȝȢ - ȈȌȘȌȗȓȌȔȢ .

‡ ǷȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȘȓȕȊȒȏ ꢀ ȉȘșȇșȣ ꢀ ȉȕ ꢀ ȊȒȇȉȌ ꢀ ȘȕȖȗȕșȏȉȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ

ǵȗȋȌ ꢁꢀ ȈȕȒȌȌ ꢀ șȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ ȕȔȏ ꢀ ȔȌȗȌȋȑȕ ꢀ ȖȕȓȕȊȇȒȏ ꢀ ǵȗȋȌ ȖȕȋȇȉȒȦșȣ ꢀ

ȘȕȖȗȕșȏȉȒȌȔȏȌ ꢁꢀ ȘșȗȌȓȦȘȣ ꢀ ȘȕȜȗȇȔȏșȣ ꢀ Șȉȕȥ ꢀ ȉȒȇȘșȣ ꢂ

‡ dzȌȍȋȕȚȘȕȈȔȇȦ ꢀ ȈȕȗȣȈȇ ꢀ ȓȌȍȋȚ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȓȏ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦȓȏ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ

ȉȌȒȏȑȕȑȔȦȍȌȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȖȗȌȘșȕȒ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȗȇȎ ꢀ ȘșȇȔȕȉȏȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȖȗȏȞȏȔȕȐ ꢀ

ȕȗȋȢȔȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȔȇȈȌȊȕȉ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȖȕȘȕȈȘșȉȕȉȇȒȇ ꢀ

ȚȘȏȒȌȔȏȥ ꢀ ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȏ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ȕș ꢀ ǵȗȋȢ .

‡ ǷȇȎȋȗȕȈȒȌȔȔȕȘșȣ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ Ȗȕȋ ꢀ ȉȒȇȘșȣȥ ꢀ ǵȗȋȢ ȉ ꢀ XIII ȉ ꢁꢀ șȕȒȣȑȕ ꢀ

ȚȘȏȒȏȒȇȘȣ ꢅꢀ ȉȔȚșȗȏ ꢀ ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȇ ȉȢȋȌȒȏȒȕȘȣ ꢀ

ȔȌȘȑȕȒȣȑȕ ꢀ ȘȇȓȕȘșȕȦșȌȒȣȔȢȜ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉ ꢀꢃ ȉȑȒȥȞȇȦ ꢀ dzȕȘȑȕȉȘȑȕȌ

ǵȗȋȢȔȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȉȕȏȔ ꢀ ȚȈȏȉȇȌș ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȕȊȕ .

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ ꢂ

ȏ ꢀ ǹȉȌȗȘȑȕȌ ).

5.4.1242

Ǩȏșȉȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ǾȚȋȘȑȕȓ ꢀ ȕȎȌȗȌ ꢀ

ꢃ DzȌȋȕȉȕȌ ꢀ

ȖȕȈȕȏȠȌ ꢄ

1255, 1257

ǶȕȋȇȉȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

1276-1277

ǩȢȋȌȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ dzȕȘȑȕȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉȇ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ

1301-1303

ǶȌȗȉȕȌ ꢀ ȗȇȘȟȏȗȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

dzȕȘȑȕȉȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȘșȉȇ

ꢃ DZȕȒȕȓȔȇ ꢁꢀ ǶȌȗȌȦȘȒȇȉȒȣ ,

dzȕȍȇȐȘȑ ꢄ

15.7.1240

ǴȌȉȘȑȇȦ ꢀ Ȉȏșȉȇ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȕȓ ꢀ ǴȌȉȘȑȏȓ ꢀ

ȉȕȘȘșȇȔȏȐ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȌ ꢂꢀ

ǶȕȋȞȏȔȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȇ ꢀ

ǮȕȒȕșȕȐ ꢀ ȕȗȋȌ

ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȕȊȕ ꢂ

ǫȇȔȏȏȒ ꢀ ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȕȉȏȞ ꢀ ²

ȖȌȗȉȢȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ

ȓȕȘȑȕȉȘȑȏȐ

1238-1246

ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉ ꢀ

ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋȕȉȏȞ

1248-1252

1252-1263

1272-1276

ǧȔȋȗȌȐ ꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗ ꢀ ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉȕȉȏȞ ꢀ

ǩȇȘȏȒȏȐ ꢀ

ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉȕȉȏȞ

ǴȌȉȘȑȏȐ

DZȕȘșȗȕȓȘȑȕȐ

1218-1238

1263-1271

1304-1318

1276-1281, 1283-12941281-1283, 1294-1304

dzȏȜȇȏȒ ꢀ ǹȉȌȗȘȑȕȐ

ǫȓȏșȗȏȐ ꢀ ǶȌȗȌȦȘȒȇȉȘȑȏȐ ǧȔȋȗȌȐ ꢀ ǪȕȗȕȋȌȝȑȏȐ

ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉ ꢀ ǹȉȌȗȘȑȕȐ

ȅȗȏȐ ꢀ ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋȕȉȏȞ

ǾȡȟȪ ꢀ Ȗ ꢀ ǼȞȒȎ ꢀ Ȑ ꢀꢂꢄꢅꢋ - ꢂꢅꢌꢉꢀ ȑȜȒȎȣ

1 22812291230123112321233 12341235123612371238123912401241124212431244124512461247124812491250125112521253125412551256125712581259126012611262126312641265126612671268126912701271127212731274127512761277127812791280128112821283128412851286128712881289129012911292129312941295129612971298129913001301130213031304130513061307

13091310

1227-1256

1256

1291-1312

1257-1266

1282-1287 1287-1291

1266-1282

ǹȕȜșȇ

ǹȚȋȇ - dzȌȔȊȚ ǹȚȒȇ - ǨȌȊȚ

ǨȌȗȑȌ

dzȌȔȊȚ - ǹȏȓȚȗ

Ǹȇȗșȇȑ

ǨȇșȢȐ

1246

ǸȓȌȗșȣ ꢀ

ȆȗȕȘȒȇȉȇ ꢀ

1237-1240

ǴȇȟȌȘșȉȏȌ ꢀ

ǨȇșȢȦ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ

1304

ǴȇȞȇȒȕ ꢀ

ȉȒȇȋȏȓȏȗȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȍȌȔȏȦ ꢀ dzȏȜȇȏȒȇ ꢀ

ǹȉȌȗȘȑȕȊȕ ꢂ

ǴȇȞȇȒȕ ꢀ ȈȕȗȣȈȢ ꢀ

dzȕȘȑȉȢ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǹȉȌȗȏ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ

ȦȗȒȢȑ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȍȌȔȏȌ

ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋȕȉȏȞȇ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀ DZȇȗȇȑȕȗȚȓȌ

1258

1252

DZȇȗȇșȌȒȣȔȢȐ ꢀ

ȔȇȈȌȊ ꢀ ǨȚȗȚȔȋȇȦ

ȉ ꢀ ǪȇȒȏȝȑȕ -

ǩȕȒȢȔȘȑȚȥ ꢀ

ǷȚȘȣ ꢂ

ǶȕȋȞȏȔȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ǫȇȔȏȏȒȇ ꢀ

ǪȇȒȏȝȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ǮȕȒȕșȕȐ ꢀ ȕȗȋȌ

ǴȇȟȌȘșȉȏȌ ꢀ

ǴȌȉȗȥȌȉȕȐ

ȗȇșȏ ꢂꢀ

ǶȕȒȚȞȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ǧȒȌȑȘȇȔȋȗȕȓ ꢀ

ǴȌȉȘȑȏȓ ꢀ

1293

ǷȇȎȕȗȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗȕ -

ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȕȐ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ꢀ

ǫȥȋȌȔȌȉȕȐ ȗȇșȣȥ

1235

DZȚȗȚȒșȇȐ ꢀ

ꢆꢇꢌꢍꢀ Ȋȕȋȇ ꢂꢀ

ǶȗȏȔȦșȏȌ ꢀ

ȗȌȟȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȕ ꢀ

ȎȇȖȇȋȔȕȓ ꢀ

ȖȕȜȕȋȌ ꢂ

ȦȗȒȢȑȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ǩȒȇȋȏȓȏȗ