Сабақ жоспары №____
Object: Professional english language
Сабақтың типі/Types of lesson: Practical
Сабақтың тақырыбы/The theme of the lesson: Non- ferrous metal. Participle II in postposition.
Сабақтың мақсаттары/Lesson aim; To talk about foreign trade of Kazakhstan, about foreign trade partners of Kazakhstan, about export and import of Kazakhstan. extracting, comparing, clarifying the information.
Білімділік/Educational: to develop reading, writing, listening and speaking activities;
Тәрбиелік/Educational: o teach pupils to respect foreign partners of Kazakhstan,
To respect their Motherland, to love their country.
Дамытушылық/Developmental: To develop students’ reading skills To expand students’ vocabulary, To develop students’ speaking and listening skills
Пәнаралық байланыс/The relationship with other subjects: Kazakh language, Russian language
Оқытудың әдістері және ынталандыру/Teaching methods: Oral speech, visual and practical method, illustrative - demonstrative.
Сабақтың әдістемелік қамтамасыз етілуі/Methodical support of the lesson: mixed
Әдебиеттер/Literature: Агабекян И.П « Английский язык для ССУЗ-ов» М 2007
Аяпова Т., Тутбаева Ж., Укбаев Д. «Английский язык » Алматы «Мектеп »2006
Антипова А.Ф. Английский для студентов технических вузов. Альянс, 2011
Сабақтың құрылымы мен мазмұны/The content of the lesson
Сабақтың Кезеңдері/moments of the lesson | Сабақтың кезеңдерінің мазмұны мен сұрақтары/Questions and the content of the lesson | Уақыт/Time (минут) |
I.Ұйымдастыру кезеңі, сәлемдесу, түгелдеу, студенттердің зейнін сабаққа аудару/Greeting with students.Ask them about the day,date.Mark the absent students Organization moment T: Good morning, students! Cl: Good morning, teacher! T: I am glad to see you. Sit down, please. Who is on duty today? Who is absent? S1: I am on duty today. All are present. T: Thank you, sit down. T: Dear, students, today we have an unusual lesson. Our work will be interesting and useful. Please, be active and attentive. Now, if you are ready let’s begin our lesson. What was your home work? | 2 |
II.Сабақтың мақсатын және жұмыс жоспарын хабарлау /content of the walk plan and objectives of the lesson | 1.When and where was the United Nations organized? 2.How many countries are the members of the United Nations? 3.Where are the UNs Headquarters situated? 4. Who was the General Secretary of the UN and who is now? 5.What are the main 6 languages of the UN? 6. What are the aims of this organization? | 3 |
III.Студенттердің білімін бақылау. Үй тапсырмасын тексеру/Homework,check control | The questions: Do you know anything about World Trade Organization? Has Kazakhstan entered World Trade Organization ? What do you think of foreign trade of Kazakhstan? What is export and import? | 15 |
IY.Білімді,іскерлікті және дағдыны игеруін тексеру/Control of students knowledge; Foreign Trade of Kazakhstan with Great Britain. The dynamics of foreign trade of Kazakhstan and the UK showed a tendency to increase. So, in January-December 2010, trade turnover between the two countries amounted to 2104 144.0 million dollars, which is 46 % higher compared to the same period of the last year (1 438.84 million). Exports. According to statistics during the period of January-December 2010 exports from Kazakhstan to the UK amounted to 1,379,479.0 million dollars, which is 50,7% higher than the same period of the previous year ($ 915 million). The main products exported by Kazakhstan in the UK are: - Refined copper - 45,2% - Crude oil - 33.0% Foreign Trade of Kazakhstan with Great Britain. The dynamics of foreign trade of Kazakhstan and the UK showed a tendency to increase. So, in January-December 2010, trade turnover between the two countries amounted to 2104 144.0 million dollars, which is 46 % higher compared to the same period of the last year (1 438.84 million). Exports. According to statistics during the period of January-December 2010 exports from Kazakhstan to the UK amounted to 1,379,479.0 million dollars, which is 50,7% higher than the same period of the previous year ($ 915 million). The main products exported by Kazakhstan in the UK are: - Refined copper - 45,2% - Crude oil - 33.0% | 5 |
Y. Рефераттарды баяндамаларды қорғау/Protection of abstract reports. What is the WTO? The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. At its heart are the WTO agreements. The goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business. Location: Geneva, Switzerland Established: 1 January 1995 Created by: Uruguay Round negotiations (1986-94) Membership: 153 countries on 10 February 2011 Budget: 196 million Swiss francs for 2011 Secretariat staff: 640 Head: Pascal Lamy (Director-General) Functions: • Administering WTO trade agreements • Forum for trade negotiations • Handling trade disputes • Monitoring national trade policies | 5 |
YI.Студенттердің өзіндік жұмысы/Independent work of students In 2011 Kazakhstan was among the 35 countries of the world, whose turnover made up over $ 100 billion. Exports of goods increased up 49% in comparison with 2010 in the Republic and made up more than 71 billion dollars. In exports of the country three product groups dominate: mineral products (mainly fuel and ore), products of animal and vegetable origin (grain, flour, cereals, animal feed), metals (mostly black) and products from them. Imports in 2011 amounted to nearly 38 billion dollars that is on 15.7% higher than in 2010. Moreover, the volume of imports rose in all commodity groups except for non-food items. Reducing of non-food imports is mostly due to the sharp reduction of import of cars in Kazakhstan – almost on 50% or $1.2 billion. Main partners of Kazakhstan in foreign trade according to the results of 2008 – European countries (47.1%), followed by CIS (commonwealth of independent states) countries – 26,2% and Asian countries – 22,3%. Among some countries the first place is occupied by the Russian Federation – 18,3% of turnover. Than Italia (12.1%), China (11.2%) and Switzerland (10,5%). | 5 |
YII. Арнайы тапсырмалар/Special task | True or False Kazakhstan doesn’t export mineral products to foreign countries. Export and import of Kazakhstan with foreign countries increase every year. In exports of the country three product groups dominate: mineral products, products of animal and vegetable origin, metals and products from them. The main products exported by Kazakhstan in the UK are: Refined copper , Crude oil, Petroleum oils The main part of American capital isn’t concentrated in mineral resource industry. What do these numbers refer to ? 1,379 479, 35, 47,1%, 2,1%, 1,4 | 25 |
YIII.Жаңа тақырыпты бекіту/Synthesis of a new material; | Reading the texts . Jigsaw reading. T: And now you’ll read the texts about foreign trade of Kazakhstan with the USA and GB. You’ll divide into two groups and read the texts, discuss it in your groups and then one of you will retell the text , the others will ask questions. First group will read the text about foreign trade of Kazakhstan with the USA from the book. Second group will read the text about foreign trade of Kazakhstan with Great Britain . I’ll give you the text. The text for the second group: Foreign Trade of Kazakhstan with Great Britain. The dynamics of foreign trade of Kazakhstan and the UK showed a tendency to increase. So, in January-December 2010, trade turnover between the two countries amounted to 2104 144.0 million dollars, which is 46 % higher compared to the same period of the last year (1 438.84 million). Exports. According to statistics during the period of January-December 2010 exports from Kazakhstan to the UK amounted to 1,379,479.0 million dollars, which is 50,7% higher than the same period of the previous year ($ 915 million). The main products exported by Kazakhstan in the UK are: - Refined copper - 45,2% - Crude oil - 33.0% - Petroleum oils - 16,7% Import. During January-December 2010 imports from Britain to Kazakhstan amounted to 724,668.0 million dollars, which is 38,6% more than the same period of the previous year (523.8 million dollars). The main products imported to Kazakhstan from the UK are: - Aircraft - 49.1% - Cars - 2,1% - Other articles of ferrous metals - 1,9% | 20 |
IX.сабақты қорытындылау /Summarizing the lesson; | Conclusion: Have you got any questions? Is it all clear for you? Reflection: | 5 |
X.Үйге тапсырма беру/Home work; | T: Your home task ex/se 11. Choose one of the themes and make a project work. My new ideas of the foreign trade of Kazakhstan Should or shouldn’t we sell gas and oil? We should leave oil for the future generation. | 5 |
Сабақ жоспары №____
Object: Professional english language
Сабақтың типі/Types of lesson: Practical
Сабақтың тақырыбы/The theme of the lesson: The history of the development of metallurgy. The verbal noun.
Сабақтың мақсаттары/Lesson aim; By the end of the lesson, students should know about nouns, category of numbers and plural of nouns, should know how to use them in practice.
Білімділік/Educational: to develop reading, writing, listening and speaking activities;
Тәрбиелік/Educational: to introduce the new grammar materials and structures, new words and word combinations connecting with theme.
Дамытушылық/Developmental: 1.to develop students’ skills in speaking, listening, reading, writing.
2. to develop memory, understanding, oral and written skills.
3.to develop student’s thinking, ability to express their opinions.
Пәнаралық байланыс/The relationship with other subjects: Kazakh language, Russian language
Оқытудың әдістері және ынталандыру/Teaching methods: Oral speech, visual and practical method, illustrative - demonstrative.
Сабақтың әдістемелік қамтамасыз етілуі/Methodical support of the lesson: mixed
Әдебиеттер/Literature: Агабекян И.П « Английский язык для ССУЗ-ов» М 2007
Аяпова Т., Тутбаева Ж., Укбаев Д. «Английский язык » Алматы «Мектеп »2006
Антипова А.Ф. Английский для студентов технических вузов. Альянс, 2011
Сабақтың құрылымы мен мазмұны/The content of the lesson
Сабақтың Кезеңдері/moments of the lesson | Сабақтың кезеңдерінің мазмұны мен сұрақтары/Questions and the content of the lesson | Уақыт/Time (минут) |
I.Ұйымдастыру кезеңі, сәлемдесу, түгелдеу, студенттердің зейнін сабаққа аудару/Greeting with students.Ask them about the day,date.Mark the absent students Organization moment T: Good morning, students! Cl: Good morning, teacher! T: I am glad to see you. Sit down, please. Who is on duty today? Who is absent? S1: I am on duty today. All are present. T: Thank you, sit down. T: Dear, students, today we have an unusual lesson. Our work will be interesting and useful. Please, be active and attentive. Now, if you are ready let’s begin our lesson. What was your home work? | 2 |
II.Сабақтың мақсатын және жұмыс жоспарын хабарлау /content of the walk plan and objectives of the lesson | Introduction History Advantages of Powder Metallurgy Disadvantage of Powder Metallurgy The verbal noun | 3 |
III.Студенттердің білімін бақылау. Үй тапсырмасын тексеру/Homework,check control | True or False Kazakhstan doesn’t export mineral products to foreign countries. Export and import of Kazakhstan with foreign countries increase every year. In exports of the country three product groups dominate: mineral products, products of animal and vegetable origin, metals and products from them. The main products exported by Kazakhstan in the UK are: Refined copper , Crude oil, Petroleum oils The main part of American capital isn’t concentrated in mineral resource industry. What do these numbers refer to ? 1,379 479, 35, 47,1%, 2,1%, 1,4 | 15 |
IY.Білімді,іскерлікті және дағдыны игеруін тексеру/Control of students knowledge; Advantages of Powder Metallurgy There are advantages and disadvantages in powder metallurgy. The advantages are main from technical and commercial aspects. The technical and commercial advantages of producing parts from powder can be summarized as below: production to near net shape. This means that the product can have very tight tolerance of dimension. The accuracy of the dimension of product can be reach higher degree using powder metallurgy. few or no secondary operations. Usually powder metallurgy didn’t required secondary operation such as cutting. high material utilization from low levels of ‘in process scrap’ For example, those scrap are being recycle used by crushing it into powder and reform new product using powder metallurgy. homogeneous powder, and hence part, chemical composition due to absence of gross solidification segregation and uniform pre-alloyed powder particle composition unique compositions and structures possible as there is no melting e.g. Introduction of specific particles to give special properties such as silica and graphite in brake pads, and porosity in bearings for oil retention non-equilibrium compositions possible e.g. Copper-chromium alloys metallurgical structures are usually fine and isotropic e.g. Carbide distribution in atomized high speed steel powder parts | 5 |
Y. Рефераттарды баяндамаларды қорғау/Protection of abstract reports. Disadvantage of Powder Metallurgy Inevitability there is some limitations including: costs of powder production. limitations on the shapes and features which can be generated e.g. The process cannot produce re-entrant angles by fixed die pressing or radial holes in vertically pressed cylinders the size will always change on sintering. This can usually be predicted as it depends on a number of factors including ‘as-pressed’ density which can be controlled potential workforce health problems from atmospheric contamination of the workplace. Powder particles size can be very small up to micrometer measurement scale. So it is very hard to see using eyes and prevent it from taking inside of lungs. | 5 |
YI.Студенттердің өзіндік жұмысы/Independent work of students The history of powder metallurgy and the art of metals and ceramics sintering are intimately related. Sintering involves the production of a hard solid metal or ceramic piece from a starting powder. There is evidence that iron powders were fused into hard objects as early as 1200 B.C. In these early manufacturing operations, iron was extracted by hand from metal sponge following reduction and was then reintroduced as a powder for final melting or sintering. Powder metallurgy has been called a lost art. Unlike clay and other ceramic materials, the art of molding and firing practical or decorative metallic objects was only occasionally applied during the early stages of recorded history. Sintering of metals was entirely forgotten during the succeeding centuries, only to be revived in Europe at the end of the 18th century, when various methods of platinum powder production were recorded. Metal powders such as gold, copper, and bronze, and many powdered oxides were used for decorative purposes in ceramics, as bases for paints and inks, and in cosmetics since the beginnings of recorded history. This was because most of the decorative apparatus like necklaces, ear rings at that time are mostly small in size especially for cosmetic purpose. Usually those iron oxide are use as pigment for the decorative equipment to make the looking more attractive and creative. | 5 |
YII. Арнайы тапсырмалар/Special task | 1. Stand up!- Тұрыңыз! 2. Stop! – Тоқтаңыз! 3. Listen!- Тыңданыз! 4. Go away!- Кетіңіз! 5. Sit down!- Отырыныз! 6. Go over there!-Бұл жерден кетіңіз! 7. Stop talking!- Тыныш! 8. Don’t stop!-Тоқтама! 9. Don’t listen!-Тындама! 10. Come back!-Қайт! 11. Come here!-Бері кел! | 25 |
YIII.Жаңа тақырыпты бекіту/Synthesis of a new material; | The powder metallurgy has long time history in human being development. As we know, Powder metallurgy is a forming and fabrication technique consisting of three major processing stages. The first stage is the formation of the primary material which is physically powdered, and then divided into many small individual particles. Next, the powder is injected into a mold or passed through a die to produce a weakly cohesive structure (via cold welding) which is very near the dimensions of the object ultimately to be manufactured. This method is very useful when we come across those products which need high accuracy dimension and tight tolerance in dimension.Two main techniques used to form and consolidate the powder are sintering and metal injection molding. However, recent developments have made it possible to use rapid manufacturing techniques which use the metal powder for the products. Because of this technique the powder is melted and not sintered. Thus, better mechanical strength can be accomplished. | 20 |
IX.сабақты қорытындылау /Summarizing the lesson; | In conclusion, I would like to say that it’s very interesting to learn grammar. Now I am sure you know more about nouns. Review English grammar like verb to have, learn how to you use it. Did you like our lesson? | 5 |
X.Үйге тапсырма беру/Home work; | T: Translate the texts | 5 |
Introduction
The powder metallurgy has long time history in human being development. As we know, Powder metallurgy is a forming and fabrication technique consisting of three major processing stages. The first stage is the formation of the primary material which is physically powdered, and then divided into many small individual particles. Next, the powder is injected into a mold or passed through a die to produce a weakly cohesive structure (via cold welding) which is very near the dimensions of the object ultimately to be manufactured. This method is very useful when we come across those products which need high accuracy dimension and tight tolerance in dimension.Two main techniques used to form and consolidate the powder are sintering and metal injection molding. However, recent developments have made it possible to use rapid manufacturing techniques which use the metal powder for the products. Because of this technique the powder is melted and not sintered. Thus, better mechanical strength can be accomplished.
History
The history of powder metallurgy and the art of metals and ceramics sintering are intimately related. Sintering involves the production of a hard solid metal or ceramic piece from a starting powder. There is evidence that iron powders were fused into hard objects as early as 1200 B.C. In these early manufacturing operations, iron was extracted by hand from metal sponge following reduction and was then reintroduced as a powder for final melting or sintering. Powder metallurgy has been called a lost art. Unlike clay and other ceramic materials, the art of molding and firing practical or decorative metallic objects was only occasionally applied during the early stages of recorded history. Sintering of metals was entirely forgotten during the succeeding centuries, only to be revived in Europe at the end of the 18th century, when various methods of platinum powder production were recorded. Metal powders such as gold, copper, and bronze, and many powdered oxides were used for decorative purposes in ceramics, as bases for paints and inks, and in cosmetics since the beginnings of recorded history. This was because most of the decorative apparatus like necklaces, ear rings at that time are mostly small in size especially for cosmetic purpose. Usually those iron oxide are use as pigment for the decorative equipment to make the looking more attractive and creative.
Powdered gold was used to illustrate some of the earliest manuscripts. It is not known how these powders were produced, but it is possible that some of the powders were obtained by granulation after the metal was melted. Low melting points and resistance to oxidation (tarnishing) favored such procedures, especially in the case of gold powder. The use of this method for pigments and decorative purpose cannot truly consider as true powder metallurgy. This is because the true powder metallurgy is the production of powder and the consolidation of it into solid state using pressure or heat at the temperature below the melting point of the major constituent. However, early man learned by chance that particles of metal could be joined together by hammering, resulting in a solid metallic structure. In time, man learned how to build furnaces and develop temperatures high enough to melt and cast metals and to form lower melting alloys, such as copper and tin to make bronze.
As the introduction of new material coming in, metal like platinum which brought by the conquistadores from South America, this metal could not be melted, but the early part of the 19th century workers in England, Spain, and Russia developed similar process for making wrought platinum.
Another important product is tungsten wire filaments, which is pioneered in USA. Unlike the earlier products that were made from powder because the metal concerned could not readily or at all be processed by melting. This are made by powder metallurgy is because of the special properties that result. With this method, it can be arranged that a considerable volume of interconnected porosity remain. Besides, if the gas is extracted from the pores and the parts are immersed in lubricating oil, the pores are filled with oil. Such parts are used as bearing in most small rotating or reciprocating machinery which no further lubrication during the life of the equipment.
After the First World War, another powder metallurgy product came out. In 1925, a German company F Krupp, was granted a patent for a process and product consisting of tungsten carbide particles held together by a “cement” consisting of metallic cobalt. This material is used originally in the form of wire drawing dies, for tungsten as a replacement for diamond dies.
Since powder metallurgy come to human being technology, it bring a lot of consequence and change in metal industry.
Advantages of Powder Metallurgy
There are advantages and disadvantages in powder metallurgy. The advantages are main from technical and commercial aspects.
The technical and commercial advantages of producing parts from powder can be summarized as below:
production to near net shape. This means that the product can have very tight tolerance of dimension. The accuracy of the dimension of product can be reach higher degree using powder metallurgy.
few or no secondary operations. Usually powder metallurgy didn’t required secondary operation such as cutting.
high material utilization from low levels of ‘in process scrap’ For example, those scrap are being recycle used by crushing it into powder and reform new product using powder metallurgy.
homogeneous powder, and hence part, chemical composition due to absence of gross solidification segregation and uniform pre-alloyed powder particle composition
unique compositions and structures possible as there is no melting e.g. Introduction of specific particles to give special properties such as silica and graphite in brake pads, and porosity in bearings for oil retention
non-equilibrium compositions possible e.g. Copper-chromium alloys
metallurgical structures are usually fine and isotropic e.g. Carbide distribution in atomized high speed steel powder parts
Disadvantage of Powder Metallurgy
Inevitability there is some limitations including:
costs of powder production.
limitations on the shapes and features which can be generated e.g. The process cannot produce re-entrant angles by fixed die pressing or radial holes in vertically pressed cylinders
the size will always change on sintering. This can usually be predicted as it depends on a number of factors including ‘as-pressed’ density which can be controlled
potential workforce health problems from atmospheric contamination of the workplace. Powder particles size can be very small up to micrometer measurement scale. So it is very hard to see using eyes and prevent it from taking inside of lungs.