Full name: Petrov Almaz Ivanovich
Town: Nizhnekamsk
School,grade: School №11,10A grade
Title of the report: Globalization of The English language
Full name of supervisor: Gainullina Alsu Sagitovna
Introduction
International language is a language that can be used for communication by a significant number of people around the world.
Today, English is spoken by a huge number of people around the world, and in a number of countries it has become the second official language along with its native language.
The aim of my work is to study the causes of globalization of the English language.
To achieve this goal I needed to solve the following tasks:
1.Analyze data from different information resources
2.Make a plan to research my topic
3.Answer three important questions of the problem: how does language become a means of international communication, why is English the main contender for this role and whether it will retain its position in the future.
I. Does English need international communication?
What is the language of international communication
Language becomes a means of international communication when its special role is recognized by all countries.
There are two main ways that a language acquires official status. Firstly, it can be recognized as the official language of any country for use as a means of communication in such areas as administration, legal proceedings, the media and the educational system. Secondly, a certain language, even if it does not have an official status, may be given preference when learning foreign languages.
Since the language of international communication develops at the same time in three areas (native, official and foreign), over time it will surpass any language in the number of speakers. That is exactly the case at the present time with English. Almost a quarter of the world's population already owns it sufficiently. Moreover, this indicator is constantly increasing.
Causes of the language of international communication
The reasons why this or that language is turning into a world language depend little on the number of people speaking it.
Without strong power, be it political, military or economic, no language will develop into a means of international communication. It cannot exist by itself in a certain virtual space and in isolation from the people speaking it. If media
language achieve success in the global arena, then the role of their language is growing.
II. Globalization of the English language.
English is a recognized language of international
communication. This is the language of modern
business, science, production, media, and more other.[1]
According to Ethnologue 2014, English is only in third place in terms of number
speaking in the world. However today we
notice that English is spreading at a tremendous speed and
used in all sectors of human life.[2]
Why did English, and not another, become the language of international communication? This question must be considered from two points of view: historical-geographical and socio-cultural. The first shows us how the English language gained a privilege. The second - explains why he continues to maintain a leading position. As a result of the combination of these two factors, English arose.
III. Socio-cultural aspect of the problem
At a new stage in the cultural heritage of the colonial era and the achievement of the technical revolution, English began to show itself as a means of communication in rapidly developing areas of activity, that is, in those areas that gradually had to determine the nature of everyday and professional life of the 20th century.
The League of Nations was the first among numerous international organizations that granted English a special status. It became one of the two official languages of the League.Currently, the UN includes more than 50 different organizations, target and specialized agencies, as well as numerous regional and functional commissions, standing committees, and expert groups. English is one of the official languages of these structures.
S.S.Kovaleva emphasizes his simple grammatical structure.The structure of the English language is ideally suited to become global.[3]
From the point of view of A.E.Rytsarevoi, contributes to the spread of English is Internet development [4, p. 17].
With the help of historical evidence, one can trace the spread of the English language around the world with the time of the first expeditions of English sailors to America, Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
IV. The future of English as a global language
Never before had there been a language so widespread and spoken by as many people as English. Therefore, there is no precedent that would help us understand what will happen to him after receiving global status. As for the prediction for the future, as can be seen from the works of Noah Webster and Henry Sweet, such forecasts are usually not fulfilled. The balance between the need for mutual understanding and preservation of national identity is very unstable. It can easily be influenced by changes of a socio-political nature.
For example,In 1996, in the journal "Economist" it was suggested that “English continues to be the main international language and at present there are practically no threats to its global popularity ”[5]
According to Graddol, the boom in learning English will end in 2050. “Then the number of learners of English will decrease from 3 billion to 500 million,” he says. “As English spreads on the planet, more and more people will be bilingual and even multilingual, and such qualities are highly valued in business.''
Conclusion
English language becomes absolutely necessary in those areas of human activity that influence the life of society. At the same time, new international organizations and alliances are being created, which leads to an unprecedented need for a language of international communication. And again, no one has questions with the choice of language. During the first half of the 20th century, English gradually became the main language of many international political, scientific and educational organizations.
Resources:
[1].Schweizer A.D., Yartseva V.N. English language. / Linguistic
encyclopedic Dictionary. - M., 1990. - S. 33–34.
[2]. Ethnologue: Languages of the World [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: http://www.ethnologue.com
[3]. Kovaleva, S.S. Bilingualism as a socio-communicative process / S.S. Kovaleva. - The electron. text data - Access mode:http: //
www.dissercat.com/content/bilingvizm-kak-sotsialnokommunikativnyi-protsess.
[4]. Rytsareva, A.E. Pragmalinguistic aspect of international vocabulary (on the material English) / A.E. Knights. - The electron. text data - Access mode: http: // www.dissercat.com/content/pragmalingvisticheskiiaspekt-internatsionalnoi-leksiki-na-materialeangliiskogo-yazyka
[5].Crystal, D. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language / D.Crystal // Cambridge University Press. – 1995. – 499 p.
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