Научно- исследовательская работа “Cross-cultural differences in the legislation of Turkey and Russia. What should we know before visiting Turkey?”

The department of Linguistics and Intercultural Communication

Chelyabinsk Institute of Economics and Law M.Ladoshina

Project work

“Cross-cultural differences in the legislation of Turkey and Russia

What should we know before visiting Turkey?”

Author: Okhromenko Dariya,10 form

Scientific director: Sharafutdinova A.T.,

teacher of English, school №15, Troitsk

Chelyabinsk, 2016

Content

Introduction…………………………………………………………………..3

1. Turkey is a country of contrasts…………………………………………..4

1.1 Culture - between tradition and open-mindedness……………………….4

2. Turkish laws for tourists…………………………………………………..5

1. At airport…………………………………………………………….....5

2. Etiquette………………………………………………………………..6

3. Turkish laws for women……………………………………………….6

3.Turkish laws on marriage…………………………………………………..7

4.Turkish laws on real estate…………………………………………………8

5.Memo for tourists……………………………………………………….….9

Conclusion……………………………………………………………………10

Introduction

Turkey - a wonderful country with a great history and at least a great nation. 3% of the territory of Turkey is located on the European side, and the rest of the territory - in Asia. North of the country - the industrial and the south of busy hotels and tourist cities and towns. Turkey is a beautiful country for vacation and it combines the seemingly incongruous.

How to behave in such a traditional country like Turkey?

Do you know about the customs to be observed during a holiday in Turkey?

Such questions should arise in the mind of every tourist who plans to visit one of the most devout and devoted great importance to its centuries-old traditions of countries. It is equally important to pay attention to the trip, a kind of unique and somewhat strange laws of Turkey.

The aim of the work is examine the legal laws of Turkey for tourists

Problem: Russian tourists get in troubles in Turkey because they don’t know legal and religious laws of the country

Tasks:

1. Examine the literature about Turkey

2. Examine the laws of Turkey

3. To make a memo-card for tourists

The object of research work is cross-cultural differences in the legislation of

Turkey and Russia

The subject of research work is Turkish laws

The methods used in the work are:

-theoretical (examine the literature)

-practical (making memo-card)

Hypothesis: if you know cultural features the country, which you want to visit, you don’t get into trouble.

The result of the work is a memo-card for tourists in Turkey.

1. Turkey is a country of contrasts

Its position between Europe and Asia characterizes Turkey and has made it a cultural interface for centuries. While powerful empires dominated the country in the past, today it is the connection of modern and traditional influences, which is reflected in the population. A world of contrasts is also displayed in Turkey's nature with its scenic beaches and the wild, native landscape.

Turkey is a vast country with many contrasts. Where, the strangely familiar fuses with a very exotic world.  This is one of the largest land masses in Europe, so there is a lot of choice available.  There are some incredible places of natural beauty in the country, not always easily accessible, but there to discover nonetheless.

Istanbul is the capital and probably the only city in the world that can claim to be where Europe meets Asia.  It is a mysterious place with achingly cool venues and hotels from which you can sip a beverage whilst watching the sun set, to the almost scary, surreal Grand Bazaar – a shopping ‘Mecca’ for centuries.  The city is vast, straddling the Bosphorus where on one side you have Europe, and the other the mystique of Asia.  It should be mentioned that whilst the city offers culture in abundance, it is very ‘real’ and offers all the fun trappings that one would expect from a capital city.

However, much has been said of Istanbul, yet the country has much, much more to offer… Antalya has opened up to the corporate market again with its direct flights from the UK.  This is a part of Turkey that does not always feature in the brochures or on the corporate proposals, yet it is a place of immense beauty.  The main city of Antalya is ancient and intriguing, yet offers all the trappings of an authentic holiday resort; nearby lies kilometres of beautiful sandy beaches, fringed with pine forests in which lie lovely resort properties.

The last word however must be about the sea that surrounds much of this beautiful and varied country.  As Turkey lies to the East of the Mediterranean, the good summer weather tends to last much longer than the West Mediterranean, thus making those small, exclusive Gullet sailing trip around the secluded coves and islands worthy of consideration for your next event.

Turkey has been influenced by many world cultures over the years. In ancient times, the Greeks, the Romans and the Persians ruled the region. After the breakdown of the Roman Empire, the Byzantine Empire emerged on the grounds of present-day Turkey. Later on, in the 13th century, the Ottoman Empire developed into a global power and together with Constantinople (today's Instanbul) as a centre it spread over greater parts of South East Asia, North Africa and Europe as far as Vienna.

When the great empire had split up, Mustafa Kemal "Atatürk" ("father of the Turks") founded the Republic of Turkey in 1923. Turkey is an Islamic, traditional country which at the same time is open to western influences. 

One element of Islamic culture, which have become a tourist attraction, are the whirling dervish. Almost 20 percent of the population are Kurds, an ethnic minority which still struggles to retain acknowledgment. Superstition plays a major role in society. For example, people protect themselves against evil with a talisman which has the form of a blue eye.

The Turkish hospitality is downright legendary. Visitors are served the best and most lavish dishes. The Turkish people generally take their time eating. Almost 20 percent of the population are Kurds, an ethnic minority which still struggles to retain acknowledgment.

1. Turkish laws for tourists

Turkey - a country with a rich culture, where ancient traditions of nomads left their mark on the one hand and Islam on the other. The Koran imposes on the faithful set of strict prohibitions, which must be strictly adhered to.

Written and unwritten laws of Turkish tourists are not very different from the requirements of any country, if not to take into account the Islamic focus. But in comparison with other Muslim countries, this rather liberal, but still there are a lot of tourists gets in trouble because didn’t attach importance to the rules of behavior in this country.

1. At airport

At the entrance:

Upon arrival at the airport you must buy a special visa sticker, which allows you to legally stay in the country. This procedure must be done before the passport control. The cost of one brand will be $ 20. If you are traveling with your child, regardless of age, then he, too, will need to buy it. Visa stamp is valid for two months. If during this period you visit Turkey several times, something new does not need to purchase. The procedure will have to be repeated only after two months.

About transportation:

The bag, which you take on board, and does not give up in the luggage, should not be any containers with liquids exceeding 100 milliliters. This applies not only to water and yogurt, as well as cosmetics, toothpaste and the liquid for contact lenses. All cosmetics, perfumes and products of export and import should be in the quantities in which they are necessary for personal needs.

Turkish law is very strict regarding the use, storage and transportation of drugs and illegal drugs. Violation of these restrictions may result in a four to twenty-four years.

It is forbidden to export from the Turkish antiques. The danger for the tourists here can be concealed in a fairly broad sense of the concept of antiques. Besides the obvious - you cannot pick up objects from the archaeological sites - be wary of buying antiquity unauthorized points of sale. When purchasing such items you need to issue a certificate, which will need to be presented upon departure from the country. Otherwise, if you have antiques punishment is not limited to a simple confiscation - the violation is punishable by imprisonment from five to ten years.

Turkey banned the use of metal detectors.

1. Etiquette

If you show respect for the culture of the Turkish people and even learn a few phrases in their native language, then you certainly will answer friendliness and will help in a difficult situation. First of all, you need to be restrained and unobtrusive, observe the rules of clothing - no shorts or short skirts, especially near a mosque. Before entering the temple is a Muslim take off one's shoes. So do the Turks and at the entrance to the house. They never go shod and you received an invitation to visit, should do the same.

Capture the local resident on the picture can be only with his permission, and since it is impossible to impose communication, the picture you will not get them to women in capes. Easy on the male traders photo session, but the Turks living on the edge, it is better not to try to take a picture.

Drinking, smoking and thump on the streets of Russian cities is not worth it. This is especially condemned by during Ramadan. Fasting lasts a month, but since Muslims are guided by the lunar calendar, it is impossible to specify the exact timing - approximately in July and early August.

Nuances in dialogue:

If you struck up a conversation with a Turk, it is better not to criticize or joke about their respected person. For example, about Kemal Ataturk. Also, do not compare Turkey with other countries, namely Greece, with whom he still tensions. Not to mention, and that Istanbul was formerly known as Constantinople was the capital of the Byzantine Empire. This topic is unpleasant for the Turks. It is customary for people to hug and kiss both cheeks regardless of the their gender. 

1. Turkish laws for women

Despite the fact that an Islamic country, where women feel much freer than in other similar powers. To gain rights and freedom helped Turk reforms of Kemal Ataturk. Thanks to them, women can safely engage in a career, to get an education, to assume leadership positions and be equalized with men in their rights. Now they do not have to sit at home and cover their heads. Still, a Turkish woman living in the neighborhood in a fairly conservative families still wear headscarves. Therefore, Turkey is the division of women, which are still covered his head, deprived of all freedoms to career and education, because they strictly observe all the traditions that hinder social activity. Despite this, in Turkey many women in headscarves, that does not prevent them to dress stylishly. Hats Turkish women pick the color of the dress can easily combine them with jeans and sneakers. And though, unlike other Muslim countries, the weaker sex here is much simpler, but Turkey's laws for women tourists remain the same:

1. No revealing outfits on the streets of Turkey. Therefore, short skirts and low-cut blouses not dress for exploring the city.

2. No naked sunbathing or without the upper part of the swimsuit. You should sunbathe on the private beach.

3. No flirting with Turkish men. Flirting may not be correctly interpreted. Especially restraint should behave outside the city.

4. In the mosque is better to enter with his head covered in long, closed dresses.

5. Do not walk around town alone institutions in order to avoid trouble.

3. Turkish laws on marriage

According to ancient tradition of the Turkish young man in love who wants to propose to his beloved, he sends her an apple, and she, if agreed - gives him a handkerchief. In the villages, the more practice the Muslim marriage, which is not enough for the law. For marriage to be valid, it must be in the local registry office.

All because of those same reforms of Kemal Ataturk, significant changes have taken place in the marital relationship of the Turks. Unlike other Islamic regions in Turkey is not polygamy. It is prohibited by law. If polygamy somewhere and left, then on the outskirts of cities to small villages, where the number of women is the only practical solution to economic problems, but these marriages are still not officially. Therefore, if a Russian girl wants to register a relationship with a Turk, you cannot be afraid to become the second or third wife. But to formalize in the Turkish registry office must present a certificate in Turkish that you nothing prevents to conclude the marriage (that you are not married to another man). After three years of marriage with a Turk, a woman becomes officially a citizen of Turkey.

But for a divorce will take time. Typically, these procedures in the Turkish courts drag on months and sometimes for six months. If the marriage has been issued in Turkey and here the child was born, then pick it up at home woman will be extremely difficult.

1. Turkish laws on real estate

Falling in love with Turkey landscapes, many are beginning to think about buying a home in this country. Real estate prices are not the lowest, especially in prime locations, but they can be compared with the cost of housing in the center of our major cities. To purchase necessary to know several laws:

1. Citizens of Ukraine and Russia are not allowed to buy apartments and villas on the coast of the Black Sea.

2. Any foreigner or foreign company can acquire up to 60 hectares of land.

3. Acquisition of real estate and land in nature reserves, in the fields of natural resources, close to the strategic social and political points is prohibited.

4. The foreign owners of apartments and villas in Turkey can easily obtain a residence permit. For this serves the documents confirming property rights in the Turkish Embassy in Moscow. First, long-term visa is issued, and on their arrival in Turkey at the police station - a residence permit.

5. When buying real estate tax paid 3% of the value of the property and liability insurance by the earthquake.

6. The purchase agreement between the Turkish citizen and a foreigner who does not know the Turkish language, can be effective only in case of presence when you make a sworn translator.

7. All the purchased property by a foreign citizen in Turkey has the right to inherit and resold.

1. Memo for tourists

Being in Turkey, tourists are subject to the jurisdiction of local laws. We cannot say that they are very different from the generally accepted in the civilized world, but some features of Turkish legislation in any case better to know in advance.

Before visiting Turkey you should remember:

1. First of all, check your passport to insure that it is valid for at least 3 months from date of arrival into the country. Your stay in Turkey as a tourist is limited up to 3 months.

2. No immunization shots are required for travel within Turkey. 

3. You can use your mobile phone in Turkey if your provider has enabled international roaming. Turkey has very wide mobile coverage networks so you should not have any problems in the main cities and tourist resorts.

4. Don't take Traveler's Checks with you to Turkey. Most stores don't accept them. Banks and Postal Service units(PTT)are the ONLY ways to cash them and you may end up waiting for an hour while they verify the checks. The best currencies to carry for changing to TL are US dollars and Euros. Major credit cards and travelers checks are widely accepted by larger businesses. However most small businesses still prefer good old cash. 

5. While visiting any of the Mosques in Turkey, it is required that women are required to cover their heads with a scarf and naked parts of their legs and shoulders. If you do not have a scarf, please ask at the entrance. In most cases you might get one free, while use it during your visit. 

Also men should not wear shorts. 
Silence is required inside the mosques, it is suggested that you shouldn't laugh loudly inside as this may offend people praying. Please respect religious and social traditions to avoid offending local sensitivities. 

1. If you are planning to visit Turkey during month of Ramadan (RAMAZAN, in Turkish), note that while the Turkish people are fasting during the day, it is legal and permissible for you to eat. However, it is considered impolite to eat in front of those who are fasting. 

2. If you will drive in Turkey, you must obtain an International Driving Permit (IDP). The IDP is a special licence that allows travellers with a valid foreign driver's licence to drive in over 160 countries without a specific test. Contact your local AAA office to pick up an application or have one mailed to you. An IDP is valid for one year from the date of issue. 

3. Turkey has a zero tolerance drug policy. Sale, traffic or use of drugs is strictly forbidden by Turkish Law. Turkey banned the use of metal detectors.

4. Please keep in mind that; if you visit a Turkish family, in general, Turks take their shoes off upon entering a house. Thus, the dust and dirt of the outdoors is not tracked inside. In most houses the family keeps some extra pairs of slippers ('terlik' in Turkish) for their guest to wear. 

5. Exporting antiques from Turkey is absolutely forbidden. Antiques brought into the country must be registered in the owner's passport to avoid difficulties upon exit. 

Emergency service telephone numbers in Turkey are: 
155 - Police, 
112 - Medical Emergency (First aid), 
110 - Fire, 
118 - Information (Unknown numbers), 
161 - PTT Information (Turkish Postal Service)

Conclusion

A mesmerizing mix of the exotic and the familiar, Turkey is much more than its clichéd image of a “bridge between East and West”. Invaded and settled from every direction since the start of recorded history, it combines influences from the Middle East and the Mediterranean, the Balkans and Central Asia. Mosques coexist with churches, Roman theatres and temples crumble near ancient Hittite cities, and dervish ceremonies and gypsy festivals are as much a part of the social landscape as classical music concerts or football matches.

Turkey is a country with so much diversity in culture, traditions, landscapes, people, cuisine, history, art and has boundless adventure opportunities. It has been in the news for the wrong reasons lately, and you're probably wondering if it's safe to go to Turkey? Be assured, with appropriate care and attention there's no reason not to go.

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